The document discusses various types of syllabus approaches that have been used in language teaching, including structural/grammar, notional/functional, situational, skill-based, task-based, content-based, and lexical based syllabi. It also defines curriculum and syllabus design, explaining that syllabus design focuses more narrowly on selecting and grading content within the broader curriculum.

1. “ In any case, teachers of English as a second language are on the whole more used to thinking about methodology than about syllabus design.” (Yalden, as cited in Krahnke, 1987) On Syllabus Design By Miguel Angel Carranza UES/syllabus design

2. Reflect on and discuss with peers the various types of syllabus currently and previously in use in your own language learning and teaching situations. How many different ways of syllabi approaches have you already experienced? As a student? Teacher? How many exist/have existed in your context? How did you learn the language?

3. Schema Activation What principles/ practices have shaped your philosophy of teaching/ learning? Which authors have influenced your way of teaching? What is curriculum? Literally, curriculum refers to a course or a set of courses. Its origins are deep in the chariot tracks of ancient Greece… Curriculum vitae? Your CV? "course of life” UES/syllabus design

4. Defining Curriculum When teachers and students talk in the classroom about the rules of good conduct on the playground, that is part of the curriculum. When teachers plan their year´s work, decide what their goals for the year will be, what content they will cover, how much they will emphasize different topics, and the sequence , they are designing curriculum. UES/syllabus design

5. What is curriculum? Curriculum refers not only to the official list of courses offered by the school – we call That the “official curriculum”- but also to the purposes, content, activities, and Organization of the educational program actually created in schools by teachers, students, and administrators (Walker & Soltis, 1997) UES/syllabus design

6. More Curriculum Definitions The term curriculum can refer to the educational plan of an institution, school, college or a department, or to a program course. (Stark, 1997). Elements that an academic plan should have: Purpose Content Sequence Learners Instructional Processes Instructional resources Evaluation Adjustment UES/syllabus design

7. Key questions to Curriculum Design 1. What is to be accomplished? 2. What learning experiences will help accomplish the purpose? 3. How can these learning experiences be effectively organized? 4. How can the effectiveness of the learning be evaluated? (Tyler’s model, the most widely used approach for curriculum design) UES/syllabus design

8. On Syllabus Syllabus design has been seen as a subsidiary component of curriculum design. A syllabus is more specific and more concrete than a curriculum, and a curriculum may contain a number of syllabi. Syllabus focuses more narrowly on the selection and grading of content. UES/syllabus design

9. Content, or what is taught is only element of some actual teaching syllabi that include behavioral or learning objectives for students, specifications of how the content will be taught and how it will be evaluated. To design a syllabus is to decide what gets taught and in what order. For this reason, the theory of language explicitly or implicitly underlying the language teaching method will play a major role in determining what syllabus is adopted. UES/syllabus design

10. UES/syllabus design Method Approach Syllabus Design Procedure

11. A method and.. UES/syllabus design Method is the cover term for all of language teaching, from theory to practice. It is divided into the three levels: a) Approach : the theoretical components of the method… divided into theories of language and theories of learning. b) Design is divided into syllabus design and content; roles of materials; roles of learners; and roles of teachers. c) Procedure specifies the activities that are actually used in the classroom.

12. Language Teaching Syllabi 1. The structural/ grammar 2. The notional/ functional: greetings 3. The situational/ at the store/ at a bank 4. The skill-based/ listening/ speaking 5. The task-based 6. The content-based (ESL teaching) 7. The lexical based (lexical units) 8. Multi-syllabus UES/syllabus design