Someone with a non-winning script is a middle of the roader. He plods along from day to day, not making any big winds but not making any big losses either. He doesn’t take risk. This kind of script pattern is often called banal.
losing scripts - Life script (Transactional analysis / TA is an integrative a...Manu Melwin Joy
A loser means someone who does not accomplish a declared purpose. Once again, it is not just the accomplishment or otherwise that matters, but the degree of comfort that goes with it.
Some people may take one of their script messages and turn it round to its opposite. They then follow this opposite instead of the original message. Most often, this is done with counterscript. When we act in this way, we are said to be in antiscript.
This is played by men whose social manner is equivalent to wearing a sign that reads “ Please don’t kick me”.
The temptation is almost irresistible and when the natural result follows, he cries piteously, “ But the sign says don’t kick me.”Then he adds incredulously “ Why does this always happens to me?”
Discovering your script (Transactional analysis / TA is an integrative approa...Manu Melwin Joy
Dreams, fantasies, fairy tales and childhood stories can all give us clues to our script. While you do these exercises, let your imagination run fee. Don’t bother thinking what they are for or what they mean. Don’t censor or try to figure our what you are supposed to say.
Just accept your first images and feelings that may come with them.
People carrying this message may become panicky when they are asked to take on any kind of leadership role. They may “Dry up” when called upon to speak in public.
losing scripts - Life script (Transactional analysis / TA is an integrative a...Manu Melwin Joy
A loser means someone who does not accomplish a declared purpose. Once again, it is not just the accomplishment or otherwise that matters, but the degree of comfort that goes with it.
Some people may take one of their script messages and turn it round to its opposite. They then follow this opposite instead of the original message. Most often, this is done with counterscript. When we act in this way, we are said to be in antiscript.
This is played by men whose social manner is equivalent to wearing a sign that reads “ Please don’t kick me”.
The temptation is almost irresistible and when the natural result follows, he cries piteously, “ But the sign says don’t kick me.”Then he adds incredulously “ Why does this always happens to me?”
Discovering your script (Transactional analysis / TA is an integrative approa...Manu Melwin Joy
Dreams, fantasies, fairy tales and childhood stories can all give us clues to our script. While you do these exercises, let your imagination run fee. Don’t bother thinking what they are for or what they mean. Don’t censor or try to figure our what you are supposed to say.
Just accept your first images and feelings that may come with them.
People carrying this message may become panicky when they are asked to take on any kind of leadership role. They may “Dry up” when called upon to speak in public.
Discounting (Transactional analysis / TA is an integrative approach to the th...Manu Melwin Joy
Each time we meet a problem, We have two options. We can use the full power of our grown up thinking, feeling and action to solve the problem or We can go to into the script. Discounting is defined as unawarely ignoring information relevant to the solution to the problem.
This injunction can be conveyed to a child by parents who have a boy when they wanted a girl or vice versa. Their non verbal message is “Don’t be the sex you are”.
Breaking out of process script patterns - Transactional AnalysisManu Melwin Joy
If you are uncomfortable with your process script, you can step out of it. Of all the personal changes TA makes feasible, this is one of the easiest to accomplish. You need to begin by establishing what your own main process patterns are. Once you have this insight, you simply take Adult control and behave in ways that break the pattern.
Working in the early 1970s, clinical psychologist Taibi Kahler made an intriguing discovery. He had followed up Berne’s idea that the script may be played out over very short periods.
Second by second, Kahler noted his subjects words, tones, gestures, postures and facial expressions. He found that there were certain distinctive sets of behaviors which people consistently showed just before they moved into any kind of scripty behavior or feelings.
Kahler and his coworkers listed five of these second by second behavior sequences. They called them drivers. Further study showed that driver behavior was part of a wider pattern which Kahler called the miniscript.
Maritial games - Games People Play (Transactional analysis / TA is an integra...Manu Melwin Joy
Almost any game can form the scaffolding for married life and family living. Some of these games are tolerated longer, under the legal force of contractual intimacy.
Marital games can only be arbitrarily separated from sexual games .
Life scripts - Transactional analysis - Manu Melwin JoyManu Melwin Joy
The theory of script was developed by Eric Berne and his Co-workers, notably Claude Steiner, in the mid 1960’s.
The concept of script has grown in importance as a part of TA theory, until now it ranks with the ego state model as a central idea of TA.
In their work as therapist, Bob and Mary Goulding found that twelve themes emerged again and again as the basis for people’s negative early decisions. They developed the list of these twelve injunctions.
Racket analysis - Transactional Analysis - Manu Melwin JoyManu Melwin Joy
Any time your experience a racket feeling, you are in script.
As children, we use racket feeling to get our needs met in families.
We attempt to manipulate the environment so as to gain the parental support we gained in childhood by experiencing and showing these racket feelings.
A boy has been given Don’t exist injunction by his mother. To his little professor, the main priority is to work out a way of staying alive. One way is to take a counter injunction and use it to cover up the Don’t exist.
Phenomenological diagnosis (Transactional analysis / TA is an integrative app...Manu Melwin Joy
In phenomenological diagnosis, I may re – experience the past instead of just remembering it. According to Berne, Phenomenological validation only occurs…If the individual can re – experience the whole ego state in full intensity with little weathering
Ego states diagnosis in practice (Transactional analysis / TA is an integrati...Manu Melwin Joy
When we use TA in work with organizations, education or communication training, or simply to help our own everyday relations with others, we need to rely mainly on behavioral diagnosis.
Frame of reference and redefining - transactional analysis - Manu Melwin JoyManu Melwin Joy
The frame of reference is defined by the Schiffs as the structure of associated responses which integrates the various ego states in response to specific stimuli.
Achieving autonomy is the ultimate goal in transactional analysis.Being autonomous means being self governing, determining one’s own destiny, taking responsibility for one’s own actions and feelings and throwing off patterns that are irrelevant and inappropriate to living in the here and now
This injunction Don’t Be Close may imply a ban on physical closeness. In this form, it is often modeled by parents who seldom touch each other or the child.
Discounting and ego states (Transactional analysis / TA is an integrative app...Manu Melwin Joy
Discounting can be related to ego state pathology. Discounting may indicate the presence of contamination. That is to say : When I am discounting, I may be mis – perceiving reality to fit Parent or Child script beliefs, which I mistake for Adult thinking.
Eventually it dawns on us that what we are doing is not actually what is required. This is a period where, through feedback or our own insights, we stop denying the change and its effect. We start to question our abilities and so appear less confident and less competent, and this is how we feel too. Things are just not working out and so there is a feeling of frustration. At this stage we are thinking about the change. During this stage it is useful to recognise that we may feel angry and make arrangements in our life to let off steam safely.
Incongruity (Transactional analysis / TA is an integrative approach to the th...Manu Melwin Joy
When someone has executive power in a different ego state from that experienced in real self, there is a split between his behavior and his internal experience. In TA language, we say then that his behavior shows incongruity.
Discounting (Transactional analysis / TA is an integrative approach to the th...Manu Melwin Joy
Each time we meet a problem, We have two options. We can use the full power of our grown up thinking, feeling and action to solve the problem or We can go to into the script. Discounting is defined as unawarely ignoring information relevant to the solution to the problem.
This injunction can be conveyed to a child by parents who have a boy when they wanted a girl or vice versa. Their non verbal message is “Don’t be the sex you are”.
Breaking out of process script patterns - Transactional AnalysisManu Melwin Joy
If you are uncomfortable with your process script, you can step out of it. Of all the personal changes TA makes feasible, this is one of the easiest to accomplish. You need to begin by establishing what your own main process patterns are. Once you have this insight, you simply take Adult control and behave in ways that break the pattern.
Working in the early 1970s, clinical psychologist Taibi Kahler made an intriguing discovery. He had followed up Berne’s idea that the script may be played out over very short periods.
Second by second, Kahler noted his subjects words, tones, gestures, postures and facial expressions. He found that there were certain distinctive sets of behaviors which people consistently showed just before they moved into any kind of scripty behavior or feelings.
Kahler and his coworkers listed five of these second by second behavior sequences. They called them drivers. Further study showed that driver behavior was part of a wider pattern which Kahler called the miniscript.
Maritial games - Games People Play (Transactional analysis / TA is an integra...Manu Melwin Joy
Almost any game can form the scaffolding for married life and family living. Some of these games are tolerated longer, under the legal force of contractual intimacy.
Marital games can only be arbitrarily separated from sexual games .
Life scripts - Transactional analysis - Manu Melwin JoyManu Melwin Joy
The theory of script was developed by Eric Berne and his Co-workers, notably Claude Steiner, in the mid 1960’s.
The concept of script has grown in importance as a part of TA theory, until now it ranks with the ego state model as a central idea of TA.
In their work as therapist, Bob and Mary Goulding found that twelve themes emerged again and again as the basis for people’s negative early decisions. They developed the list of these twelve injunctions.
Racket analysis - Transactional Analysis - Manu Melwin JoyManu Melwin Joy
Any time your experience a racket feeling, you are in script.
As children, we use racket feeling to get our needs met in families.
We attempt to manipulate the environment so as to gain the parental support we gained in childhood by experiencing and showing these racket feelings.
A boy has been given Don’t exist injunction by his mother. To his little professor, the main priority is to work out a way of staying alive. One way is to take a counter injunction and use it to cover up the Don’t exist.
Phenomenological diagnosis (Transactional analysis / TA is an integrative app...Manu Melwin Joy
In phenomenological diagnosis, I may re – experience the past instead of just remembering it. According to Berne, Phenomenological validation only occurs…If the individual can re – experience the whole ego state in full intensity with little weathering
Ego states diagnosis in practice (Transactional analysis / TA is an integrati...Manu Melwin Joy
When we use TA in work with organizations, education or communication training, or simply to help our own everyday relations with others, we need to rely mainly on behavioral diagnosis.
Frame of reference and redefining - transactional analysis - Manu Melwin JoyManu Melwin Joy
The frame of reference is defined by the Schiffs as the structure of associated responses which integrates the various ego states in response to specific stimuli.
Achieving autonomy is the ultimate goal in transactional analysis.Being autonomous means being self governing, determining one’s own destiny, taking responsibility for one’s own actions and feelings and throwing off patterns that are irrelevant and inappropriate to living in the here and now
This injunction Don’t Be Close may imply a ban on physical closeness. In this form, it is often modeled by parents who seldom touch each other or the child.
Discounting and ego states (Transactional analysis / TA is an integrative app...Manu Melwin Joy
Discounting can be related to ego state pathology. Discounting may indicate the presence of contamination. That is to say : When I am discounting, I may be mis – perceiving reality to fit Parent or Child script beliefs, which I mistake for Adult thinking.
Eventually it dawns on us that what we are doing is not actually what is required. This is a period where, through feedback or our own insights, we stop denying the change and its effect. We start to question our abilities and so appear less confident and less competent, and this is how we feel too. Things are just not working out and so there is a feeling of frustration. At this stage we are thinking about the change. During this stage it is useful to recognise that we may feel angry and make arrangements in our life to let off steam safely.
Incongruity (Transactional analysis / TA is an integrative approach to the th...Manu Melwin Joy
When someone has executive power in a different ego state from that experienced in real self, there is a split between his behavior and his internal experience. In TA language, we say then that his behavior shows incongruity.
Passive behaviors - Discounting (Transactional analysis / TA is an integrativ...Manu Melwin Joy
When I discount, I do so by making statement to myself in my own head. Thus a discount itself is not observable. Since you can’t thought read, you have no way of knowing I am discounting unless I speak or act in some way which indicates the presence of the discount. These behaviors are known as passive behaviors.
Executive and real self (Transactional analysis / TA is an integrative approa...Manu Melwin Joy
When an ego state is dictating a person’s behavior, that ego state is said to have executive power. When a person experiences himself to be in a particular ego state, we say he is experiencing that ego state as his real self.
During this period a child will be developing the skills they think they will need in life and that fit their identity. From grownups in our life we gain options as to how we will structure our world. The decisions made in this stage are based on the decisions made in the early stage and so the skills and structure they develop are the ones the child sees relevant for their identity. Observing children at this stage we notice that at times they are alternatively helpful and compliant and at others testing. In fact they are testing their identity against the structures in their life to prove the validity of their decisions.
Constancy hypothesis (Transactional analysis / TA is an integrative approach ...Manu Melwin Joy
Jack Dusay suggested a constancy hypothesis - When one ego state increases in intensity, another or others must decrease in order to compensate. The shift in psychic energy occurs so that the total amount of energy may remain constant.
Stephen Karpman in his article Options developed the idea that we can choose to transact in whatever way we like. In particular, we can choose new way of transacting so as to break out of familiar uncomfortable locked interchanges with others.
A good game might be described as one whose social contribution overweighs the complexity of its motivations, particularly if the player has come in terms with those motivations without futility or cynicism. A good game contributes both to the well being of the other players and to the unfolding of the one who is it.
Script decisions represent the infant’s best strategy for surviving in a world which often seems hostile, even life threatening. Script decisions are made on the basis of an infant’s emotions and reality testing.
For a long time now it has been recognized that during any change people go through certain stages. These stages, as they progress over time, change the way we are seen by others and how we feel about ourselves. These stages can be plotted on a graph known as the Change or Competence Curve.
Using discounting matrix (Transactional analysis / TA is an integrative appro...Manu Melwin Joy
Whenever a problem is not being solved, some information relevant to the solution of that problem is being ignored. The discount matrix gives us a systematic way to pinpointing what information is being missed. This in turn provides guidance to the specific actions we need to take to solve the problem.
People moving toward autonomy expand their personal capacities for awareness, spontaneity and intimacy. As this occurs, they develop integrated adult ego states.
Filtering more and more Parent and Child material through their Adult and learning new behavior patterns are parts of the integrating process.
Intimacy means open sharing of feelings and wants between you and another person. In intimacy, feelings expressed are appropriate to finish the situation.
Structural pathology - Transactional AnalysisManu Melwin Joy
Berne suggests that ego boundaries can be thought of as semi permeable membranes through which psychic energy can flow from one ego state to another. Some people continually act in unpredictable ways and others are so predictable they seem monotonous. These disorders are caused by ego state boundaries which are too lax or tight, have lesions or overlap. This is known as structural pathology.
The clear thinking of the Adult is often spoiled by contamination. Contamination can be thought of as an intrusion of the Parent ego sate and / or the Child ego state into the boundary of the Adult ego state. Contamination occurs when the Adult accepts as true some unfounded Parent beliefs or Child distortions and rationalizes and justifies these attitudes.
Berne's energy theory - Cathexis (Transactional analysis / TA is an integrati...Manu Melwin Joy
Eric Berne developed a theoretical explanation of what happens when we shift executive power and our sense of real self between one ego state and another. Berne followed Freud in hypothesizing the concept of psychic energy or cathexis.
Structure and function (Transactional analysis / TA is an integrative approac...Manu Melwin Joy
To use the ego state model effectively, you need clear understanding of the differences between structure and function. The functional model classifies observed behavior. The structural model classifies stored memories and strategies.
In an ulterior transaction, two messages are conveyed at the same time. One of these is an overt or social level message. The other is a covert or psychological level message. Most often, the social level content is Adult-Adult. The psychological level messages are usually either Parent –Child or Child –Parent.
Berne suggested that the young child, early in the process of script formation already has certain convictions about himself and the people around him. These convictions are likely to stay with him the rest of his life.
Life scripts definitions (Transactional analysis / TA is an integrative app...Manu Melwin Joy
The theory of script was developed by Eric Berne and his Co-workers, notably Claude Steiner, in the mid 1960’s. The concept of script has grown in importance as a part of TA theory, until now it ranks with the ego state model as a central idea of TA.
The classification of scripts as winning, non winning and losing is only approximate. What may count as a non winning payoff to you may be a winning payoff to me.
What is unacceptable in my social circle may be OK in yours.
Threadbare - LIfe game - Transactional AnalysisManu Melwin Joy
The corresponding game among women in “threadbare”.
Often genteel, they take pains to be shabby.
They see to it that their earnings for good reasons never rise much above the abstinence level.
Doing nothing - Passive behavior - Discounting (Transactional analysis / TA i...Manu Melwin Joy
A person exhibiting doing nothing passive behavior feels uncomfortable and experiences himself as not thinking. He is discounting his own ability to do anything about the situation.
Indigents go from agency to agency seeking welfare funds. Even though they are supposed to look for other jobs, they devote actually little time for it and tend to remain in their current position. Antithesis consists in withholding the benefits.
The reason is that it gives us a way of understanding why people behave in the way they do. We specially need this understanding when we are examining ways of behaving that seem on the face of it to be painful or self defeating.
Socially, peasant is played in an innocent and a dissembled form, both with the motto “Gee You are wonderful, Mr. Murgatroyd”. The antithesis for the game is that therapist steadfastly refuses to give advice.
Script messages can be in the form of direct commands.
Don’t bother me, Do what you are told, Get lost etc.
Most parents bombard their parents with hundreds of commands like these. Their potency as script messages will depend on how often they are repeated and on the non verbal that go with them.
Even extroverts and closet introverts can benefit from many of these interview secrets. Introverts often feel especially challenged by an interview as any out of the ordinary communication can be worrisome. Given the level of importance attached to an interview, it may really ramp up nervousness and keep them from performing their best. If you are an introvert or want to perform your best during an upcoming interview – apply these interview secrets for a stellar performance.
Learning Objective: Increase professional leadership qualities, confidence, and competence
Are you playing the game, or is the game playing you? Great Leadership happens when you understand the game and sharpen the right tools to play effectively. Achieving greatness is no easy task. Each person has a unique path with its own set of challenges and obstacles to overcome. As emerging leaders, you must explore who you are and understand how all life experiences contribute value to your journey. On this path, most will discover that success is about embracing and using your individuality to achieve greatness. On this path, you will discover that great men make great leaders. What truly makes you great? Who do you consider great? This seminar will explore life and leadership while examining the impact of hip-hop culture and its impact on definitions and perspectives of success.
At the end of this seminar, participants will be able to:
a. Explore characteristics of great men and ways to maintain and gain respect.
b. Identify effective leadership qualities.
c. Examine basic “success” rules and ways to ways to manage corporate politics.
d. Discuss ways to overcome challenges and stereotypes.
e. Explore themes and lyrics of “hip hop” culture and its impact on perspectives of success.
Similar to Non winning script - life script (Transactional analysis / TA is an integrative approach to the theory of psychology and psychotherapy) (20)
Contracts for change - transactional analysis - Manu Melwin JoyManu Melwin Joy
Berne defined a contract as an explicit bilateral commitment to a well defined course of action.
James and Jongeward defined contract as an adult commitment to one’s self and/or someone else to make a change.
Symbiosis and script - transactional analysis - Manu Melwin JoyManu Melwin Joy
Thus in ideal parenting, the child’s caretaker will be employing Parent and Adult resources appropriately, while still not discounting her own Child. As the child grows, the parent will provide him with what is needed to complete each stage of development.
Healthy symbiosis - transactional analysis - Manu Melwin JoyManu Melwin Joy
For example, I have just come out from under anesthetic after an operation. Nurse is holding my hands and telling : “ You will be alright. Just hang one to my hand”. At that point, my Adult and Parent are out of commission.
Role of parent in frame of reference - transactional analysis - Manu Melwin...Manu Melwin Joy
The parent ego state plays a particularly important part in the formulation of the frame of reference. This is because our frame of reference consists of definitions of the world, self and others.
Frame of reference and ego states - transactional analysis - Manu Melwin JoyManu Melwin Joy
As an further aid to understanding the frame of reference, the Schiffs suggest that it can be thought of as a “skin that surrounds the ego states binding them together.
Frame of reference - transactional analysis - Manu Melwin JoyManu Melwin Joy
The frame of reference is defined by the Schiffs as the structure of associated responses which integrates the various ego states in response to specific stimuli.
Your miniscript patterns - transactional analysis - Manu Melwin JoyManu Melwin Joy
Think of some recent situations in which you responded to stress by feeling bad. In your imagination, re-play each situation up to the point where you just began experiencing the bad feeling.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
2. Prepared By
Manu Melwin Joy
Research Scholar
School of Management Studies
CUSAT, Kerala, India.
Phone – 9744551114
Mail – manu_melwinjoy@yahoo.com
Kindly restrict the use of slides for personal purpose.
Please seek permission to reproduce the same in public
forms and presentations.
3. Non Winning Script
• Someone with a non-
winning script is a middle
of the roader.
• He plods along from day
to day, not making any
big winds but not making
any big losses either.
• He doesn’t take risk. This
kind of script pattern is
often called banal.
4. Non Winning Script
• At work, a non-winner will
not become the boss. He will
not be fired either.
• Instead, he will likely serve
out his working years, be
awarded a marble clock, and
go into quiet retirement.
• He may sit in his rocking
chair reflecting : “ I could
have been the boss if only I
did been the right place at
the right time. Ah, well, I
didn’t do so bad, I suppose.”
5. Winners, Losers and non winners
• Berne suggested that you
could tell a winner from a
loser by asking him what he
would do if he lost.
• He said a winner knows but
doesn’t talk about it.
• A loser doesn’t know and all
he talk about is winning :
‘When I make my first
million…’.
• He stakes everything on one
option and that is how he
loses.
6. Winners, Losers and non winners
• A winner always has
additional options, and that is
how he wins. If one thing
doesn’t work out, he does
something else until he is
successful.
• A non-winner sometimes wins
and sometime loses, but
never very big in either
direction, because he doesn’t
take risks.
• He plays it safe, and that is
how he remains a non-winner.