1. The document describes an incident where Mak Cik Yam was shopping with a heavy trolley that lost control on an escalator and fatally struck Pak Din. 2. It provides details of the shopping trip, the trolley losing control and impacting Pak Din near the escalator. 3. The group needs to calculate the trolley's motion, energy and momentum using equations to determine the physics behind Pak Din's death.

1. Group Members :
1.Firdaus
2.Nazhif
3.Faiq
4.Afiqah

2. Problem statement
TO INVESTIGATE HOW THE PHYSICS PHENOMENA
CAUSING THE DEATH OF PAK DIN.

3. Synopsis
• On 21/3/2014 – Mak Cik Yam went to Tesco to shop for her daughter’s wedding
occasion .
• After buying about 400 kg of groceries at the store , Mak Cik Yam asked for a
bigger trolley to transport her item to the car.
• On her way to her car, Mak Cik Yam must go down to the escalator.
• At the same time Pak Din just finished buying item he needed. The shop that Pak
Cik Din just come out is situated 2 meter from the escalator
• On her way down the escalator , Mak Cik Yam cannot hold down the trolley
because it had no magnetize wheels and contain many load.
• At the same time Pak Din had just went out from the store . He was busy
checking the item he bought that he did not notice a trolley moving fast toward
him.
• The trolley impact him about 2 meter from the escalator . The collision was so
great that Pak Din was thrown away and the impact cause him to die .

4. JUST A COMPARISON PICTURE OF
MAK CIK YAM TROLLEY LOAD.

6. 3 K’S
KNOW DON’T KNOW NEED TO KNOW
-Load of trolley =400kg
-Time taken for the
-Height of the
trolley to reach Pak Din
escalator is 4m
.
-Length of the
-Acceleration of the
escalator is 4m
trolley.
-The gradient of the
-Kinetic Energy and
escalator is 5m
Potential Energy of the
-The trolley wheel
trolley.
doesn’t have magnet .
-The velocity of the
-Pak Din is 2m from the
trolley
escalator ,
-The speed of the
-The surface is
trolley.
frictionless .
-The type of collision .
-Pak Din was thrown
backwards during the
impact and die.
- Please refer to the
mahjong paper.

7. What are the physical calculation needed to solve the
problem :
1. Motion of equation
2. Law of motion
3. Work and energy
4. Momentum & Impulse

8. • equations of motion are equations that describe the
behaviour of a physical system in terms of its motion as
a function of time.
• There are a variety of quantities associated with the
motion of objects - displacement (and distance),
velocity (and speed), acceleration, and time.
• SUVAT equations:
s = displacement
u = initial velocity
v = final velocity,
a = acceleration
t = time

9. • Newton's First Law of Motion:
I. Every object in a state of uniform motion tends to remain in that state of
motion unless an external force is applied to it.
This we recognize as essentially concept of inertia, and this is often termed simply
the "Law of Inertia".
• Newton's Second Law of Motion:
II. The relationship between an object's mass m, its acceleration a, and the applied
force F is F = ma. Acceleration and force are vectors (as indicated by their symbols
being displayed in slant bold font); in this law the direction of the force vector is
the same as the direction of the acceleration vector.
• Newton's Third Law of Motion:
III. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
This law is exemplified by what happens if we step off a boat onto the bank of a
lake: as we move in the direction of the shore, the boat tends to move in the
opposite direction.

10. • Work Equation
Mathematically, work can be expressed by the following equation:
W = F • d • cos Θ
F is the force, d is the displacement, and the angle (theta) is defined as the angle between
the force and the displacement vector.
The Joule is the unit of work.
1 Joule = 1 Newton * 1 meter
1 J = 1 N * m

11. • Gravitational Potential Energy
• Gravitational potential energy is the energy stored in an object as the result of its
vertical position or height.
• The energy is stored as the result of the gravitational attraction of the Earth for the
object.
PEgrav = mass • g • height
PEgrav = m *• g • h
• In the above equation, m represents the mass of the object, h represents the height of
the object and g represents the gravitational field strength (9.8 N/kg on Earth).

12. • Kinetic Energy
• Kinetic energy is the energy of motion.
• An object that has motion - whether it is vertical or horizontal motion - has kinetic
energy.
• The amount of translational kinetic energy that an object has depends upon two
variables: the mass (m) of the object and the speed (v) of the object.
• The formula of kinetic energy is the same as potential energy.

13. • Momentum
• Momentum can be defined as "mass in motion.“
• The amount of momentum that an object has is dependent upon two variables: how
much stuff is moving and how fast the stuff is moving.
• Momentum depends upon the variables mass and velocity. In terms of an equation,
the momentum of an object is equal to the mass of the object times the velocity of the
object.
p = m • v
where m is the mass and v is the velocity.

14. Impulse
• In physics, the quantity Force • time is known as impulse.
• Since the quantity m•v is the momentum, the quantity m•Δv must be the change in
momentum.
F • t = m • Δv
Impulse = Change in momentum
Collision
• The law of conservation of momentum is not enough to determine the motion of
particles after a collision.
• Another property of the motion, kinetic energy, must be known. This is not necessarily
conserved.
• If it is conserved, the collision is called an elastic collision; if not, it is an inelastic collision.
Elastic Collision:
Inelastic Collision:

16. • With the load of the trolley is 400 kg and moving with the final velocity of 7.74
m/s and speed of 1.537 m/s, when it hit Pak Cik Din he was thrown backward
and died .
• This shown that load and velocity applied on the trolley can cause Pak Din to die
tragically and logically.