Have you gone above the speed limit or driven without a license and gotten away? Well, you can’t get away with breaking the laws of physics! This session will highlight:
• Why loads rotate, shift and swing
• Load Stability and how to understand and control mobility
• Predicting outcomes of load moving based on physical laws
• Internal and external forces and restraint
• Choosing the most economical and practical equipment for a job
Speaker: Don Mahnke, President, Hydra-Slide, Ltd.
the relation between force and motion id described in Newtons three laws of motion. These laws are very simple statements and enable us to describe the future (or past) motion of body if we know the forces acting on it.
Force and Mass;
Types of Forces;
Contact forces;
Field forces;
Newtons laws of motion;
Explanation;
It’s not Newton’s Laws;
Its Rishi Kanad laws;
Proof of stolen three laws of motion; how newton theft the laws ?
newton a modern thief?
laws of motion by Rishi Kanad
Vaisheshika - laws of motion
Comparision - Kanad rishi vs Newton
References for theft
Similar to 2017 CRW: Breakout Session 2: Unbreakable Laws: Physics of a Move (20)
Breakout Session: How the Latest Regulations Impact Your Business
Regulations impact every part of your operation so it’s important to continuously evaluate your Risk Management/Safety Plan and initiatives against the 2019/2020 regulatory landscape. In this session, gain unique insights into upcoming changes to the FMCSA Compliance, Safety, Accountability (CSA) program, timely details on the upcoming CDL Drug & Alcohol Clearinghouse mandate, the likely Hours-of-Service (HOS) rule changes, as well as an important enforcement information related to final ELD compliance date in December.
Speaker: Dave Osiecki, President and CEO, Scopelitis Transportation Consulting, LLC
Breakout Session: Understanding Ground Bearing Capacities
Ground stability is one of the most important factors to be considered with crane set up. This session will review the underlying physics and reaction forces, as well as group pressures. Learn best practices in ground stabilization methods and techniques including crane pads and mats; cribbing and shoring; crawler crane pads and more.
Speakers: Jeff Steiner, Owner, Bigfoot Construction Equipment
Mike Walsh, President, Dearborn Companies
Breakout Session: Insurance Q&A: Ask the Industry Expert
This session will be an open discussion about what to do to help protect your company before you have a claim, what changes you can make to put your company in a better position to defend it, and tips to prepare for attorney tactics. Bring your questions for our expert to answer.
Speaker: Bill Smith, EVP, Claims & Risk Management, NIBS (NationsBuilder Insurance Services, Inc.)
Breakout Session: How to Use Data to Revitalize Your Marketing
During this informative round-table discussion, three heavy-construction industry professionals with experience in publishing, marketing, and digital analytics will discuss proven strategies for using information to drive brand awareness and sales. The discussion will cover advertising best practices; fundamentals of brand strategy; and demystifying SEO. Learn how to use analytics, research, and good-old-fashioned listening to drive brand value.
Panelists: Tim Hillegonds, Chief Strategist, Thrive Creative
Trevor Pease, President & COO, KHL Group Americas
Izzy Crouch, Campaign & Traffic Analyst, KHL Group
Breakout Session: Tech Trends in Crane & Rigging
The impact of technology on your personal life is obvious. But are you leveraging the latest technology to make your company more efficient and safer? Learn from a panel of experts about the benefits and limitations of emerging technology and how it will affect the industry.
Panelists: Ted Blanton, Founder and Consultant, North American Crane Bureau (NACB)
David Thornton, Senior Technical Product Manager, Fleet Cost & Care
Tawnia Weiss, President, AIA Software
Breakout Session: Tech Trends in Crane & Rigging
The impact of technology on your personal life is obvious. But are you leveraging the latest technology to make your company more efficient and safer? Learn from a panel of experts about the benefits and limitations of emerging technology and how it will affect the industry.
Panelists: Ted Blanton, Founder and Consultant, North American Crane Bureau (NACB)
David Thornton, Senior Technical Product Manager, Fleet Cost & Care
Tawnia Weiss, President, AIA Software
Breakout Session: Tech Trends in Crane & Rigging
The impact of technology on your personal life is obvious. But are you leveraging the latest technology to make your company more efficient and safer? Learn from a panel of experts about the benefits and limitations of emerging technology and how it will affect the industry.
Panelists: Ted Blanton, Founder and Consultant, North American Crane Bureau (NACB)
David Thornton, Senior Technical Product Manager, Fleet Cost & Care
Tawnia Weiss, President, AIA Software
Breakout Session: Inside Scoop: How Crane Operator Certification and Evaluation is Really Going
Nearly a year after OSHA published its final rule on Operator Qualification, some companies still have questions about training and certification. How should employers evaluate their operators, and how often? What documentation is required? What implications, if any, are there to existing crane operator certifications? Hear from an industry expert on how his company implemented the requirements and learn the latest developments from NCCCO leadership.
Speakers: Bret Shields, Director of Safety, Buckner HeavyLift Cranes
Thom Sicklesteel, CEO, National Commission for the Certification of Crane Operators (NCCCO)
Breakout Session: Design, Fabrication and Testing of Cantilever Beams and Triangle Plates
Cantilever beams and triangle plates are valuable specialty rigging tools, but the engineering fundamentals behind their design and use are simpler than they may appear. This presentation will provide examples of commonly used rigging applications and will identify resources for design, fabrication, load testing and lift planning.
Speaker: Chad Fox, PE, Project Manager, ruby+associates
Breakout Session: Understanding Ground Bearing Capacities
Ground stability is one of the most important factors to be considered with crane set up. This session will review the underlying physics and reaction forces, as well as group pressures. Learn best practices in ground stabilization methods and techniques including crane pads and mats; cribbing and shoring; crawler crane pads and more.
Speakers: Jeff Steiner, Owner, Bigfoot Construction Equipment
Mike Walsh, President, Dearborn Companies
Breakout Session: Navigating the Haze of Legalized Marijuana in the Construction Industry
With 17 states having legalized marijuana, companies are left to figure out how to address the legal and practical aspects of marijuana usage. Learn how companies from the U.S. and Canada are tackling the issue and what you can do today to start managing it within your own company.
Panelists: Pat Collins, Director, Product Marketing, Link-Belt Cranes
Ryan Long, Regional Operations Manager, Irving Equipment Limited
Bob Picken,Vice President Global Risk Management, Sterling Crane
Victoria O’Neil, Health & Safety Coordinator, Matcom
Breakout Session: Navigating the Haze of Legalized Marijuana in the Construction Industry
With 17 states having legalized marijuana, companies are left to figure out how to address the legal and practical aspects of marijuana usage. Learn how companies from the U.S. and Canada are tackling the issue and what you can do today to start managing it within your own company.
Panelists: Pat Collins, Director, Product Marketing, Link-Belt Cranes
Ryan Long, Regional Operations Manager, Irving Equipment Limited
Bob Picken,Vice President Global Risk Management, Sterling Crane
Victoria O’Neil, Health & Safety Coordinator, Matcom
Breakout Session: Navigating the Haze of Legalized Marijuana in the Construction Industry
With 17 states having legalized marijuana, companies are left to figure out how to address the legal and practical aspects of marijuana usage. Learn how companies from the U.S. and Canada are tackling the issue and what you can do today to start managing it within your own company.
Panelists: Pat Collins, Director, Product Marketing, Link-Belt Cranes
Ryan Long, Regional Operations Manager, Irving Equipment Limited
Bob Picken,Vice President Global Risk Management, Sterling Crane
Victoria O’Neil, Health & Safety Coordinator, Matcom
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
7. 2011-present
DESIGN – MANUFACTURING - SALES
• Heavy Track Skidding Systems
• Low Profile Skidding Systems
• Synchronous Power Units
• Hydraulic Turntables
• Ekki Jacking Timbers
• Alignment Shoes
• Climbing Jacks
8. Why do we care about Physics?
• We generally think only of weight and size.
What happens when we start to move things?
9. Why do we care about Physics?
• We generally think only of weight and size.
What happens when we start to move things?
• Forensic Engineers use the Laws of Physics to
look at the underlying causes of accidents
10. Why do we care about Physics?
• We generally think only of weight and size.
What happens when we start to move things?
• Forensic Engineers use the Laws of Physics to
look at the underlying causes of accidents
• Laws of Physics can be used to predict what will
happen in order to prevent occurrences
11. Why do we care about Physics?
• We generally think only of weight and size.
What happens when we start to move things?
• Forensic Engineers use the Laws of Physics to
look at the underlying causes of accidents
• Laws of Physics can be used to predict what will
happen in order to prevent occurrences
• Let’s look at what happens when you try to break
laws of physics
14. What We’ll Cover
• Newton’s Laws of Motion
• Types of Forces
• Weight (gravity)
• Inertia/Momentum (Kinetic Energy)
• Centrifugal Force
• Impact Force
• Wind Force
15. What We’ll Cover
• Newton’s Laws of Motion
• Types of Forces
• Weight (gravity)
• Inertia/Momentum (Kinetic Energy)
• Centrifugal Force
• Impact Force
• Wind Force
• Stability
• Airplanes/Barges/Railcars/Trucks/Cranes
16. What We’ll Cover
• Newton’s Laws of Motion
• Types of Forces
• Weight (gravity)
• Inertia/Momentum (Kinetic Energy)
• Centrifugal Force
• Impact Force
• Wind Force
• Stability
• Airplanes/Barges/Railcars/Trucks/Cranes
• Force – Work – Power
17. What We’ll Cover
• Newton’s Laws of Motion
• Types of Forces
• Weight (gravity)
• Inertia/Momentum (Kinetic Energy)
• Centrifugal Force
• Impact Force
• Wind Force
• Stability
• Airplanes/Barges/Railcars/Trucks/Cranes
• Force – Work – Power
• Choosing the right equipment
18. What We’ll Cover
• Newton’s Laws of Motion
• Types of Forces
• Weight (gravity)
• Inertia/Momentum (Kinetic Energy)
• Centrifugal Force
• Impact Force
• Wind Force
• Stability
• Airplanes/Barges/Railcars/Trucks/Cranes
• Force – Work – Power
• Choosing the right equipment
• First Hydra-Slide Skid System
19. LAWS OF PHYSICS (Newton’s Laws of Motion)
Sir Isaac Newton
1643 - 1727
First law:
?
Second law:
?
Third law:
?
20. LAWS OF PHYSICS (Newton’s Laws of Motion)
First law:
An object will remain at rest or move at a constant
velocity, unless acted upon by an external force.
Second law:
?
Third law:
?
21. LAWS OF PHYSICS (Newton’s Laws of Motion)
First law:
An object will remain at rest or move at a constant
velocity, unless acted upon by an external force.
Second law:
?
Third law:
?
22. LAWS OF PHYSICS (Newton’s Laws of Motion)
First law:
An object will remain at rest or move at a constant
velocity, unless acted upon by an external force.
Second law:
Acceleration and force are vectors; an object will
accelerate in the same direction as the direction of
the net force applied. (F = ma).
Third law:
?
A Force acts on an object
23. LAWS OF PHYSICS (Newton’s Laws of Motion)
First law:
An object will remain at rest or move at a constant
velocity, unless acted upon by an external force.
Second law:
Acceleration and force are vectors; an object will
accelerate in the same direction as the direction of
the net force applied. (F = ma).
Third law:
?
The Force has both Magnitude
and Direction
24. LAWS OF PHYSICS (Newton’s Laws of Motion)
First law:
An object will remain at rest or move at a constant
velocity, unless acted upon by an external force.
Second law:
Acceleration and force are vectors; an object will
accelerate in the same direction as the direction of
the net force applied. (F = ma).
Third law:
?
The object moves in the
direction of the Force
25. LAWS OF PHYSICS (Newton’s Laws of Motion)
First law:
An object will remain at rest or move at a constant
velocity, unless acted upon by an external force.
Second law:
Acceleration and force are vectors; an object will
accelerate in the same direction as the direction of
the net force applied. (F = ma).
Third law:
?
The Force can be broken down into
Its Horizontal and Vertical components
26. LAWS OF PHYSICS (Newton’s Laws of Motion)
First law:
An object will remain at rest or move at a constant
velocity, unless acted upon by an external force.
Second law:
Acceleration and force are vectors; an object will
accelerate in the same direction as the direction of
the net force applied. (F = ma).
Third law:
For every action there is an equal and opposite
reaction.
27. LAWS OF PHYSICS (Newton’s Laws of Motion)
First law:
An object will remain at rest or move at a constant
velocity, unless acted upon by an external force.
Second law:
Acceleration and force are vectors; an object will
accelerate in the same direction as the direction of
the net force applied. (F = ma).
Third law:
For every action there is an equal and opposite
reaction.
28. Force as a Vector
Example:
• Spreader Bars
Estimate Sling Forces
29. Force as a Vector
Example:
• Spreader Bars
Typical Spreader Bar
30. Force as a Vector
Example:
• Spreader Bars
Measure Bar Length
and Sling length.
Draw to scale
31. Force as a Vector
Example:
• Spreader Bars
Draw load weight vectors
To scale
50,000 lbs 50,000 lbs
x
32. Force as a Vector
Example:
• Spreader Bars
Vertical component in top
Slings must be same as
load weight vectors.
(Equilibrium)
x
x
33. Force as a Vector
Example:
• Spreader Bars
Force in sling is along sling axis
34. Force as a Vector
Example:
• Spreader Bars
Measure length of sling Force
(using same scale)
50,000 lbs 50,000 lbs
57,350 lbs
35. Weight
• Weight is a Force that is a result of
Gravity acting on a Mass.
36. Weight
• Weight is a Force that is a result of
Gravity acting on a Mass.
• It never changes unless the Mass changes
37. Weight
• Weight is a Force that is a result of
Gravity acting on a Mass.
• It never changes unless the Mass changes
• The Force can be considered acting at its
Center of Gravity (or Center of Mass)
38. Weight
• Weight is a Force that is a result of
Gravity acting on a Mass.
• It never changes unless the Mass changes
• The Force can be considered acting at its
Center of Gravity (or Center of Mass)
• It always acts straight down
40. Inertia and Momentum
• Inertia is a tendency to do nothing or
to remain unchanged.
• Momentum is the quantity of motion
of a moving body, measured as a
product of its mass and velocity.
p = m v
41. Inertia and Momentum
• Inertia is a tendency to do nothing or
to remain unchanged.
• Momentum is the quantity of motion
of a moving body, measured as a
product of its mass and velocity.
p = m v
• Kinetic Energy is the energy that a
body possesses by virtue of being in
motion.
KE = ½mv2
43. Centrifugal Force
• Centrifugal Force is known as a
“fictitious” force
• It is a reaction to the pull towards the
center of the curve (Newton’s Third Law)
44. Centrifugal Force
• Centrifugal Force is known as a
“fictitious” force
• It is a reaction to the pull towards the
center of the curve (Newton’s Third Law)
• The object wants to continue moving in
a straight line (Newton’s First Law) but is
being pulled towards the center of the
curve. It is being accelerated towards
the center. a = v2
r
46. Centrifugal Force
Example:
80,000 lb. truck going around a 100’ radius
curve at 30 mph (44 ft/sec)
F = m x a
Force = Wt x v2
= 80,000 x (44)2
g r 32.2 100
= 48,000 lbs
47. When stationary, the total force in the sling is equal
to the weight of the object.
But what if the load falls?
The impact force generated when the load is
stopped depends on three factors:
• The load’s weight
• The distance of the fall (which determines
time and velocity)
• The stopping distance
Impact Forces
48. Example: A one-ton load falls for one foot and
when it’s caught, the sling stretches by one
inch while arresting the load.
Impact Forces
49. Example: A one-ton load falls for one foot and
when it’s caught, the sling stretches by one
inch while arresting the load.
______
t = √2h/g where g = 32.2 ft/s2
= 0.25 s
_____
V = √2gh = 8.1 ft/s
Impact Forces
50. Example: A one-ton load falls for one foot and
when it’s caught, the sling stretches by one
inch while arresting the load.
______
t = √2h/g where g = 32.2 ft/s2
= 0.25 s
_____
V = √2gh = 8.1 ft/s
The load takes a quarter of a second to
travel one foot, and is moving at 8.1 ft/s.
(about 5.5 mph)
Impact Forces
51. The load’s kinetic energy is:
KE = 1/2mv2
= 65600 lb∙ft2/s2
and all this energy is absorbed by the slings in one inch:
F = KE = 65600 lb∙ft2/s2
d 0.083 ft
F = 790500 lb∙ft/s2
The equivalent of 24500 lbs
about 12 times the weight of the load.
Impact Forces
12 ton
54. Wind
Forces
Example: Wind Force on a 15’ x 20’ panel
Gentle Breeze 10 mph Force = 105 lbs
Strong Breeze 30 mph Force = 945 lbs
Storm 70 mph Force = 5,145 lbs
57. Wind Forces
How much wind would
be needed to blow over
this truck?
Truck Righting Moment = 15,000 x 4’-0”
= 60,000 ft-lbs
Wind Force must be more than this
Wind x 8’6” > 60,000
Wind Force > 7,058 lbs
If projected area is about 53’ x 8’-6” = 450 ft2
Wind Pressure = 7058/450
= 15.7 psf (more than 67 mph)
74. Barge Stability Ballasting to maintain
Stability during roll-on.
Pre-ballast
Water is added into the
barge equivalent to the
weight coming on
75. Barge Stability Ballasting to maintain
Stability during roll-on.
Pre-ballast
Water is added into the
barge equivalent to the
weight coming on
Water is added to the wing
tanks to be used for leveling
barge
76. Barge Stability Ballasting to maintain
Stability during roll-on.
Pre-ballast
Water is added into the
barge equivalent to the
weight coming on
Water is added to the wing
tanks to be used for leveling
barge
Additional water can be
added to bring the barge
level to the dock
78. Barge Stability Roll-on
Water is moved from one
side tank to the other to
keep barge level
Water is pumped out of
center tank to offset the
weight coming on
79. Barge Stability Roll-on
Water is moved from one
side tank to the other to
keep barge level
Water is pumped out of
center tank to offset the
weight coming on
80. Barge Stability
With weight fully on barge
and moving towards center
water is pumped back to
first wing tank to keep
barge level
81. Barge Stability
With weight fully on barge
and moving towards center
water is pumped back to
first wing tank to keep
barge level
84. Barge Stability
A potentially dangerous
condition if water is left
in barge during transit
The ballast water can
slosh from side to side
causing decreased
stability
87. Railcar Stability
Railways move a lot of high volume cargo and their track systems
are designed for high speed movement
Movement of large and heavy objects often presents particular
problems for the Railways
115. Crane Swinging a Load
Use Laws of Physics
to predict path of Load
116. Crane Swinging a Load
Use Laws of Physics
to predict path of Load
Crane starts to swing
but load lags behind
due to Inertia.
(Newton’s first Law)
117. Crane Swinging a Load
Use Laws of Physics
to predict path of Load
Crane continues to swing
And load starts to move.
As it picks up speed
Centrifugal Force causes it
to move outward
118. Crane Swinging a Load
Use Laws of Physics
to predict path of Load
Crane continues to swing.
Load moves in a circular path
but at a larger radius
119. Crane Swinging a Load
Use Laws of Physics
to predict path of Load
Crane stops swinging.
Load continues to move
in a circular path at
a larger radius.
120. Crane Swinging a Load
Use Laws of Physics
to predict path of Load
Load continues to move
in a pendulum motion
causing various side loads
on crane.
121. Crane Swinging a Load
Use Laws of Physics
to predict path of Load
Load lags behind crane and
Then swings at a wider radius.
Thanks to NCSG for Simulator Video
122. Crane Swinging a Load
Use Laws of Physics
to predict path of Load
Load lags behind crane
causing sideload on boom
Thanks to NCSG for Simulator Video
123. Crane Swinging a Load
Use Laws of Physics
to predict path of Load
Load lags behind crane
causing sideload on boom
Thanks to NCSG for Simulator Video
124. Crane Swinging a Load
Use Laws of Physics
to predict path of Load
Load swings at a wider radius
Causing potential overload
Thanks to NCSG for Simulator Video
125. Crane Swinging a Load
Use Laws of Physics
to predict path of Load
Load swings at a wider radius
Causing potential overload
Thanks to NCSG for Simulator Video
132. FORCE – WORK - POWER
Force - a Force is defined as any external effort that can cause an object with mass to change its
velocity.
Force can also be described as a push or a pull that has both magnitude and direction, making it a
vector quantity.
The man in the picture below is applying a push Force on the car in a forward direction.
133. FORCE – WORK - POWER
Work - a force is said to do Work when it acts on a body, and causes a displacement in the direction of
the force.
If, as a result of his pushing Force, the car moved forward a certain distance, he has done Work.
134. FORCE – WORK - POWER
Power - Power is the rate of doing work.
It is equivalent to an amount of energy consumed per unit time.
If you consider the time it took to move the car a certain distance, you can calculate the Power.
135. FORCE – WORK - POWER
Application in hydraulics:
If you want to raise an object to a height
• The Force required will be equal to its weight
• The Work required will be equal to its weight times the height of the lift.
(For any given situation these quantities will be fixed)
• The Power required to do it can vary and will depend solely on how fast you want to do it.
136. FORCE – WORK - POWER
Example:
• If you want to lift a 100,000 lb. load up 1 foot
the Work required will be 1 x 100,000 = 100,000 ft-lbf
• If it is done in 2 seconds,
the Power required will be 100,000/2 = 50000 ft-lbsf/sec (or about 100 HP)
• If the same lift is done over 30 seconds,
the Power required will be 100,000/30 = 3330 ft-lbsf/sec (or about 6 HP)
In Hydraulics, it is possible to produce very high Forces and do a large amount of Work with
relatively low Power (but taking a longer time)
137. Cranes are one of the most common and useful pieces of equipment on a
construction site but may not always be the best choice for moving loads
horizontally.
Choosing the right equipment for the job
Often more than one “right” choice
138. Cranes are one of the most common and useful pieces of equipment on a
construction site but may not always be the best choice for moving loads
horizontally.
• Technical Constraints
• Crane availability
• Limits on crane setup space
• Limits on pick and set area
• Overhead clearances and obstructions
Choosing the right equipment for the job
Often more than one “right” choice
139. Cranes are one of the most common and useful pieces of equipment on a
construction site but may not always be the best choice for moving loads
horizontally.
• Technical Constraints
• Crane availability
• Limits on crane setup space
• Limits on pick and set area
• Overhead clearances and obstructions
• Safety & Risk Assessment
Choosing the right equipment for the job
Often more than one “right” choice
140. Cranes are one of the most common and useful pieces of equipment on a
construction site but may not always be the best choice for moving loads
horizontally.
• Technical Constraints
• Crane availability
• Limits on crane setup space
• Limits on pick and set area
• Overhead clearances and obstructions
• Safety & Risk Assessment
• Financial
• Crane costs vs. benefits
Choosing the right equipment for the job
Often more than one “right” choice
141. A 145 ton transformer needs to be
placed on the pad in the foreground.
What is the best way to do it?.......Is
this a job for a crane?
Choosing the right equipment for the job
Often more than one “right” choice
Consider
• Suitability and capacity of
available equipment
• Work space availability
• Safety considerations
• Schedule constraints
• Crew expertise
142. Transformer 290,000 lbs
Block/Rigging 10,000 lbs
Total Lift 300,000 lbs
• Let’s look at the information for an
800 ton Demag mobile crane to see
if it can do the job.
• Find the operating range in the load
chart for placing the 145 ton
transformer.
Choosing the right equipment for the job
143. Transformer 290,000 lbs
Block/Rigging 10,000 lbs
Total Lift 300,000 lbs
• Let’s look at the information for an
800 ton Demag mobile crane to see
if it can do the job.
• Find the operating range in the load
chart for placing the 145 ton
transformer.
Choosing the right equipment for the job
144. Transformer 290,000 lbs
Block/Rigging 10,000 lbs
Total Lift 300,000 lbs
• Let’s look at the information for an
800 ton Demag mobile crane to see
if it can do the job.
• Find the operating range in the load
chart for placing the 145 ton
transformer.
Choosing the right equipment for the job
145. • In this case it is determined that the crane has sufficient capacity to lift and place the
transformer and there was sufficient access.
• However, the crane was not chosen…..Why?
• Other considerations:
• The crane was not available at the required time
• The crane would be very expensive to mobilize
• When the Power Station is complete there will not be overhead clearances for the
crane, so it could not be used for a change-out.
• The contractor had just purchased a skid system
• Skidding was considered less disruptive to other operations at the construction
site.
Choosing the right equipment for the job
148. A hydraulic skidding system, sometimes referred to as
a Jack and Slide System
It is a horizontal load handling method that involves hydraulic
cylinders pushing (or pulling) shoes that carry a load over a
controlled friction surface on a guided track.
The force is applied directly to the skid shoe and is completely
contained within the system.
A Case for Skidding Systems
149. • The ability to move extremely heavy loads.
• The load sits on skid shoes which are
pushed by hydraulic cylinders.
• The load is never freely suspended
• High friction reduces risk of uncontrolled
movement
• No "external forces" and no holdbacks are
required.
• Simple setup.
• Low height for optimum stability
A Case for Skidding Systems
150. • Newton’s First Law
• Load moves slowly so no appreciable Momentum or Kinetic
Energy. Run away is restricted by friction force.
A Case for Skidding Systems
151. • Newton’s First Law
• Load moves slowly so no appreciable Momentum or Kinetic
Energy. Run away is restricted by friction force.
• Newton’s Second Law
• Forces are inline with direction of move and load moves in
same direction. No centrifugal forces.
A Case for Skidding Systems
152. • Newton’s First Law
• Load moves slowly so no appreciable Momentum or Kinetic
Energy. Run away is restricted by friction force.
• Newton’s Second Law
• Forces are inline with direction of move and load moves in
same direction. No centrifugal forces.
• Newton’s Third Law
• Reaction to pushing force is contained within track and no
external forces.
A Case for Skidding Systems