Maritime operation assignment imo
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The document provides information about the International Maritime Organization (IMO): 1) IMO is a specialized UN agency responsible for regulating international shipping and balancing environmental protection with navigation rights. 2) IMO's main role is to create a universally adopted regulatory framework to govern the shipping industry in a fair and effective manner. 3) IMO has over 170 member states and develops global conventions and regulations covering all aspects of maritime safety and security, as well as preventing pollution from ships.
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Maritime operation assignment imo
- 1. MARITIME OPERATION LOB-10103 L01-T02 GROUP 4 LECTURER: SIR AMAYROL INTERNATIONALINTERNATIONAL MARITIMEMARITIME ORGANIZATIONORGANIZATION
- 2. 2 NAME ID NUMBER 1. AMMAR ASRAF BIN JEFRI DIN 56212116073 2. MOHD RIDZUWAN BIN ABDUL RAHMAN 56212116093 3. MUHAMMAD FAISAL BIN MOHD ALUEI 56212116018 4. MUHAMMAD FIRDHAUS BIN MUHD SAKAFF 56212116072
- 3. 3
- 4. • The International Maritime Organization (IMO), is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for regulating shipping. • Maintains balance between protection of the environment and navigation rights • ‘Safe, secure and efficient shipping on clean oceans’ 4
- 5. • Its main role is to create a regulatory framework for the shipping industry that is fair and effective, universally adopted and universally implemented. 5
- 7. • In 1948 an international conference in Geneva adopted a convention formally establishing IMO or previously IMCO. • The IMO Convention entered into force in 1958 and the new Organization met for the first time the following year. • IMO's first task was to adopt a new version of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) in 1960. 7
- 8. • 171 Members • All major ship owning nations • All major port & coastal states • Industry Peak bodies • IGOs and NGOs • Malaysia join on 1971 and become council member on 2005 8
- 9. • Develops global regulations - maintain safety and security of international shipping and to prevent marine pollution from ships • Involved in creating liability and compensation regimes • Adopts instruments (legislation) and guidelines at the intergovernmental level • Member Governments are responsible for implementing and enforcing the adopted regulatory framework.
- 10. • Conventions or Protocols • Amendments to Conventions or Protocols • Resolutions, Codes, Guidelines, Recommendations, etc. • 60 legal instruments that guide the regulatory development of its member states. • The phases from adoption to implementation and enforcement: – Adoption, after discussion in IMO – Entry into force internationally – Implementation (by flag States) – Enforcement (by port and coastal States)
- 11. • Assembly • Council Committees • Maritime Safety • Marine Environment Protection • Legal • Technical Cooperation • Facilitation
- 12. • Maritime Safety Committee – Safety pre-eminent importance • Navigation • Marine Environment Protection Committee – Focus pollution prevention and reposnse – Biological concerns with aquatic nuisance species transferred through ballast water and biofouling – Individual animal issues • Ship strikes of right whales
- 13. • The Legal Committee - legal matters within the IMO's scope - international treaty instruments. • The Technical Cooperation Committee - Guidelines and assistance to developing countries in maritime transport - monitor the program • The Facilitation Committee - facilitating international maritime traffic through simplifying international documentation required of ships.
- 14. 14 Every 2 years Every 6 month
- 15. • Mr.Kitack Lim • From Korea • Mr. Lim was appointed Commissioner of the Korean Maritime Safety Tribunal (KMST). • In July 2012, he assumed the position of President of Busan Port Authority. 15
- 16. IncidentIncident Proposal to IMOProposal to IMO CommitteeCommittee Discussion, referDiscussion, refer to Sub-Committee,to Sub-Committee, Working GroupWorking Group Development of draftDevelopment of draft Regulation, circular,Regulation, circular, Code or resolutionCode or resolution Adoption ofAdoption of new regulationnew regulation IdeaIdea DevelopmentDevelopment
- 17. • IMO - Develop safety and environment standards • Governments - Implement/Enforce the standards • Classification Societies - Survey and Certification • Shipping Companies - Apply the standards to their ships • Shipboard Personnel - Putting standards into operation
- 19. • More than 50 IMO Conventions • More than 100 protocols, guidelines, recommendations etc • Almost every aspect of shipping covered: • Design • Construction • Equipment • Maintenance • Crew • Discharges/emissions
- 20. • SOLAS - Safety of life at sea • STCW - Training/Watch keeping • Load lines - Cargo safety limits • COLREGS - Collision avoidance • SUA - Suppression of Unlawful Acts • ISPS Code - Port Security
- 21. • MARPOL 73/78 • Intervention 69/73 • London Dumping 72 and Protocol 96 • Anti-fouling 2001 • Ballast water management 2004 • Wreck removal 2004 • Ship Recycling 2009
- 22. • SAR • OPRC (oil) • OPRC-HNS Protocol • Liability and Compensation - CLC; FUND; BUNKER; HNS Conv
- 23. • SOLAS -98.79% • COLREGS -98.50% • STCW -98.77% • MARPOL(I&II) -98.34% • MARPOL(97 Pro) -74.73% • OPRC 90 -65.17% • OPRC-HNS -17.83% • AFSC 01 -62.69%
- 24. • 6 annexes cover ship-generated pollution (oil, NLS, Sewage, Garbage and air emissions) • Ensures ships are adequately designed, equipped, certified and inspected • Requires States to deal with wastes – reception facilities • Applies to all ships (oil and gas exploration exempted)
- 25. • AIM: to reduce or eliminate adverse effects on the marine environment and human health caused by anti-fouling systems • Convention entered into force on 17 September 2008
- 26. AIM: Prevent, minimize and eliminate the risk to the environment from transfer of harmful of aquatic organism and pathogens through control and management of ship’s ballast water and sediments.
- 27. Basic Obligations under OPRC and Regional Agreement: • Establish and maintain a national response system • Exchange of information • Early notification/Reporting • Mutual assistance
- 28. • LONDON CONVENTION Promote the effective control of all sources of marine pollution – Contracting Parties shall take effective measures to prevent pollution of the marine environment caused by dumping at sea. • 1996 PROTOCOL Protect the marine environment from all sources of pollution – Contracting Parties shall take effective measures to prevent, reduce and where practicable eliminate marine pollution caused by dumping or incineration of wastes at sea.
- 29. • Land-based pollution - Basel Convention 1989 - Global Programme of Action 1995 •Atmospheric pollution - Kyoto Protocol 1992 - Stockholm Convention 2001
- 30. Healthy oceans Sea-based inputs Land-based inputs Atmospheric inputs MARPOL, OPRC, BWM, AFSC, etc BaselGPAUNCLOS Regional agreements POP UNFCCC- KyotoIMO Biodiversity ICRI
- 31. • The IMO has a role in tackling international climate change. The First Intersessional Meeting of IMO's Working Group on Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Ships took place in Oslo, Norway • Amendments to SOLAS, which upgraded fire protection standards on passenger ships, the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and watch keeping for Seafarers (STCW) • Convention on the Prevention of Maritime Pollution (MARPOL 73/78), which required double hulls on all tankers. • IMO served as partner of US international and interagency efforts to establish Maritime Domain Awareness 31
- 32. IMO • Is a specialized UN agency • Develops global regulations to ensure that shipping is safe, secure, efficient and environmentally friendly • With a global coverage for a truly global industry and the community as a whole
Editor's Notes
- Let me give you an idea of how measures progress through the IMO machinery. Any IMO Member State can propose a new regulation or amendment to existing one. It might arise from an incident, or simply from an idea or technical development. The Member State first puts its proposal to the relevant IMO Committee. The Committee would then discuss the proposal and, if it was considered to have merit, might decide to refer it to a sub-committee for more detailed consideration. For more complex issues, a working group or correspondence group might be established to work on the issue at an even more intense technical level. After appropriate discussion in these fora, a detailed draft – whether it for a new measure, an amendment to an existing measure, a code of practice, guidelines or a circular – is drawn up, ready for consideration and approval at the appropriate level. This explains the process in the simplest of terms. Depending on the complexity of the issue, some measures can be quickly agreed and adopted while others require more time. IMO member states undertake to put into practice the measures they develop and adopt at IMO. That is why the Organization always aims to adopt measures by consensus as this way ensures the widest possible implementation by the member states.
- Of course what really counts is the application of IMO measures aboard real ships, such as this bulk carrier, this general cargo vessel, this passenger ship or this tanker.
- Today there are more than 50 IMO treaty instruments and over 100 other measures such as protocols, guidelines, recommended practices and so on. Between them, they influence almost every aspect of shipping and ship operation, including ship design, construction, equipment, maintenance and manning.
- Broadly speaking, the main IMO Conventions fall into four categories. Those dealing with safety and security include: the Safety of Life at Sea Convention (SOLAS) which is generally considered to be the most important of all international treaties concerning the safety of merchant ships. Among the topics covered in its chapters are ship construction, subdivision and stability, fire protection, life saving appliances and arrangements, radiocommunications, safety of navigation, carriage of cargoes and dangerous goods, safe management and maritime security; Others include the Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers, the Load lines Convention, the Collision Regulations or COLREGS and the so-called SUA Conventions, which are legal instruments aimed at ensuring that appropriate action is taken against persons committing unlawful acts against ships such as the seizure of ships by force, acts of violence against persons on board ships and the placing of devices on board a ship which are likely to destroy or damage it.
- Another set of Conventions are designed to prevent pollution of the marine environment. Prime among these is the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, or MARPOL, which has six annexes, dealing with oil pollution, operational pollution, harmful substances in packaged form, sewage, garbage and air pollution. Others include Conventions on the dumping of wastes at sea, on the rights of coastal states to intervene if their coastline is under threat of pollution following upon a maritime casualty, on the use of certain toxic substances in ships’ anti-fouling paint and on ballast water management.
- Broadly speaking, the measures we’ve covered so far are designed to prevent accidents from occurring; But we have to recognise that despite everyone’s best efforts, accidents do occur. So another series of Conventions have been developed that are designed to ensure a proper response to minimise the negative repercussions when accidents do happen. The most important consideration is the protection of human life, and to this end the International Convention on Maritime Search and Rescue (the SAR Convention) enshrines an international SAR plan to ensure that, no matter where an accident occurs, rescue operations will be co-ordinated by a proper search and rescue organization and, when necessary, by co-operation between neighbouring SAR organizations. Other measures in this category include the OPRC Convention (Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Co-operation) which establishes measures for dealing with pollution incidents, either nationally or in co-operation with other countries, and its related protocol dealing with hazardous and noxious substances.
- And we can see that, by adopting the consensus approach, the most important conventions covering maritime safety and the prevention of pollution are now applicable to almost 100 per cent of global tonnage.
- The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution of Ships, 1973 was adopted that same year. This Convention was subsequently modified by the Protocol 1978, which was adopted in 1978. The Protocol introduced stricter regulations for the survey and certification of ships. It is to be read as one instrument and is usually referred to as MARPOL 73/78. This IMO Convention is the most important global treaty for the prevention of pollution from the operation of ships. It governs the design and equipment of ships, establishes a system of certificates and inspections and requires States to provide reception facilities for the disposal of oily waste and chemicals. It covers all technical aspects of pollution from ships, except the disposal of waste into the sea by dumping, and applies to ships of all types, although it does not apply to pollution arising out of the exploration and exploitation of sea-bed mineral resources. Regulations covering the various sources of ship-generated pollution are contained in six annexes that are updated regularly. All Annexes I (oil), II (chemicals in bulk), III (chemicals in packaged form), IV (sewage), V (garbage), VI (air emissions) are in force.
- These are only examples. The United Nations Environment Program lists over 500 agreements between or among nations that deal with environmental issues, out of 40,000+ total international agreements. Note for later: LTRAP: Long Range Transport of Atmospheric Pollutants. POP: Persistent Organic Pollutants. OSPAR: the Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic, 1992.