Neutrinos are spin 1/2 fermions that are nearly massless and without electrical charge. Only left-hand neutrinos (negative helicity) with spins anti-parallel to linear momenta are observed. Right-hand anti-neutrinos (positive helicity) exhibit spins parallel to the linear momentum vector. Neutrinos have very small interaction cross-sections and interact weakly with matter. In a geometrical model considered here, neutrinos are conceptualized as vortex rings composed of spinning Planck mass dipoles and propagate along the spin axis.

1. Neutrino characteristics
• Analogous to vortex ‘smoke rings’, propagation is unidirectional.
• Vortex rings are produced by a high velocity jet. Neutrinos are produced
in processes that impart high energy and velocities near the the speed of light.
• In the limit for m = 0, chirality equals helicity.

2. Neutrino vortex spin model

3. Neutrino types
We can perhaps best describe the neutrinos as little bits of spin-energy that have got detached. – Sir Arthur S. Eddington
Dear radioactive Ladies and Gentlemen …Look and judge. – Wolfgang Pauli.
I have done a terrible thing. I have postulated a particle that cannot be detected. – Wolfgang Pauli
I suppose the neutrino can be described as the missing link between matter and energy. – Exeter (This Island Earth).
A billion neutrinos go swimming in heavy water: one gets wet. – Michael Kamakana

4. Neutrino flavors
• Flavor oscillations between the electron, muon, and tau neutrinos may be due to
torsional windup and unwind as a result of matter interaction yielding a nondegenerate
eigenmode anomalous dispersion.

5. Neutrino Planck dipole vortex ring
• Model of a neutrino formed by dipole vortex ring composed of spinning Plank dipoles.
• A Planck mass current is dimensional equivalent to an electric current. Hence, a
neutrino magnetic moment is expected

6. Neutrino spin flip
• Hypothetical electron spin-flip
sequence for transformation to
LH and RH spin.
• Chirality remains Lorentz invariant,
Helicty reverses.
• Neutrino mass represents the mass
of the spinor gravitational field
between the Planck mass dipoles.

7. Proton formation
• QCD quark composition of proton
is equivalent to electron/positron
arrangement.
• Proton transformation into a neutron
in neutrino absorption with
emission of a electron is known
as beta decay.

8. Neutron formation
• Neutron formation from a proton in antineutrino absorption with
emission of a positron is known as inverse beta decay.

9. Mass, Charge & Spin Characteristics

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