This Presentation "Energy band theory of solids" will help you to Clarify your doubts and Enrich your Knowledge. Kindly use this presentation as a Reference and utilize this presentation
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This presentation explains the band structure, intrinsic semiconductor, extrinsic semiconductor, electrical conductivity, mobility, hall effect, p-n junction diode, tunnel diode and optical properties of the semiconductor.
This Presentation "Energy band theory of solids" will help you to Clarify your doubts and Enrich your Knowledge. Kindly use this presentation as a Reference and utilize this presentation
Basic of semiconductors and optical propertiesKamran Ansari
This presentation explains the band structure, intrinsic semiconductor, extrinsic semiconductor, electrical conductivity, mobility, hall effect, p-n junction diode, tunnel diode and optical properties of the semiconductor.
UCSD NANO 266 Quantum Mechanical Modelling of Materials and Nanostructures is a graduate class that provides students with a highly practical introduction to the application of first principles quantum mechanical simulations to model, understand and predict the properties of materials and nano-structures. The syllabus includes: a brief introduction to quantum mechanics and the Hartree-Fock and density functional theory (DFT) formulations; practical simulation considerations such as convergence, selection of the appropriate functional and parameters; interpretation of the results from simulations, including the limits of accuracy of each method. Several lab sessions provide students with hands-on experience in the conduct of simulations. A key aspect of the course is in the use of programming to facilitate calculations and analysis.
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UCSD NANO 266 Quantum Mechanical Modelling of Materials and Nanostructures is a graduate class that provides students with a highly practical introduction to the application of first principles quantum mechanical simulations to model, understand and predict the properties of materials and nano-structures. The syllabus includes: a brief introduction to quantum mechanics and the Hartree-Fock and density functional theory (DFT) formulations; practical simulation considerations such as convergence, selection of the appropriate functional and parameters; interpretation of the results from simulations, including the limits of accuracy of each method. Several lab sessions provide students with hands-on experience in the conduct of simulations. A key aspect of the course is in the use of programming to facilitate calculations and analysis.
weiss molecular theory of ferromagnetismsantoshkhute
Weiss' Theory (Domain theory of ferromag : According to weiss, a feromagnetic substance. contains atoms with permanent magnetic. moments, as in a paramagnetic substance, but due to special form of interaction.
Lecture 8: Introduction to Quantum Chemical Simulation graduate course taught at MIT in Fall 2014 by Heather Kulik. This course covers: wavefunction theory, density functional theory, force fields and molecular dynamics and sampling.
This presentation is the introduction to Density Functional Theory, an essential computational approach used by Physicist and Quantum Chemist to study Solid State matter.
4.1 The Atomic Models of Thomson and Rutherford
4.2 Rutherford Scattering
4.3 The Classic Atomic Model
4.4 The Bohr Model of the Hydrogen Atom
4.5 Successes and Failures of the Bohr Model
4.6 Characteristic X-Ray Spectra and Atomic Number
4.7 Atomic Excitation by Electrons
Introduction
Formation Of Bond.
Formation Of Band.
Role Of Pauli Exclusion Principle.
Fermi Dirac Distribution Equation
Classification Of Material In Term Of Energy Band Diagram.
Intrinsic Semiconductor.
a)Drive Density Of State
b)Drive Density Of Free Carrier.
c)Determination Of Fermi Level Position
Extrinsic Semiconductor.
a) N Type Extrinsic Semiconductor
b) P Type Extrinsic Semiconductor
Compensated semiconductor.
E Vs. Diagram.
Direct and Indirect Band Gap.
Degenerated and Non-degenerated.
PN Junction.
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We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
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The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
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Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptx
Band structure(2)
1. Electronic Band Structure of Solids Introduction to Solid State Physics http://www.physics.udel.edu/~bnikolic/teaching/phys624/phys624.html
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5. What are the energy levels? Sommerfeld: Bloch: For a given band index n, has no simple explicit form. The only general property is periodicity in the reciprocal space:
6. What is the velocity of electron? Sommerfeld: The mean velocity of an electron in a level with wave vector is: NOTE: Quantum mechanical definition of a mean velocity Bloch: The mean velocity of an electron in a level with band index and wave vector is: Conductivity of a perfect crystal:
7. What is the Wave function Sommerfeld: The wave function of an electron with wave vector is: Bloch: The wave function of an electron with band index and wave vector is: where the function has no simple explicit form. The only general property is its periodicity in the direct lattice (i.e., real space):
8. Sommerfeld vs. Bloch : Density of States Sommerfeld -> Bloch
10. Bloch : van Hove singularities in the DOS of Tight-Binding Hamiltonian
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12. Sommerfeld vs. Bloch : Fermi surface in 3D Sommerfeld: Fermi Sphere Bloch: Sometimes sphere, but more likely anything else For each partially filled band there will be a surface reciprocal space separating occupied from the unoccupied levels -> the set of all such surfaces is known as the Fermi surface and represents the generalization to Bloch electrons of the free electron Fermi sphere. The parts of the Fermi surface arising from individual partially filled bands are branches of the Fermi surface : for each n solve the equation in variable.
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14. DOS of real materials: Silicon, Aluminum, Silver
16. Measuring DOS: Photoemission spectroscopy Fermi Golden Rule: Probability per unit time of an electron being ejected is proportional to the DOS of occupied electronic states times the probability (Fermi function) that the state is occupied:
17. Measuring DOS: Photoemission spectroscopy Once the background is subtracted off, the subtracted data is proportional to electronic density of states convolved with a Fermi functions. We can also learn about DOS above the Fermi surface using Inverse Photoemission where electron beam is focused on the surface and the outgoing flux of photons is measured.
19. Fouirer analysis of Schr ö dinger equation Potential acts to couple with its reciprocal space translation and the problem decouples into N independent problems for each within the first BZ.
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22. Schr ödinger equation for “free” Bloch electrons Counting of Quantum States: Extended Zone Scheme: Fix (i.e., the BZ) and then count vectors within the region corresponding to that zone. Reduced Zone Scheme: Fix in any zone and then, by changing , count all equivalent states in all BZ.
30. Tight-binding approximation -> Tight Binding approach is completely opposite to “free” Bloch electron: Ignore core electron dynamics and treat only valence orbitals localized in ionic core potential. There is another way to generate band gaps in the electronic DOS -> they naturally emerge when perturbing around the atomic limit . As we bring more atoms together or bring the atoms in the lattice closer together, bands form from mixing of the orbital states. If the band broadening is small enough, gaps remain between the bands.
33. Tight-binding method for single s-band -> Tight Binding approach is completely opposite to “free” Bloch electron: Ignore core electron dynamics and treat only valence orbitals localized in ionic core potential.
36. Wannier Functions -> It would be advantageous to have at our disposal localized wave functions with vanishing overlap : Construct Wannier functions as a Fourier transform of Bloch wave functions!
37. Wannier functions as orthormal basis set 1D example: decay as power law, so it is not completely localized!
44. Graphite band structure in pictures: Pseudo-Potential Plane Wave Method Electronic Charge Density: In the plane of atoms In the plane perpendicular to atoms
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