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Nationalism and the propaganda movement (2)
1. The Propaganda Movement aimed to promote nationalism and push for reforms in the Philippines under Spanish colonial rule from 1872 to 1892 through publications. 2. Key figures like Jose Rizal, Graciano Lopez Jaena, and Marcelo del Pilar wrote novels and started newspapers to advocate for legal equality between Filipinos and Spaniards and representation in the Spanish parliament. 3. However, the Propaganda Movement ultimately failed due to lack of concessions from Spain, infighting among its members, and the exile of Rizal, its most prominent leader.
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Nationalism and the propaganda movement (2)
- 1. NATIONALISM ANDTHE PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT
- 2. NATIONALISM Patriotismto an excessive degree Aspirations for national independence in a country under foreign domination. Love of country and willingness to sacrifice for it
- 3. NATIONALISM Problem is… • the elites identified themselves more with the Spaniards, and later with the Americans than with their countrymen
- 4. BIRTH OF NATIONALISM Education Ilustrados: Filipinos who are learned / enlightened by education Jesuit-run schools Ateneo Municipal Escuela Normal de Maestros
- 5. BIRTH OF NATIONALISM Economics Opening of the country to World Trade in 1834 Seaports: Sual (Pangasinan) Iloilo and Zamboanga 1855 Cebu (1860) Legaspi and Leyte (1873)
- 6. BIRTH OF NATIONALISM SECULARIZATIONMOVEMENT Feb. 1872 Secular priests were appointed as the administrators of new parishes
- 7. SECULARIZATION This movement demanded the handling REGULAR CLERGY over the parishes from Spanish Friars the regular clergy (Dominicans, Parishes Parishes Parishes Franciscans, Recollects etc. who were Spanish friars), to secular SECULAR PRIESTS SECULAR PRIESTS SECULAR PRIESTS priests, most of whom Filipino Priests Filipino Priests Filipino Priests were Filipinos.
- 8. Cavite Mutiny Startedwhen Filipinos working in Cavite were heavily taxed. Led by Ferdinand La Madrid
- 9. The three secular priests were implicated in the Cavite Mutiny. They were ordered by Governor-General Rafael Izquierdo to be executed.
- 10. a. Jose Burgos(35) – Spaniard born in the Philippines, parish priest of the Manila Cathedral. Friend of Paciano Rizal b. Jacinto Zamora (36) – Spaniard born in the Philippines and a parish priest of Marikina, played cards c. Mariano Gomez (73) – parish priest of Bacoor, Cavite, Chinese half-breed
- 11. They were executedin Bagumbayan (Luneta) through Garrote.
- 12. Paciano Rizal witnessed the eventand mentioned it to his brother Jose.
- 13. THE PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT 1872 to 1892
- 14. AIMS OF THEPROPAGANDA MOVEMENT They called for the assimilation of the Philippines as a province of Spain >so that the same laws will be applied in the Philippines >the inhabitants of the Philippines will experience the same civil liberties and rights as that of a Spanish citizen
- 15. 1. It aimedfor legal equality A between Spaniards and Filipinos I 2. Philippine representation in the Spanish Cortes M (parliament) 3. Free speech and association S 4. And an end to the annual obligation of forced labor
- 16.
- 17. Graciano Lopez Jaena who leftthe Philippines for Spain in 1880 after publishing a satirical novel, Fray Botod (Father Fatso)
- 18. In1889 he startedthe newspaper, La Solidaridad (Solidarity), that circulated both in Spain and the Philippines and was the medium of the Propaganda Movement.
- 19. Marcelo del Pilar whowas active in the anti-friar movement. He fled to Spain in 1888 and became Editor of La Solidaridad.
- 20. Jose Rizal His morepopular works were his two novels Noli Me Tangere (Touch Me Not) and El Filibusterismo (The Subversive) published in 1886 and 1891
- 22. The novels portrayedthe authoritarian and abusive character of Spanish rule in the colony . Despite their ban, the books were smuggled into the Philippines and widely read.
- 23. But then, the PROPAGANDA MOVEMENTWAS A FAILURE.
- 24. Why did thePropaganda Movement fail? 1. The Spanish government did not agree to any of its demands. 2. The friars were busy collecting money and making themselves rich 3. Many of the members wanted true change but were cautious of their wealth. 4. There was a quarrel between Rizal and Del Pilar 5. No strong leader aside from Rizal
- 25. Rizal came homeand on July 3, 1892 he established the LA LIGA FILIPINA 3 days later, July 6, 1892, Rizal was arrested on orders of G.G. Despujol and exiled on July 7 to DAPITAN, Zamboanga.
- 26. THE LA LIGAFILIPINA WAS ANOTHER FAILURE