The document summarizes several Filipino revolts against Spanish colonial rule between 1744 and 1841. It describes the causes of revolt as oppression, including forced labor and land grabbing by Spanish encomenderos and friars. It then details several major revolts, including the Dagohoy Rebellion in Bohol (1744-1829), the Silang Rebellion in Ilocos led by Diego and Gabriela Silang (1762-1763), and the religious revolt of Hermano Pule (1840-1841). It notes that the revolts ultimately failed due to a lack of unity among Filipinos and an absence of strong national leaders who could unify revolutionary efforts.

1. Filipino Revolts
Against Spain
CHAPTER 13

2. I. Causes of Revolts:
1. OUR LOVE FOR FREEDOM AND INDEPENDENCE
2. ABUSES OF SPANISH ENCOMENDEROS
3. TIBUTE (RESIDENCE TAX)
4. FORCE LABOR
5. LAND GRABBING BY THE FRIARS
6. BASI (WINE) MONOPOLY
7. RELIGION

3. II. Examples of Revolts:
1. DAGOHOY REBELLION (1744-1829)
2. SILANG REBELLION (1762-1763)
3. FIRST PAMPANGA REVOLT (1585)
4. REVOLT IN CAGAYAN AND ILOCOS (1589)
5. SUMUROY REVOLT (1649-1650)
6. AGRARIAN REVOLT IN THE PROVINCE OF
BATANGAS, BULACAN, CAVITE, AND
LAGUNA(1745-1746)
7. ILOCOS BASI REVOLT (1807)
8. REVOLT OF APOLINARIO DE LA CRUZ (HERMANO
PULE) (1840-1841)

4. 1. Dagohoy’s revolt (1744-1829)
 The revolt of Francisco Dagohoy in Bohol.
 Was the longest revolt in the Philippines history.
 It lasted for 85 years.
 Dagohoy’s brother was killed in a duel w/ a rebel.
 The Catholic priest refused to give him a
Christian burial.
- Dagohoy got angry and led his people in a revolt.
They killed 2 priests in the island.

5.  20 Spanish Governor Generals failed to stop this




rebellion.
1827 – Gov. Manuel Ricafort ordered 2,200 FilipinoSpanish troops to attack the Bohol patriots. But
failed.
1828-1829 – another attack was made. After years of
fighting the patriots were finally defeated.
Dagohoy died 2 years before the Filipino Patriots
were defeated.
19,000 survivors were pardoned and allowed to live
in a new villages.
(Batuan, Bililihan, Cabulao, Catigoian, Vilar.

6. 2. Silang’s Revolt (1762-1763)
 Diego Silang and his wife Gabriela Silang led




this famous revolt in Ilocos.
December 14,1762 – Diego Silang proclaimed the
independence of his people and made Vigan the
capital of free Ilocos.
May 28,1763 – D. Silang was killed by an assasin.
Miguel Vicos – the assasin who shoot Silang in his
back.
D.Silang died in the arms of his wife Gabriela.

7.  Gabriela Silang
– continued the revolt.
- She won many battles.
- She was called “Joan of Arc of the Ilocos”.
- But Gabriela was defeated and executed at Vigan on
September 10, 1763.

8. 3. First Pampanga Revolt (1585)
 The abuses of Spanish encomenderos (holders of encomienda)




started this rebellion..
Some brave Pampangueno leaders plotted w/ the people in
Manila to enter Intramuros and kill all Spanish officials there.
But the plot did not succeed.
Because a native Filipina married to a Spanish soldier
reported it to the Spanish authorities.
The masterminds were arrested and executed.

9. 4. Revolts again the Tribute (1589)
 It started in Cagayan and Ilocos .
 The Filipinos here revolted because of the abuses of the
tribute collectors.
 They killed many Spaniards.
 Gov. Santiago de Vera – pacified the rebel patriots.
- he pardoned many of them and
improve their tax system.

10. 5. Sumuroy’s Revolt (1649-1650)
 Visayan alcaldes mayor ordered to sent men to work in the Cavite
naval shipyards. The Visayan men hated this order because they
don’t want to leave their homes and families.
*Sumuroy – a native of Palapag, Samar, led them in an armed
revolt.
*June 1, 1649 – he and his men killed their priest because on those
days Spanish priest was really like the government.

11.  Sumuroy hated the system of POLO (forced labor).
 Sumuroy and his men set up a free government in the
mountains of Samar.
*July, 1650 – government troops attacked Sumuroy’s camp.
Sumuroy was caught alive and executed.

12. 6. Agrarian Revolt (1745-1746)
 Filipino landowners in Batangas, Bulacan, Cavite, and Laguna
revolted against Spanish rule.
their revolt was due to the land grabbing by Spaniards who took
over their ancestral lands.
Lian and Nasugbu – the first spark of revolt.
- The Filipinos in this towns demanded the return of their land
occupied by the Spanish priest. The Filipinos burned the local
churches, looted the convents, ruined the ranches of the priest.

13. After some battles, the leaders were shot and exiled.
Others were pardoned after they surrendered.
 King Philip IV ordered the priest to return the stolen land to the
Filipinos. But the Spanish priest appealed the case and later
won.
 During American Era – American authorities bought the friar
lands owned by religious orders. The land were subdivided and
sold to Filipino farmers.

14. 7. The Basi Revolt (1807)
 This was the most unusual revolt in the Philippine history. It was all
about the love for a homemade wine from sugarcane called basi.
 1786 – the Spanish gov’t took over the mnaking and sale of wine.
They banned people from making wines. The Filipinos hated this
order.
 September 28, 1807 – the rebels were defeated by Superior
Spanish power. Many lives were unfortunately lost, all because of
the love for drinking wine.

15. 8. The Religious Revolt of Hermano Pule
(1840-1841)
 Apolinario de la Cruz (Hermano Pule)
- from Barrio Pandak, Lukban, Tayabas (Quezon)
Apolinario started his own religion in Lucban, it was called the
Cofradia de San Jose (Confraternity of St. Joseph).
But the Spanish officials did not allow any other religion. So they
banned his religion.
Thousands of Filipinos in Tayabas, Laguna, Batangas, and Manila
had already joined it.

16.  So the Spanish officials sent troops to break up the group. But
Hermano and his followers took up arms and protect themselves.
 October 1841 – at the Alitao, near Mt. Cristobal the gov’t troops
attacked their camp and killed many followers including old,
women,and children.
 November 4, 1841 – Hermano Pule was executed in Tayabas. But
this war not the end of the story.
Many Filipino soldiers secretly planned to take revenge on the hated
Spaniards.
The loyalist troops defeated the rebels after a bloody combat. Srg.
Samaniego and 81 followers were shot at the Luneta at sunset on
January 21, 1843.

17. III. Why Revolts Failed
1. THE FILIPINOS WERE NOT UNITED.INSTEAD OF HELPING EACH
OTHER TO OUST THE SPANIARDS , THE FILIPINOS FOUGHT EACH
OTHER. SO THE SPANIARDS USED THE FILIPINOS LACK OF UNITY
TO CONTINUE OPPRESSING THEM.
2. THERE WERE NO NATIONAL LEADERS WHO UNITED THE PEOPLE.
THERE WERE NO GOM-BUR-ZA, RIZAL, BONIFACIO, OR
AGUINALDO THEN.THESE NATIONAL LEADERS ONLY CAME IN THE
1 9 TH C E N T U R Y .

18. IV. Historical Values
1. “UNITED
WE STAND, DIVIDED WE FALL.” IF FILIPINOS DO
NOT HELP EACH OTHER SOLVE THEIR PROBLEMS, THEN
WE WILL NOT BE ABLE TO SOLVE THESE PROBLEMS.
2. IF OFFICIALS ABUSE THEIR POWERS AND OPPRESS
PEOPLE, THEY WILL FALL FROM POWER.

20. Presented by:
Thanks
For
Gerald Ivan Tamayo
Jonjie Mar Mejia
Watching!!!