Nanotechnology involves manipulating matter at an atomic scale, with structures sized between 1-100 nanometers. Key applications include the use of carbon nanotubes in various fields like electronics, medical treatments, and energy solutions. While promising, nanotechnology also poses risks such as potential toxicity and military applications that could lead to dangerous consequences.

1. NANOTECHNOLOGY
- An Overview
Presented by –
POOJA CHOUDHARY

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INDEX
 I N T R O D U C T I O N T 0
N A N O - T E C H N O L O G Y
 A P P L I C A T I O N S (CNT)
 PITFALLS
 S C O P E I N F U T U R E

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NANO & TECHNOLOGY
 A NANOMETER is a unit of length in the metric
system, equal to one billionth of a meter (10^-
9).
 Technology is the making, usage and
knowledge of tools, machines and techniques,
in order to solve a problem or perform a
specific function.

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WHAT IS NANOTECHNOLOGY?
The study of controlling or manipulating
of matter on an atomic and molecular
scale. Generally nanotechnology deals
with structures sized between 1-100
nanometer in at least one dimension,
and involves developing or modifying
materials or devices within that size.

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HISTORY
The first ever concept was presented in 1959 by
the famous professor of physics Dr. Richard P.
Feynman.
Invention of the scanning tunneling microscope
in 1981 and the discovery of fullerene in 1985 led
to the emergence of nanotechnology.
The term nanotechnology has been termed by
Norio Taniguchi in 1974.
 -there’s plenty of room at the bottom.

6. HOW SMALL IS NANO? 6

7. 7
APPLICATIONS

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CARBON NANOTUBE
 CNT’S are allotropes of carbon with a cylindrical
nanostructures.
 They have length to diameter ratio of upto
132,000,000:1.
 Nanotubes are members of the fullerene structural
family. Their name is derived from their long, hollow
structure with the walls formed by one atom thick
sheets of carbon, called graphene.

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PROPERTIES
 Highest strength to weight ratio, helps in creating
light weight spacecrafts.
 Easily penetrate membranes such as cell walls.
Helps in cancer treatment.
 Electrical resistance changes significantly when
other molecules attach themselves to the carbon
atom. Helps in developing sensors that can detect
chemical vapours.

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APPLICATIONS
 Replacing transistors from the silicon chips as they
are small and emits less heat.
 In electric cables and wires.
 In solar cells.
 In fabrics.
 Research is expected to lead to new materials,
lubricants and medical applications.
 Devices or energy storage and energy conversion.
 Sensors.
 Reduces the damages caused by treatments such as
chemo.

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ADVANTAGES OF
CNT
 Produces smaller and
faster components.
 This will also result
in computers that
consume less energy.
 High speed and high
capacity memory.
 Allow circuits to be
more accurate on the
atomic level.

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THE GOD PARTICLE
 The higgs boson(found in march 2013) is a particle that
gives mass to other particles. Peter higgs was the first
person to think of it.
 It is found everywhere.
 The higgs particle is a boson. Bosons are particles
responsible for all the physical forces except gravity.
 These particles are believed to exist for less than a
septillionth of a second. Because the higgs has so much
mass(compared to other particles), it takes a lot of
energy to create one( the large hadron collider is the
equipment scientists use).

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PITFALLS
 Nanoparticles can get into the body through the
skin, lungs and digestive system , thus creating free
radicals that can cause cell damage.
 Once nanoparticles are in the bloodstream, they will
be able to cross the blood-brain barrier.
 The most dangerous nano-application use for
military purposes is the nano-bomb that contain
engineered self multiplying deadly viruses that can
continue to wipe out a community, country or even a
civilization.
 Nanobots because of their replicating behavior can
be a big threat for GRAY GOO.

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SCOPE IN FUTURE
 Nanotechnology may make
it possible to manufacture
lighter, stronger and
programmable materials
that require less energy to
produce than conventional
material and that promise
great fuel efficiency in
land transportation, ships,
aircrafts and space
vehicles.
 The future of
nanotechnology could very
well include the use of
nanorobotics.
 These nanorobots have the
potential to take on human
tasks as well as tasks that
humans could never
complete. The rebuilding
of the depleted ozone
layer could potentially be
able to be performed.
 There would be an entire
nano surgical field to help
cure everything from
natural aging to diabetes
to bone spurs.

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CONCLUSION.
As a conclusion to this topic I would like to say
that Nanotechnology is a brand new technology that has just
began, it is a revolutionary science that will change all what
we knew before. The future that we were watching just in
science fiction movies will in the near future be real. This new
technology will first of all, keep us healthy because of
nanorobots that will repair every damage that we have in our
body. Secondly it will give scientists the ability to manipulate
the combination of atoms in an object and to turn it into a
lighter, stronger, and more durable object than before, just
by using carbon nanotubes that are known to be a hundred
times stronger than steel and in addition to that they are very
flexible. Thirdly, Nanotechnology will give us an abundant
energy because it will transform energy more effectively.
-THE NEXT BIG TING IS VERY SMALL.