H20 & Co. has developed carbon nanotube membranes that provide a more cost-efficient way to remove chemicals and infectious agents from water. The membranes are made of single-walled or multi-walled carbon nanotubes that are less than 1 nm in diameter, allowing water to pass through while filtering out over 95% of ions and bacteria/viruses. The membranes provide clean, desalinated water at a lower cost than other filtration methods, with faster filtration rates and a lifespan of 2-3 years. The global market for nanofiltration membranes is growing significantly due to increasing water shortages, regulations, and demand for clean water.

1. nSpringH20 &Co.Carbon Nanotube Membranes

2. Introduction3.4BillionOne third of world’s population has water shortages, and this is expected to double by 2025

3. Introduction (cont.)H₂O & Co. has developed a more cost efficient way to remove chemicals and infectious agents from water.

4. Carbon nanotubesSmall rolled sheets of graphite, as strong as steelLattice patternLess than one nmSingle-walled (SWNT) and multi-walled (MWNT)

5. Membrane CompositionElectrochemical etchingerodes metalsand forms a porous layer in the Silicon. Iron oxide is placed on top.It is exposed to C2H4 (ethene) at high temperatures. The tubes grow verticallyand tightly. Exposure timedetermines the length ofthe nanotube.Silicon Nitride is addedbetween gaps to stabilize.

6. How it WorksNegativecarboxylicsdraw water through the tube.Ions cannot fit throughthe 1 nm tubesAt .93 nm in diameter,95% of ions are filtered out of waterUp to 100 times faster

8. How it Works (cont.)Also filters out bacteria and virusesWhen passed through a nanotube, infectious agents will be trapped and unable to pass through to the other side.

9. FinanceSWNTs: $95 per gramMWNTs: $15 per gramComposite: $35 per gram2-3 year life spanCost 2-7 cents per day in useAverage of 2 cents less expensive than other filters$7.30 cheaper per year$25 per membrane(“Water Filtration Comparisons & Reviews” 3)

10. Finance (cont.)(“Water Filtration Comparisons & Reviews” 3)

11. Finance (cont.)Global market for nanofiltration membranes: CAGR 26.1%Water treatment sector: CAGR 27.4%More regulations protecting environment

12. Finance (cont.)RentBuilding – $10,000 a monthEquipment – $20,000 a monthMaterials - $3,000 a monthMiscellaneous - $1,000 a monthOtherAccounting - $10,000Employees (8) - $25,000 every six monthsTotal (6 Months) = $414,000

13. ConclusionProvides clean, desalinated, water.Filters out bacteria and virusesCheaper price.In demandFaster filtration

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