2. • Causes
• Inheritance
• Dominant genes
• Recessive gene
Depends on the age when symptoms appear, and the
types of symptoms that develop.
• Risk
• Because these are inherited disorders, risk include a
family history of muscular dystrophy
How Many People Are Affected
It is estimated that between 50,000 -250,000 are
affected annually. 1 per 3500 live male births
3.
4. • Muscular dystrophy is a heterogeneous
group of inherited disorders recognized
weakness and loss of muscle
by progressive degenerative muscle
tissue
(started in childhood).
• Affect muscles strength and action.
• Generalized or localized.
• Skeletal muscle and other organs may
involve
• Limitation: Difficulties with walking or Maintaining posture,
Muscle spasms. Neurological, Behavioral, Cardiac, or other
Functional limitations.
24. • Milder version of
DMD
• Etiology
▫ single genedefect
▫ short arm X
chromosome
▫ altered size &
decreased amount
of dystrophin
25. • Less common
▫ 1: 30000 live male birth
• Less severe
• Family history: atypical MD
• Similar & less severe than DMD
• Onset: age > 7 years
• Pseudohypertrophy of calf
• Equinous and varus foot
• High rate of scoliosis
• Less frequent cardiac involvement
Clinical features
26. Diagnosis
• The same as DMD
• Increase CPK (<200x)
• Decrease dystrophin and/or altered size
Natural history
▫ Slower progression
▫ ambulate until adolescence
▫ longer life expectancy
Treatment
▫ the same as in DMD
▫ forefoot equinous: plantar release, midfoot dorsal-
wedge osteotomy