This document provides an overview of mud logging. It begins with definitions of mud logging and descriptions of mud logging history and the companies involved. It then discusses mud circulating systems and mud types used in drilling. The document outlines the roles and responsibilities of mud logging personnel and describes the equipment used. It explains how mud logging is used to monitor drilling parameters and detect any problems. The latest mud logging technologies are introduced, including NMR mud logging. The document concludes by discussing the value of mud logging for monitoring downhole conditions, controlling drilling parameters, and assessing reservoir potential.

1. MUD LOGGING
PREPARED BY :
Ahmed EL-Sayed Hamza. (4TH LEVEL GEOPHYSICS)
Muhammad Atef Muhammad. (4TH LEVEL GEOPHYSICS)
SUPERVISOR:
DR.Mohamed Ibrahim Abd EL-Fattah
18th MAY2016

2. 1. Introduction (History-Oil Companies-Rig Types and Rig Components).
2. Mud Circulating System.
3. Mud logging Definitions.
4. Mud Types.
5. Drilling Parameters.
6. Problems.
7. The Latest Technologies.
8. The Value of Mud Logging.
9. References.

3. 1.1- Definition:
Mud logging is the implement by which it could be communicating to the down hole
formations systematically and comprehensively to study and monitor immediately the
lithology, gas content, oil shows and drilling parameters.
Logging Unit

4. 1.2-History:
-Surface (Mud) Logging was introduced as a commercial service in 1939,begain as
Atlas Baker Hughes.
Gas Line.

5. 1.3-Companies Types:
A-Owner.

6. B-Service Companies:
-Responsibility:
-Seismic.
-Mud Logging.
-Well logging.
-Casing & Cement.
-Well Completion.

7. 1.4-Rig Types:

8. 1.5-Rig Components:
1-Kelly System(Old).
2-Top Drive System(Modern).
-Solid Control System.
Shale shaker: vibrating screen used to separate mud fluid from cuttings
Desander(Sand Size) Desilter(Silt Size)Degasser Centrifuge

9. 2.1- Mud Pumps Types :

10. 2.2-Mud Circulating System:

11. 2.3-Mud Circulating System:

12. 3.1-Mudlogging Definitions:
1-Mud logging Unit: Is the information center on the rig site to
serve both exploration and drilling.

13. 3.2-Mud logging personnel:
1-Sample Catcher 2-Mud logger
3-Data Engineer 4-Pressure Engineer

14. 3.3- Logging Unit Components: ( Rig Monitors Panel , UV box, Sample oven,
LCD Monitors , Microscope, Chemicals , Calcimerty ,Gas System , soap , Diesel and log
sheets).
Rig Monitor
panel& Gas
Analysis

15. 3.4-Sensors:
1-Depth Sensor 2-Pit Volume Sensor 3-Pressure Sensor
4-H2S Sensor 5-Rotary Speed Sensor 6-Pump Stroke Sensor 7-Flow Out Sensor

16. 4-Mud Types/ Drilling Fluids Types ( Wbm & Obm ):
(Wbm) (Obm)

17. 4.1-Why Wbm or Obm ?
A-Water Base Mud: Normal uses.
B-Oil Base Mud: Special uses(Cases) Such as:
1-Shale FM, Causing Swelling .
2-Salt FM, Causing Washout or
unstable(Soft) FM as(friable shale).

18. 4.2-Drilling Fluids Functions:
1-Hole Cleaning.
2-Cooling and Lubricating Drill String.
3-Lifting Cutting To The Surface.
4-Carrying Information About Formations.
5-Stablizing Wellbore.
6-Controlling Formation Pressure.
7-Susbending Cuttings.

19. 4.3-Mud Logger Engineer Duties:
1 - Collection of the Rock Cuttings which is geologically described, examined for any Oil
Shows.
2- Hydrocarbon Gas Monitoring while Drilling(Chromatograph).
3- Detection of the Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) Percentage.
4- Monitoring of the Mud volume.
5- Monitoring of the drilling parameters such as : WOB,
RPM, TRQ. ...etc.
6 -Monitoring the Trips and updating a Trip Sheet.

20. 4.4-Mud Logger Engineer Duties:
-Mud Log
Rate of
penetration
(ROP)
Total Gas
And Gas
Analysis
C1 to C5
C1>C5 (normal arrangements)
C2>C3 (DHI)
Then C3>C2(OWC)
Sample
Description

21. 5-Drilling Parameters:
1-Hook Load.
2-Weight on Bit.
3-Rpm(rotation per minute).
4-Tourque.
5-Stand pipe pressure.
6-ROP(rate of penetration).
7-Lag Time.
8-Number of Strokes.
9-Total Gas.
10-Flow On &Out.
11-Mud Weight.

22. 6-Problems:
-Kick: Influx of Fm.fluid into hole.
-Blow out: uncontrolled flow of formation
fluid ( uncontrolled kick ).

23. 6.1-Problems:
A-Loss(Decreasing) &Gain(Increasing):
-Mud’s Hydrostatic pressure is not equilibrium
with FM pressure.
Solving:
1-Increasing Hydrostatic Pressure.
2-Decreasing Hydrostatic Pressure.

24. 6.1-Problems:
B-Stuck:
1-Differential Stuck:
-In Permeable Formations.
2-Mechanical:
Solving:
1-Calibration Hydrostatic Pressure & Mud Weight.
2-Using Jar Tool.
-Formation instability.
-Ignore hole cleaning.
-Key seating.
-Deferential Sticking Mud Cake too thick

25. 6-Problems:
-Blow Out.

26. 7.The Latest Technologies:
1-NMR Mud Logging:
-Total porosity, effective porosity,
permeability, irreducible water
saturation, free fluid saturation, oil
saturation, and oil content in drilling fluid.
Wang, Z., Martinez, Y., Strack, K., and Yu, G2007.
2-IsoTube Technology.

27. 8-The Value of mud logging:
1-Gas measurement & Analysis.
2-Sample Analysis (microscope & fluoroscope).
3-Mud Log.
4-Lag Time Calculations.
5-All Hole conditions are monitored .
6-All drilling parameters are controlled.
7-Reservoir potentiality.
8-Problem Solving.

28. - Graduates From 2005 to 2015.
15%
70%
5%
5%
5%
Well logging Mud Logging Production Refining seismic

29. -References:-
1-Basic Mud Logging, June, 2002,Sperry-Sun Drilling Services.
2-Surface Logging Systems,2006,Baker Hughes.
3-Atlas Baker Hughes,2003,Baker Hughes.
4-Wang, Z., Martinez, Y., Strack, K., and Yu, G.
Applications of NMR Mud Logging technology in China 2007.

30. ANY QUESTION!!?