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Moles and molar mass
A mole is the standard unit used to measure very large quantities of small particles like atoms and molecules. It represents 6.02 x 1023 particles, which is an immense number that is difficult to comprehend. The molar mass of an element or compound is the mass in grams of one mole of that substance. To find molar mass, one does an atom inventory of the substance and multiplies the number of each type of atom by its atomic mass on the periodic table, then sums the results.
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Moles and molar mass
- 1. What the heckis a mole? Unit 6: Moles
- 2. What the heckis a mole? • A mole is the SI unit used to measure the amount of a substance • It is used to measure LARGE amounts of very small things – like atoms, molecules, formula units, etc. • Abbreviation = mol
- 3. How big isa mole? • 1 mole of hockey pucks would equal the mass of the moon… • 1 mole of basketballs would fill a bag the size of the earth… • 1 mole of pennies would cover the Earth ¼ of a mile deep…
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- 5. What’s a mole? •Count the following… – 1 dozen donuts = 12 donuts – 1 pair of shoes = 2 shoes – 1 gross of pencils = 144 pencils • A mole is used to count in the same way that a dozen, pair, or gross is! • It always equals the same quantity!
- 6. How big isa mole? • Avogadro came up with the concept of a mole • 1 mole = Avogadro’s number • 1 mole = 6.02 x 1023 particles (atoms, molecules, formula units… anything!)
- 7. How big isa mole? • A mole is very, very BIG • A mole of apples = 6.02 x 1023 apples • That’s 602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 apples!
- 8. How big isa mole? • How many marbles are in one mole of marbles? – 6.02 x 1023 – 1 mole = 6.02x1023 of anything • How many balloons are in one mole of balloons? – 6.02 x 1023 – 1 mole = 6.02x1023 of anything • How many molecules are in one mole of C12H22O11? – 6.02 x 1023 – 1 mole = 6.02x1023 of anything
- 9. How big isa mole? 1 mole = 6.02 x 1023 atoms, molecules, formula units
- 11. What is molarmass? • The molar mass is the mass (in grams) of one mole of a substance • Molar mass of an element (in grams) = 1 mole • Molar mass of compound (in grams) = 1 mole
- 12. How do youfind the molar mass of elements and compounds? • Do an atom inventory and multiply by the atomic mass on the periodic table and add all the masses atomic number atomic mass
- 13. Practice Problems • Findthe molar mass for: • Carbon • Chemical Formula: Molar Mass: • Conversion Factor: =
- 14. Practice Problems • Findthe molar mass for… • Lithium • Chemical Formula: Molar Mass: • Conversion Factor: =
- 15. Practice Problems • Findthe molar mass for… • Oxygen • Chemical Formula: Molar Mass: • Conversion Factor: =
- 16. Practice Problems • Findthe molar mass for… • Glucose • Chemical Formula: Molar Mass: • Conversion Factor: =
- 17. Practice Problems • Findthe molar mass for… • Strontium phosphate • Chemical Formula: Molar Mass: • Conversion Factor: =
- 18. 1 mole =molar mass
- 19. What’s the differencebetween atoms, molecules and formula units? • Atoms are used for single elements (like Mg) • Molecules are used for covalent compounds (like Cl2) • Formula units are used for ionic compounds (like MgCl2)