In order to accurately model high frequency affects,
inductance has been taken into consideration. No longer can
interconnects be treated as mere delays or lumped RC networks.
In that frequency range, the most accurate simulation model for
on-chip VLSI interconnects is the distributed RLC model.
Unfortunately, this model has many limitations at much higher
of operating frequency used in today’s VLSI design. The reduction
in cross-sectional dimension leads to more tightly couple
interconnects and therefore, a higher probability of unwanted
crosstalk interference. This can lead to inaccurate simulations
if not modelled properly. At even higher frequency, the aggressor
net carries a signal that couples to the victim net through the
parasitic capacitances. To determine the effects that this crosstalk
will have on circuit operation, the resulting delays and logic
levels for the victim nets must be computed. This paper proposes
a difference model approach to derive crosstalk and delay in the
transform domain. A closed form solution for crosstalk and delay
is obtained by incorporating initial conditions using difference
model approach for distributed RLCG interconnects. The
simulation is performed in 0.18μm technology node and an error
of less than 1% has been achieved with the proposed model when
compared with SPICE.
CROSSTALK MINIMIZATION FOR COUPLED RLC INTERCONNECTS USING BIDIRECTIONAL BUFF...VLSICS Design
Crosstalk noise is often induced in long interconnects running parallel to each other. There is a need to
minimize the effect of these crosstalk noise so as to maintain the signal integrity in interconnects. In this
paper crosstalk noise is minimized using various techniques such as repeater (bidirectional buffer)
insertion along with shielding, skewing and shielding & skewing simultaneously. With the help of these
techniques crosstalk noise is controlled to a great extent in long interconnects. Pre-layout and Post-layout
simulations for crosstalk are carried out for these techniques at 180nm technology node using Cadence
EDA tools. The influences of these techniques are analyzed and it is found that crosstalk is reduced up to
32 % with repeater insertion, 47% with skewing, 58% with shielding and 81% with skewing & shielding
simultaneously
A BUS ENCODING TO REDUCE CROSSTALK NOISE EFFECT IN SYSTEM ON CHIPVLSICS Design
This paper proposes a new bus coding scheme for reducing the crosstalk in System on chip(soc). As circuit geometries become smaller, wire interconnections become closer together and taller, thus increasing the cross-coupling capacitance between nets. At the same time, parasitic capacitance to the substrate becomes less as interconnections become narrower, and cell delays are reduced as transistors become smaller. With circuit geometries at 0.25 micron and above, substrate capacitance is usually the dominant effect. However, with geometries at 0.18 micron and below, the coupling capacitance between nets becomes significant, making crosstalk analysis increasingly important for accurate timing analysis. We show experimentally that the proposed codes allow reducing crosstalk delay by at least 14% based on available data.
Estimation and design of mc ds-cdma for hybrid concatenated coding in high sp...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a method for identifying reliable nodes in an ad hoc wireless network to form stable routing paths. The method evaluates nodes based on their transmission range, signal strength, packet forwarding capacity, and position. Nodes meeting certain thresholds for these metrics are identified as reliable and added to a neighbor routing table. Simulation results showed this selective approach to identifying reliable nodes performed better than the traditional AODV routing protocol at maintaining stable routes in the face of node mobility.
TCAD Based Analysis of Gate Leakage Current for High-k Gate Stack MOSFETIDES Editor
Scaling of metal-oxide-semiconductor transistors
to smaller dimensions has been a key driving force in the IC
industry. This work analysis the gate leakage current behavior
of nano scale MOSFET based on TCAD simulation. The
Sentaurus Simulator simulates the high-k gate stack structure
of N-MOSFET for analysis purpose. The impact of interfacial
oxide thickness on the gate tunneling current has been
investigated as a function of gate voltages for a given equivalent
oxide thickness (EOT) of 1.0 nm. It was reported in the results
that interfacial oxide thickness plays an important role in
reducing the gate leakage current. It is also observed that high-
k stack gated MOSFET exhibits improved performance in term
of Off current and DIBL
This document discusses the performance analysis of a DS-CDMA rake receiver system in the presence of nonlinear distortion. It begins by introducing CDMA technology and explaining how rake receivers are used in CDMA systems to combine signals from multiple propagation paths to maximize signal-to-noise ratio. It then analyzes the effects of nonlinear distortion from high power amplifiers on the bit error rate performance of DS-CDMA signals. Specifically, it develops analytical expressions to characterize the relationship between input back-off level and signal characteristics that impact bit error rate degradation. Finally, it derives an expression for the bit error rate in the presence of the considered nonlinear predistortion-high power amplifier chain.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF BER FOR AWGN, AWGN MULTIPATH AND RAYLEIGH FADING CH...IJEEE
This document evaluates the performance of bit error rate (BER) for different digital modulation techniques over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN), AWGN multipath, and Rayleigh fading channels. It presents simulation results comparing the BER of binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) and quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) modulation under varying signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) levels for AWGN and AWGN multipath channels, and under varying Doppler shift levels for Rayleigh fading channels. The results show that BPSK has better BER performance than QPSK, and that BER is lowest for AWGN channels and highest for Rayleigh fading channels.
A SIMULATION-BASED PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF MANETS CDS CREATION ALGORITHMS U...csandit
This document compares the performance of Wu and Li's Connected Dominating Set (CDS) creation algorithm and its location-information-based version under different Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols and network sizes. Simulations were conducted using an ideal MAC protocol and the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol. The results show that using the 802.11 MAC produces smaller CDS sizes, lower signaling overhead, but longer establishment times compared to the ideal MAC. This is because packet collisions in the 802.11 MAC deprive nodes of accurate neighborhood information, leading to suboptimal CDS construction and longer delays.
CROSSTALK MINIMIZATION FOR COUPLED RLC INTERCONNECTS USING BIDIRECTIONAL BUFF...VLSICS Design
Crosstalk noise is often induced in long interconnects running parallel to each other. There is a need to
minimize the effect of these crosstalk noise so as to maintain the signal integrity in interconnects. In this
paper crosstalk noise is minimized using various techniques such as repeater (bidirectional buffer)
insertion along with shielding, skewing and shielding & skewing simultaneously. With the help of these
techniques crosstalk noise is controlled to a great extent in long interconnects. Pre-layout and Post-layout
simulations for crosstalk are carried out for these techniques at 180nm technology node using Cadence
EDA tools. The influences of these techniques are analyzed and it is found that crosstalk is reduced up to
32 % with repeater insertion, 47% with skewing, 58% with shielding and 81% with skewing & shielding
simultaneously
A BUS ENCODING TO REDUCE CROSSTALK NOISE EFFECT IN SYSTEM ON CHIPVLSICS Design
This paper proposes a new bus coding scheme for reducing the crosstalk in System on chip(soc). As circuit geometries become smaller, wire interconnections become closer together and taller, thus increasing the cross-coupling capacitance between nets. At the same time, parasitic capacitance to the substrate becomes less as interconnections become narrower, and cell delays are reduced as transistors become smaller. With circuit geometries at 0.25 micron and above, substrate capacitance is usually the dominant effect. However, with geometries at 0.18 micron and below, the coupling capacitance between nets becomes significant, making crosstalk analysis increasingly important for accurate timing analysis. We show experimentally that the proposed codes allow reducing crosstalk delay by at least 14% based on available data.
Estimation and design of mc ds-cdma for hybrid concatenated coding in high sp...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a method for identifying reliable nodes in an ad hoc wireless network to form stable routing paths. The method evaluates nodes based on their transmission range, signal strength, packet forwarding capacity, and position. Nodes meeting certain thresholds for these metrics are identified as reliable and added to a neighbor routing table. Simulation results showed this selective approach to identifying reliable nodes performed better than the traditional AODV routing protocol at maintaining stable routes in the face of node mobility.
TCAD Based Analysis of Gate Leakage Current for High-k Gate Stack MOSFETIDES Editor
Scaling of metal-oxide-semiconductor transistors
to smaller dimensions has been a key driving force in the IC
industry. This work analysis the gate leakage current behavior
of nano scale MOSFET based on TCAD simulation. The
Sentaurus Simulator simulates the high-k gate stack structure
of N-MOSFET for analysis purpose. The impact of interfacial
oxide thickness on the gate tunneling current has been
investigated as a function of gate voltages for a given equivalent
oxide thickness (EOT) of 1.0 nm. It was reported in the results
that interfacial oxide thickness plays an important role in
reducing the gate leakage current. It is also observed that high-
k stack gated MOSFET exhibits improved performance in term
of Off current and DIBL
This document discusses the performance analysis of a DS-CDMA rake receiver system in the presence of nonlinear distortion. It begins by introducing CDMA technology and explaining how rake receivers are used in CDMA systems to combine signals from multiple propagation paths to maximize signal-to-noise ratio. It then analyzes the effects of nonlinear distortion from high power amplifiers on the bit error rate performance of DS-CDMA signals. Specifically, it develops analytical expressions to characterize the relationship between input back-off level and signal characteristics that impact bit error rate degradation. Finally, it derives an expression for the bit error rate in the presence of the considered nonlinear predistortion-high power amplifier chain.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF BER FOR AWGN, AWGN MULTIPATH AND RAYLEIGH FADING CH...IJEEE
This document evaluates the performance of bit error rate (BER) for different digital modulation techniques over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN), AWGN multipath, and Rayleigh fading channels. It presents simulation results comparing the BER of binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) and quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) modulation under varying signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) levels for AWGN and AWGN multipath channels, and under varying Doppler shift levels for Rayleigh fading channels. The results show that BPSK has better BER performance than QPSK, and that BER is lowest for AWGN channels and highest for Rayleigh fading channels.
A SIMULATION-BASED PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF MANETS CDS CREATION ALGORITHMS U...csandit
This document compares the performance of Wu and Li's Connected Dominating Set (CDS) creation algorithm and its location-information-based version under different Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols and network sizes. Simulations were conducted using an ideal MAC protocol and the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol. The results show that using the 802.11 MAC produces smaller CDS sizes, lower signaling overhead, but longer establishment times compared to the ideal MAC. This is because packet collisions in the 802.11 MAC deprive nodes of accurate neighborhood information, leading to suboptimal CDS construction and longer delays.
On the Performance Analysis of Multi-antenna Relaying System over Rayleigh Fa...IDES Editor
In this work, the end-to-end performance of an
amplify-and-forward multi-antenna infrastructure-based relay
(fixed relay) system over flat Rayleigh fading channel is
investigated. New closed form expressions for the statistics of
the received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are presented and
applied for studying the outage probability and the average
bit error rate of the digital receivers. The results reveal that
the system performance improves significantly (roughly 3 dB)
for M=2 over that for M=1 in both low and high signal-tonoise
ratio. However, little additional performance
improvement can be achieved for M>2 relative to M=2 at high
SNR.
In recent years, cooperative communication is a hot topic of research and it is a powerful physical layer
technique to combat fading in wireless relaying scenario. Concerning with the physical layer issues, in this
paper it is focussed on with providing a better space time block coding (STBC) scheme and incorporating it
in the cooperative relaying nodes to upgrade the system performance. Recently, the golden codes have
proven to exhibit a superior performance in a wireless MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) scenario
than any other code. However, a serious limitation associated with it is its increased decoding complexity.
This paper attempts to resolve this challenge through suitable modification of golden code such that a less
complex sphere decoder could be used without much compromising the error rates. The decoder complexity
is analyzed through simulation and it proves to exhibit less complexity compared to the conventional
(Maximum likelihood) ML decoder. The single relay cooperative STBC consisting of source, relay and
destination are considered. The cooperative protocol strategy considered in the relay node is Decode and
forward (DF) protocol. The proposed modified golden code with less complex sphere decoder is
implemented in the nodes of the cooperative relaying system to achieve better performance in the system.
The simulation results have validated the effectiveness of the proposed scheme by offering better BER
performance, minimum outage probability and increased spectral efficiency compared to the non
cooperative transmission method.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
PERFORMANCE OF WIMAX PHYSICAL LAYER WITH VARIATIONS IN CHANNEL CODING AND DIG...ijistjournal
The document analyzes the bit error rate (BER) performance of the WiMAX physical layer using different concatenated channel coding schemes and digital modulations under realistic channel conditions. Computer simulations show that a WiMAX system using concatenated CRC-CC channel coding and QAM modulation performs better than one using RS-CC coding, achieving a lower BER at a given SNR in additive white Gaussian noise, Rayleigh fading, and Rician fading channels. Specifically, the CRC-CC coded system reaches a BER of 10-4 at around 6 dB in AWGN channels, compared to over 6.6 dB for RS-CC coding.
Architecture for reliable service discoveryambitlick
The authors provide an overview of standardized service discovery and delivery solutions for mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). They propose a novel architecture that allows selecting a service provider based on metrics like the power supply of the provider and the path to the destination. This architecture is based on a decentralized approach using Service Location Protocol (SLP) extensions. It aims to provide reliable service discovery and delivery in MANETs by considering energy constraints affecting the network topology and connectivity.
17 9253 denial of impedance for mobile cellular (edit ari)IAESIJEECS
Wireless network broadly utilized today incorporate, cell system, remote cross section system (WMNs), remote neighbourhood and individual zone system. The expanding interest for these systems has transformed range into a valuable asset. Consequently, there is dependably a requirement for techniques to pack more bits/Hz. In this paper, we list the purposes behind this far reaching doubt, and talk about how present and future patterns will expand the need and reasonability of multiuser collectors for both the uplink, where numerous offbeat clients will be all the while identified, and the downlink, where clients will be planned and generally orthogonal zed, yet the portable handset will in any case need to adapt to a couple of predominant meddling base stations. New results for impedance wiping out beneficiaries that utilization traditional front finishes are appeared to ease a large number of the deficiencies of earlier systems, especially for the testing uplink. This paper gives a diagram of key late research leaps forward on obstruction cancelation, and highlights framework level contemplations for future multiuser recipients.
An Investigation of DAF Protocol in Wireless CommunicationIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on the differential amplify-and-forward (D-AF) cooperative communication protocol for wireless networks. It describes a system model with one source, multiple relays, and one destination node communicating over time-varying Rayleigh fading channels. New combining weights are proposed for reception at the destination based on the statistical properties of the wireless channels. Expressions for pairwise error probability and average bit error rate are derived. Simulation results show that the new weights provide more robust performance compared to standard combining, especially in scenarios with fast fading channels between the source/relays and destination.
IJCER (www.ijceronline.com) International Journal of computational Engineerin...ijceronline
This document summarizes a research paper on statistical multipath signal detection in CDMA for ad hoc networks. The paper presents simulation results of transmitting a signal through 5 different Rayleigh fading channels and selecting the signal with the highest SNR. The selected signal is then transmitted over an ad hoc network using a shortest path routing algorithm. Key aspects covered include: Rayleigh fading modeling, CDMA, OFDM, theoretical and simulated BER comparisons of BPSK over Rayleigh and AWGN channels, implementation of signal transmission over 5 channels in MATLAB, and use of the highest quality signal for transmission in an ad hoc network.
Joint Fixed Power Allocation and Partial Relay Selection Schemes for Cooperat...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In the future wireless systems, non-orthogonal multiple-access (NOMA) with partial relay selection scheme is considered as developing research topic. In this paper, dual-hop relaying systems is deployed for NOMA, in which the signals are communicated with the assistance of decode-and-forward (DF) scheme. This paper presents exact expressions for outage probability over independent Rayleigh fading channels, and two partial relay selection schemes are provided. Using analytical result and Monte-Carlo method, we introduce forwarding strategy selection for fixed user allocation and exactness of derived formula is checked. The presented simulations confirm the the advantage of such proposed NOMA, and the effectiveness of the proposed forwarding strategy.
Performance Analysis of AODV and DSDV - FINAL YEAR PROJECTRavi Teja P
This document is a project report submitted by three students for their Bachelor of Technology degree. It analyzes the performance of the AODV and DSDV routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) using the NS-2 network simulator. The report includes an introduction to MANETs, a literature review of routing protocols for MANETs including AODV and DSDV, a description of the simulation setup and design using NS-2, results of the simulations comparing the performance of AODV and DSDV under different metrics, and conclusions.
Analysis of Residue Number System based PN sequence in AWGN channelijsrd.com
The successful use of CDMA technology is based on the construction of large families of encoding sequences with good correlation properties. This paper discusses PN sequence generation based on Residue Arithmetic with an effort to improve the performance of existing interference-limited CDMA technology for mobile cellular systems. All spreading codes with residual number system proposed earlier did not consider external interferences, multipath propagation, Doppler effect etc. In literature the use of residual arithmetic in DS-CDMA was restricted to encoding of already spread sequence; where spreading of sequence is done by some existing techniques. The novelty of this paper is the use of residual number system in generation of the PN sequences which is used to spread the message signal. The significance of cross-correlation factor in alleviating multi-access interference is also discussed. The RNS based PN sequence has superior performance than most of the existing codes that are widely used in DS-CDMA applications. Simulation results suggest that the performance of the proposed system is superior to many existing systems.
Iterative network channel decoding with cooperative space-time transmissionijasuc
This document summarizes an iterative network-channel decoding scheme for cooperative space-time transmission with network coding. The scheme uses convolutional codes as network codes at the relay node and Reed-Solomon codes as channel codes at the user nodes. An iterative joint network-channel decoder exchanges soft information between convolutional code-based network decoder and Reed-Solomon code-based channel decoders. Extrinsic information transfer analysis is performed to investigate the convergence properties of the proposed iterative decoder.
This document summarizes a research paper that investigates reducing peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) in an MC-CDMA (Multicarrier Code Division Multiple Access) system using SLM (Selected Mapping) technique. It first provides background on MC-CDMA and the issue of high PAPR reducing system efficiency. It then describes the SLM technique, which pseudorandomly modifies signal phases to select versions with lower PAPR. The paper aims to study PAPR reduction using SLM for different modulation schemes, generating binary phase sequences from a Hadamard matrix. It outlines the MC-CDMA system model and transmitter structure, and notes that oversampling is needed to accurately calculate P
AGPM: An Authenticated Secure Group Communication Protocol for MANETsIDES Editor
This document summarizes the AGPM protocol for secure group communication in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). It authenticates mobile nodes using transitive signature schemes during routing. It establishes a collaborative group key using a tree-based approach and performs rekeying at time intervals instead of on every join/leave. Performance is evaluated against other protocols based on metrics like throughput, rekeying time, delay and overhead. Simulation results show AGPM has advantages over other protocols.
International Journal of Computer Science and Security Volume (2) Issue (4)CSCJournals
The document discusses two multistage interconnection networks - the Augmented Baseline Network (ABN) and a proposed Irregular Augmented Baseline Network (IABN). The IABN is designed to improve upon the ABN by providing three times more paths between source-destination pairs and adding an additional stage and auxiliary links. The reliability of the two networks is analyzed by calculating their mean time to failure (MTTF) using upper and lower bounds. The IABN is shown to provide better fault tolerance and reliability than the ABN at a small additional cost.
This document summarizes a study that compares the performance of the MAC layer in flat and hierarchical mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). The study uses simulation to analyze throughput and packet drops. It finds that throughput is the same for both network structures, but that hierarchical networks have fewer packet drops at the MAC layer. Specifically, packet drops only occurred at 3 nodes in the hierarchical network, whereas 14 nodes experienced drops in the flat network structure. Therefore, the hierarchical approach improves MAC layer performance by reducing packet drops.
The document analyzes and compares the performance of two Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols for wireless sensor networks: Sensor MAC (S-MAC) and Hybrid MAC (H-MAC).
[1] S-MAC is a contention-based protocol that reduces energy waste from idle listening by implementing synchronized sleep and listen schedules. Nodes form virtual clusters to wake up and communicate at the same time. H-MAC improves on this with a slotted frame structure that dynamically allocates slots.
[2] The performance of the two protocols is evaluated based on end-to-end delay, packet delivery ratio, packet drop rate, and energy consumption using the NS2 simulation tool.
[3] Spatial correlation
This document discusses approaches to avoid crosstalk in VLSI chip design. It introduces on-chip crosstalk avoidance techniques, focusing on bus encoding to mitigate capacitive crosstalk. Various memoryless and memory-based crosstalk avoidance codes are presented and compared. CODECs for encoding and decoding data transmitted on the bus are also discussed. The document aims to improve bus speed and reduce power consumption by avoiding undesirable crosstalk conditions through data encoding.
On chip crosstalk_avoidance_codec_design_using_fibonaccibharath naidu
This document describes the design and implementation of an efficient codec using a forbidden pattern free (FPF) and Fibonacci-based number system (FNS) for bus encoding. It discusses the specification of generating a 32-bit Fibonacci series and detecting forbidden patterns like 101 and 010. The codec consists of an encoder that encodes data using the FPF-FNS approach and a decoder that decodes the encoded data. Simulation results show that this codec design increases speed by over 2.5 times compared to traditional approaches by avoiding crosstalk and glitches through the use of the Fibonacci encoding scheme and forbidden pattern detection.
The document describes Cadence tutorials for a course on Very Large Scale Integrated Circuits. It outlines how to open a PuTTy and VNC connection to remotely access the Cadence software. It then explains how to run Cadence and introduces the basic design flow. It provides a tutorial on schematic entry by designing a CMOS inverter, generating a symbol from the schematic, and performing a transient simulation of the schematic. It also briefly describes layout drawing and other design steps.
Crosstalk Aware Bandwidth Modelling for VLSI RC Global Interconnects using 2-...Mr Santosh Kumar Chhotray
This document presents a method for estimating bandwidth and delay in VLSI global interconnects considering crosstalk noise. It models crosstalk using a 2-π model for two partially coupled interconnects. It derives analytic expressions for the aggressor and victim waveforms. It then estimates bandwidth by equating the victim noise waveform to 0.5Vdd and estimates delay by solving when the victim noise is equal to the aggressor waveform. The method is shown to estimate bandwidth and delay for different resistance values and is concluded to provide accurate modeling of crosstalk-aware VLSI global interconnects.
This document discusses various designs for digital multipliers. It begins by reviewing the basic building blocks used in digital circuits and how binary multiplication works by adding partial products. It then describes approaches for implementing multiplication, including right shift and add serial multipliers and faster parallel array and tree multipliers. Booth encoding is introduced as a technique to reduce the number of stages in a multiplier. Implementation details are provided for array and Wallace tree multipliers, including the use of compression cells like the (4,2) counter. Optimization goals for multipliers differ from adders in emphasizing reducing the critical path.
On the Performance Analysis of Multi-antenna Relaying System over Rayleigh Fa...IDES Editor
In this work, the end-to-end performance of an
amplify-and-forward multi-antenna infrastructure-based relay
(fixed relay) system over flat Rayleigh fading channel is
investigated. New closed form expressions for the statistics of
the received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are presented and
applied for studying the outage probability and the average
bit error rate of the digital receivers. The results reveal that
the system performance improves significantly (roughly 3 dB)
for M=2 over that for M=1 in both low and high signal-tonoise
ratio. However, little additional performance
improvement can be achieved for M>2 relative to M=2 at high
SNR.
In recent years, cooperative communication is a hot topic of research and it is a powerful physical layer
technique to combat fading in wireless relaying scenario. Concerning with the physical layer issues, in this
paper it is focussed on with providing a better space time block coding (STBC) scheme and incorporating it
in the cooperative relaying nodes to upgrade the system performance. Recently, the golden codes have
proven to exhibit a superior performance in a wireless MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) scenario
than any other code. However, a serious limitation associated with it is its increased decoding complexity.
This paper attempts to resolve this challenge through suitable modification of golden code such that a less
complex sphere decoder could be used without much compromising the error rates. The decoder complexity
is analyzed through simulation and it proves to exhibit less complexity compared to the conventional
(Maximum likelihood) ML decoder. The single relay cooperative STBC consisting of source, relay and
destination are considered. The cooperative protocol strategy considered in the relay node is Decode and
forward (DF) protocol. The proposed modified golden code with less complex sphere decoder is
implemented in the nodes of the cooperative relaying system to achieve better performance in the system.
The simulation results have validated the effectiveness of the proposed scheme by offering better BER
performance, minimum outage probability and increased spectral efficiency compared to the non
cooperative transmission method.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
PERFORMANCE OF WIMAX PHYSICAL LAYER WITH VARIATIONS IN CHANNEL CODING AND DIG...ijistjournal
The document analyzes the bit error rate (BER) performance of the WiMAX physical layer using different concatenated channel coding schemes and digital modulations under realistic channel conditions. Computer simulations show that a WiMAX system using concatenated CRC-CC channel coding and QAM modulation performs better than one using RS-CC coding, achieving a lower BER at a given SNR in additive white Gaussian noise, Rayleigh fading, and Rician fading channels. Specifically, the CRC-CC coded system reaches a BER of 10-4 at around 6 dB in AWGN channels, compared to over 6.6 dB for RS-CC coding.
Architecture for reliable service discoveryambitlick
The authors provide an overview of standardized service discovery and delivery solutions for mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). They propose a novel architecture that allows selecting a service provider based on metrics like the power supply of the provider and the path to the destination. This architecture is based on a decentralized approach using Service Location Protocol (SLP) extensions. It aims to provide reliable service discovery and delivery in MANETs by considering energy constraints affecting the network topology and connectivity.
17 9253 denial of impedance for mobile cellular (edit ari)IAESIJEECS
Wireless network broadly utilized today incorporate, cell system, remote cross section system (WMNs), remote neighbourhood and individual zone system. The expanding interest for these systems has transformed range into a valuable asset. Consequently, there is dependably a requirement for techniques to pack more bits/Hz. In this paper, we list the purposes behind this far reaching doubt, and talk about how present and future patterns will expand the need and reasonability of multiuser collectors for both the uplink, where numerous offbeat clients will be all the while identified, and the downlink, where clients will be planned and generally orthogonal zed, yet the portable handset will in any case need to adapt to a couple of predominant meddling base stations. New results for impedance wiping out beneficiaries that utilization traditional front finishes are appeared to ease a large number of the deficiencies of earlier systems, especially for the testing uplink. This paper gives a diagram of key late research leaps forward on obstruction cancelation, and highlights framework level contemplations for future multiuser recipients.
An Investigation of DAF Protocol in Wireless CommunicationIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on the differential amplify-and-forward (D-AF) cooperative communication protocol for wireless networks. It describes a system model with one source, multiple relays, and one destination node communicating over time-varying Rayleigh fading channels. New combining weights are proposed for reception at the destination based on the statistical properties of the wireless channels. Expressions for pairwise error probability and average bit error rate are derived. Simulation results show that the new weights provide more robust performance compared to standard combining, especially in scenarios with fast fading channels between the source/relays and destination.
IJCER (www.ijceronline.com) International Journal of computational Engineerin...ijceronline
This document summarizes a research paper on statistical multipath signal detection in CDMA for ad hoc networks. The paper presents simulation results of transmitting a signal through 5 different Rayleigh fading channels and selecting the signal with the highest SNR. The selected signal is then transmitted over an ad hoc network using a shortest path routing algorithm. Key aspects covered include: Rayleigh fading modeling, CDMA, OFDM, theoretical and simulated BER comparisons of BPSK over Rayleigh and AWGN channels, implementation of signal transmission over 5 channels in MATLAB, and use of the highest quality signal for transmission in an ad hoc network.
Joint Fixed Power Allocation and Partial Relay Selection Schemes for Cooperat...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In the future wireless systems, non-orthogonal multiple-access (NOMA) with partial relay selection scheme is considered as developing research topic. In this paper, dual-hop relaying systems is deployed for NOMA, in which the signals are communicated with the assistance of decode-and-forward (DF) scheme. This paper presents exact expressions for outage probability over independent Rayleigh fading channels, and two partial relay selection schemes are provided. Using analytical result and Monte-Carlo method, we introduce forwarding strategy selection for fixed user allocation and exactness of derived formula is checked. The presented simulations confirm the the advantage of such proposed NOMA, and the effectiveness of the proposed forwarding strategy.
Performance Analysis of AODV and DSDV - FINAL YEAR PROJECTRavi Teja P
This document is a project report submitted by three students for their Bachelor of Technology degree. It analyzes the performance of the AODV and DSDV routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) using the NS-2 network simulator. The report includes an introduction to MANETs, a literature review of routing protocols for MANETs including AODV and DSDV, a description of the simulation setup and design using NS-2, results of the simulations comparing the performance of AODV and DSDV under different metrics, and conclusions.
Analysis of Residue Number System based PN sequence in AWGN channelijsrd.com
The successful use of CDMA technology is based on the construction of large families of encoding sequences with good correlation properties. This paper discusses PN sequence generation based on Residue Arithmetic with an effort to improve the performance of existing interference-limited CDMA technology for mobile cellular systems. All spreading codes with residual number system proposed earlier did not consider external interferences, multipath propagation, Doppler effect etc. In literature the use of residual arithmetic in DS-CDMA was restricted to encoding of already spread sequence; where spreading of sequence is done by some existing techniques. The novelty of this paper is the use of residual number system in generation of the PN sequences which is used to spread the message signal. The significance of cross-correlation factor in alleviating multi-access interference is also discussed. The RNS based PN sequence has superior performance than most of the existing codes that are widely used in DS-CDMA applications. Simulation results suggest that the performance of the proposed system is superior to many existing systems.
Iterative network channel decoding with cooperative space-time transmissionijasuc
This document summarizes an iterative network-channel decoding scheme for cooperative space-time transmission with network coding. The scheme uses convolutional codes as network codes at the relay node and Reed-Solomon codes as channel codes at the user nodes. An iterative joint network-channel decoder exchanges soft information between convolutional code-based network decoder and Reed-Solomon code-based channel decoders. Extrinsic information transfer analysis is performed to investigate the convergence properties of the proposed iterative decoder.
This document summarizes a research paper that investigates reducing peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) in an MC-CDMA (Multicarrier Code Division Multiple Access) system using SLM (Selected Mapping) technique. It first provides background on MC-CDMA and the issue of high PAPR reducing system efficiency. It then describes the SLM technique, which pseudorandomly modifies signal phases to select versions with lower PAPR. The paper aims to study PAPR reduction using SLM for different modulation schemes, generating binary phase sequences from a Hadamard matrix. It outlines the MC-CDMA system model and transmitter structure, and notes that oversampling is needed to accurately calculate P
AGPM: An Authenticated Secure Group Communication Protocol for MANETsIDES Editor
This document summarizes the AGPM protocol for secure group communication in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). It authenticates mobile nodes using transitive signature schemes during routing. It establishes a collaborative group key using a tree-based approach and performs rekeying at time intervals instead of on every join/leave. Performance is evaluated against other protocols based on metrics like throughput, rekeying time, delay and overhead. Simulation results show AGPM has advantages over other protocols.
International Journal of Computer Science and Security Volume (2) Issue (4)CSCJournals
The document discusses two multistage interconnection networks - the Augmented Baseline Network (ABN) and a proposed Irregular Augmented Baseline Network (IABN). The IABN is designed to improve upon the ABN by providing three times more paths between source-destination pairs and adding an additional stage and auxiliary links. The reliability of the two networks is analyzed by calculating their mean time to failure (MTTF) using upper and lower bounds. The IABN is shown to provide better fault tolerance and reliability than the ABN at a small additional cost.
This document summarizes a study that compares the performance of the MAC layer in flat and hierarchical mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). The study uses simulation to analyze throughput and packet drops. It finds that throughput is the same for both network structures, but that hierarchical networks have fewer packet drops at the MAC layer. Specifically, packet drops only occurred at 3 nodes in the hierarchical network, whereas 14 nodes experienced drops in the flat network structure. Therefore, the hierarchical approach improves MAC layer performance by reducing packet drops.
The document analyzes and compares the performance of two Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols for wireless sensor networks: Sensor MAC (S-MAC) and Hybrid MAC (H-MAC).
[1] S-MAC is a contention-based protocol that reduces energy waste from idle listening by implementing synchronized sleep and listen schedules. Nodes form virtual clusters to wake up and communicate at the same time. H-MAC improves on this with a slotted frame structure that dynamically allocates slots.
[2] The performance of the two protocols is evaluated based on end-to-end delay, packet delivery ratio, packet drop rate, and energy consumption using the NS2 simulation tool.
[3] Spatial correlation
This document discusses approaches to avoid crosstalk in VLSI chip design. It introduces on-chip crosstalk avoidance techniques, focusing on bus encoding to mitigate capacitive crosstalk. Various memoryless and memory-based crosstalk avoidance codes are presented and compared. CODECs for encoding and decoding data transmitted on the bus are also discussed. The document aims to improve bus speed and reduce power consumption by avoiding undesirable crosstalk conditions through data encoding.
On chip crosstalk_avoidance_codec_design_using_fibonaccibharath naidu
This document describes the design and implementation of an efficient codec using a forbidden pattern free (FPF) and Fibonacci-based number system (FNS) for bus encoding. It discusses the specification of generating a 32-bit Fibonacci series and detecting forbidden patterns like 101 and 010. The codec consists of an encoder that encodes data using the FPF-FNS approach and a decoder that decodes the encoded data. Simulation results show that this codec design increases speed by over 2.5 times compared to traditional approaches by avoiding crosstalk and glitches through the use of the Fibonacci encoding scheme and forbidden pattern detection.
The document describes Cadence tutorials for a course on Very Large Scale Integrated Circuits. It outlines how to open a PuTTy and VNC connection to remotely access the Cadence software. It then explains how to run Cadence and introduces the basic design flow. It provides a tutorial on schematic entry by designing a CMOS inverter, generating a symbol from the schematic, and performing a transient simulation of the schematic. It also briefly describes layout drawing and other design steps.
Crosstalk Aware Bandwidth Modelling for VLSI RC Global Interconnects using 2-...Mr Santosh Kumar Chhotray
This document presents a method for estimating bandwidth and delay in VLSI global interconnects considering crosstalk noise. It models crosstalk using a 2-π model for two partially coupled interconnects. It derives analytic expressions for the aggressor and victim waveforms. It then estimates bandwidth by equating the victim noise waveform to 0.5Vdd and estimates delay by solving when the victim noise is equal to the aggressor waveform. The method is shown to estimate bandwidth and delay for different resistance values and is concluded to provide accurate modeling of crosstalk-aware VLSI global interconnects.
This document discusses various designs for digital multipliers. It begins by reviewing the basic building blocks used in digital circuits and how binary multiplication works by adding partial products. It then describes approaches for implementing multiplication, including right shift and add serial multipliers and faster parallel array and tree multipliers. Booth encoding is introduced as a technique to reduce the number of stages in a multiplier. Implementation details are provided for array and Wallace tree multipliers, including the use of compression cells like the (4,2) counter. Optimization goals for multipliers differ from adders in emphasizing reducing the critical path.
The document discusses the Crosstalk framework for building modular, composable, and resilient distributed systems in JavaScript. Some key points include:
- Crosstalk uses workers, primes, and gossip protocols to enable fault-tolerant distributed computing.
- Workers can communicate through message passing and perform request-reply patterns. Security features allow restricting which workers can interact.
- The framework includes APIs for building web services and using persistent storage.
- Crosstalk is open source and available through NPM for building distributed systems and applications in JavaScript.
VLSI stands for Very Large Scale Integration. Generally there are mainly 2 types of VLSI projects – 1. Projects in VLSI based System Design, 2. VLSI Design Projects. You might be confused to understand the difference between these 2 types of projects. Let me now explain to you.
Projects in VLSI based system design are the projects which involve the design of various types of digital systems that can be implemented on a PLD device like a FPGA or a CPLD.
This document summarizes techniques for minimizing crosstalk in VLSI designs. It discusses the VLSI design cycle and physical design cycle. Routing is a key stage that involves global and detailed routing. Crosstalk occurs due to mutual inductance and capacitance between wires and can affect signal integrity, delay, and timing. Basic approaches to reduce crosstalk include segregating wires, increasing spacing between wires, using ground shields, optimizing the net ordering and layer assignments. Specific techniques mentioned are widening spacing, minimizing wire heights and lengths of parallel runs, using differential routing, and routing orthogonal layers.
The document discusses minimizing crosstalk in VLSI routing. It begins with an overview of routing and discusses global routing versus detailed routing. It then covers crosstalk effects, including inductive and capacitive coupling between wires. Approaches to avoid crosstalk include segregating wires, increasing spacing, assigning wires to different layers, and estimating and minimizing crosstalk during routing. Techniques for detailed routing include net ordering, layer assignment, and rip-up and reroute to meet crosstalk constraints.
This document discusses low power VLSI design challenges and solutions. It motivates the need for low power design due to increasing power densities in VLSI chips and limited battery capacities. Sources of power dissipation in CMOS VLSI circuits are discussed including dynamic power during switching, static leakage power, and short circuit power. The document outlines various low power design methodologies at circuit, logic, architecture and software levels like reducing switching activity, glitch power reduction, gated clocking, reducing switched capacitance, using variable threshold voltages, and software optimizations.
The document describes the design and simulation of half adders, full adders, multiplexers, and demultiplexers using VHDL. It includes block diagrams, truth tables, and VHDL code for implementing these circuits using dataflow, behavioral, and structural modeling in Xilinx ISE. Code examples and output waveforms are provided for half adders, full adders, 4-to-1 multiplexers, and 1-to-4 demultiplexers. The aim is to learn how to design and simulate basic digital circuits using different VHDL modeling approaches.
Very Large Scale Integration is the technology used now a day everywhere. Diploma as well as degree students can refer this
(For Downloads, send me mail
agarwal.avanish@yahoo.com)
This document provides an overview of VLSI design for a course. It discusses topics including CMOS transistors and logic gates, VLSI levels of abstraction, the VLSI design process, design styles like full custom and ASIC, and trends like Moore's Law. The roadmap outlines topics to be covered like CMOS processing, combinational and sequential circuit design, and a design project to complete a chip. Course objectives are listed relating to VLSI analysis, layout design, and system design skills.
Analytical Delay Model for Distributed On-Chip RLCG Global Interconnects for ...IDES Editor
Fast delay estimation methods, as compared to
simulation techniques, are needed for incremental
performance-driven layout synthesis. On-chip inductive and
conductive effects are becoming predominant in deep
submicron (DSM) interconnects due to increasing clock
speeds; circuit complexity and interconnect lengths.
Inductance causes noise in the signal waveforms, which can
adversely affect the performance of the circuit and signal
integrity. Elmore delay-based estimation methods, although
efficient, fails to accurately estimate the delay for RLCG
interconnect lines. This paper presents an analytical delay
model, based on first and second moments of RLCG
interconnection lines, that considers the effect of inductance
and conductance for the estimation of delay in interconnection
lines. Simulation results justify the efficacy of the proposed
delay modelling approach.
A Bus Encoding Method for Crosstalk and Power Reduction in RC Coupled VLSI In...VLSICS Design
The performance factors such as propagation delay, power dissipation and crosstalk in RC modelled interconnects are major design issues for the System on-chip (SoC) designs in current Deep Submicron (DSM) era. The crosstalk effect is a consequence of coupling and switching activities that is encountered when there is a transition as compared to previous state of wire and or when there are transitions in adjacent wires. Therefore, minimization or elimination of switching and coupling activities is crucial in enhancing the performance of SoC designs. There are several methods for the reduction of power dissipation, crosstalk and delay. The encoding method is most effective and popular method for enhancing the behaviour of on-chip buses. This paper proposes encoding scheme to achieve overall reduction in transitions. The reduction in transition improves the performance in terms of reduced power dissipation, coupling activity and delay in on-chip buses. This encoding method is implemented using VHDL. The result evidently demonstrates reduction in transitions which consequently improves the overall performance of on-chip buses.
EFFECT OF EQUAL AND MISMATCHED SIGNAL TRANSITION TIME ON POWER DISSIPATION IN...VLSICS Design
High density chips have introduced problems like crosstalk noise and power dissipation. The mismatching in transition time of the inputs occurs because different lengths of interconnects lead to different parasitic values. This paper presents the analysis of the effect of equal and unequal (mismatched) transition time of inputs on power dissipation in coupled interconnects. Further, the effect of signal skew on transition time is analysed. To demonstrate the effects, a model of two distributed RLC lines coupled capacitively and inductively is taken into consideration. Each interconnect line is 4mm long and terminated by capacitive load of 30fF. The analysis is carried out for simultaneously switching lines. The results are obtained through SPICE simulations and waveforms are generated.
Carbon nano tube based delay model for high speed energy efficient on chip da...elelijjournal
Speed is a major concern for high density VLSI networks. In this paper the closed form delay model for current mode signalling in VLSI interconnects has been proposed with resistive load termination.RLC interconnect line is modelled using characteristic impedance of transmission line and inductive effect.The inductive effect is dominant at lower technology node is modelled into an equivalent resistance. In this model first order transfer function is designed using finite difference equation, and by applying the boundary conditions at the source and load termination. It has been observed that the dominant pole determines system response and delay in the proposed model. Using CNIA tool (carbon nanotube interconnect analyzer) the interconnect line parameters has been estimated at 45nm technology node. The novel proposed current mode model superiority has been validated for CNT type of material. It superiority factor remains to 66.66% as compared to voltage mode signalling. And current mode dissipates 0.015pJ energy where as VM consume 0.045pJ for a single bit transmission across the interconnect over CNT
material. Secondly the damping factor of a lumped RLC circuit is shown to be a useful figure of merit.
High Performance Data Bus Encoding Technique in DSM TechnologyIDES Editor
To increase the performance and reliability of
highly integrated circuits like DSP processors,
Microprocessors and SoCs, transistors sizes are continues to
scale towards Deep Submicron and Very Deep Submicron
dimensions . As more and more transistors are packed on the
chip to increase the functionality more metal layers are being
added to the integrated chips. Hence the performance of the
chips depends more on the performance of global interconnect
and on-chip busses than gate performance. The performance
of the global interconnects and on-chip data busses is limited
by switching activity, energy dissipation and noise such as
crosstalk, leakage, supply noise and process variations etc.
which are the side effects of the technology scaling. To increase
the performance of overall system it is necessary to control
and reduce these technology scaling effects on on-chip data
buses. One of the favorable techniques to increase the
efficiency of the data buses is to encode the data on the onchip
bus. Data encoding technique is the promising method to
increase the performance of the data bus and hence overall
system performance. Hence high performance data bus
encoding technique is propose which reduces switching
activity, transition energy dissipation, crosstalk and crosstalk
delay. The proposed method reduces the switching activity by
around 23%, energy dissipation by 46%, 6C, 5C and 4C type
crosstalk by around 89%, 73% and 31% respectively and
crosstalk delay by around 44% to 50% compare to unencoded
data.
BUS ENCODER FOR CROSSTALK AVOIDANCE IN RLC MODELED VLSICS Design
The document proposes a bus encoder design to reduce crosstalk and power dissipation in RLC modeled VLSI interconnects. It introduces a modified bus invert encoding method using counters to count different types of crosstalk couplings. The encoder divides the data bus into clusters of 4 data bits and 1 control bit. It uses counters to count type-0, type-1 couplings with original and inverted data. The counts are compared and the control bit determines if original or inverted data is transmitted, reducing switching activity and crosstalk. Simulation results show the proposed encoder reduces power dissipation and crosstalk induced delay by 55.43% and 45.87% respectively compared to previous designs.
Due to increasing complexity, space and cost of communication network, the Electric Power Network has been considered a great option for the solution of all problems. Power line communications (PLC) term stands for the technologies for the data communication over the electrical power supply network. Existing power system is not designed for having data transfer. In this paper we have developed a simulation model of power-line for low voltage distribution network in home. Impulse response of the channel is generated in order to characterize the behavior of power line channel for high speed data communication purpose. To represent Multi-branch network mathematically, ABCD matrix parameters are used. Load mismatching is experimented on three parameters multiple loading, multi branch and different cable length and analysis is presented of its effect on impulse response. All the simulation work has been done using MATLAB.
Iaetsd increasing network life span of manet by usingIaetsd Iaetsd
This document proposes algorithms to maximize network lifetime in wireless sensor networks using cooperative MAC protocols. It formulates the problems of minimizing transmission power and maximizing network lifetime as cross-layer optimization problems considering routing, relay selection, and power allocation. Distributed algorithms are presented that solve these problems for both direct transmission and cooperative transmission modes. The algorithms select routes and relay nodes to minimize power consumption or equalize node lifetimes while meeting requirements for transmission success probability and rate.
IRJET- Bit Error Rate (BER) Performance Evaluation of Reference Channel for P...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the performance evaluation of reference channels for power line communication (PLC) using a multipath channel modeling technique.
2) It analyzes a multipath technique based on time domain modeling and simulates a practical multipath PLC channel model using reference channels to evaluate performance.
3) The analysis provides bit-error-rate curves for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing under the reference channels to compare performance and propose a practical reference channel for effective power line communication.
Novel Global Elmore Delay Optimized Model with Improved Elmore Delay Estimati...IRJET Journal
This document discusses interconnect optimization in VLSI circuits. It proposes a novel interconnect architecture with an enhanced Elmore delay estimation model to reduce power consumption and delay. The key points are:
1. Interconnects have an increasing impact on circuit performance as feature sizes shrink. The proposed model aims to optimize RC structures to control power and delay.
2. Pulse and ramp inputs are used to estimate delay and power consumption in lumped and distributed RC circuits. A novel architecture with two sections of halved R and C values is introduced.
3. Simulation results show the proposed architecture achieves a 64.25% delay improvement for lumped circuits and 68.75% for distributed circuits compared to earlier Elmore
Lantiq/Intel Contributions to G.fast at Scientific ConferencesLantiq
This document summarizes research on achievable data rates for hybrid copper/fiber networks using G.fast technology. It finds that linear precoding methods like zero-forcing perform well for shorter copper line lengths, while nonlinear methods have advantages for longer lines. The work analyzes performance losses from implementation limitations and proposes optimizing the transmit spectrum to improve achievable rates by incorporating these limitations into the optimization process. Rate-reach curves are generated based on a statistical channel model and constraints from the G.fast standard.
1) Crosstalk noise in deep submicron circuits can destroy logic and introduce delay uncertainty, limiting circuit speed. Noise is modeled and analyzed to depend significantly on the ratio of driver strengths between adjacent wires.
2) Uniform driver strengths are proposed to limit peak noise between any pair of nets to around 25% of the supply voltage, avoiding logic errors. A capacitance management policy breaks high fanout nets into buffered trees to make capacitances uniform.
3) An experimental design flow is presented to synthesize circuits using a uniform driver strength matched to typical capacitance. Results show this reduces delay uncertainty compared to post-layout corrections.
Crosstalk noise is a major concern for deep submicrometer VLSI circuits due to increased capacitive coupling between wires. This document proposes considering crosstalk noise effects earlier in the design flow, during logic synthesis, before detailed layout information is available. It analyzes how noise is affected by basic circuit parameters like driver strength. Uniform driver strengths are shown to limit crosstalk effectively. The paper then proposes a noise-aware design flow to control driver strength ratios during synthesis. Experiments applying this flow to processor blocks show it can reduce timing uncertainty from up to 18% to below 3% of clock cycle time, with area/power penalties under 20%.
Optimal Transmit Power and Packet Size in Wireless Sensor Networks in Shadowe...IDES Editor
This paper investigates the effects of
shadowing on the optimal transmit power required to
sustain the network connectivity while maintaining a
predefined maximum tolerable Bit Error Rate (BER) in
a Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). Optimization of
transmit power is of great importance in WSN since
sensor nodes are battery driven and optimization helps
to increase battery life by reducing inter node
interference significantly. An infinite Automatic Repeat
Request (ARQ) model has been considered to assess the
impact of shadowing and other network conditions on
energy requirement for successful packet transmission in
WSN. We also find the optimal packet length based on
energy efficiency. Effects of shadowing on optimal packet
size and energy efficiency in packetized data
transmission are also investigated. Further energy
consumption is minimized considering a variable packet
length based transmission. Use of optimal packet size
shows a significant reduction in energy spending.
Performance of symmetric and asymmetric links in wireless networks IJECEIAES
Wireless networks are designed to provide the enabling infrastructure for emerging technological advancements. The main characteristics of wireless networks are: Mobility, power constraints, high packet loss, and lower bandwidth. Nodes’ mobility is a crucial consideration for wireless networks, as nodes are moving all the time, and this may result in loss of connectivity in the network. The goal of this work is to explore the effect of replacing the generally held assumption of symmetric radii for wireless networks with asymmetric radii. This replacement may have a direct impact on the connectivity, throughput, and collision avoidance mechanism of mobile networks. The proposed replacement may also impact other mobile protocol’s functionality. In this work, we are mainly concerned with building and maintaining fully connected wireless network with the asymmetric assumption. For this extent, we propose to study the effect of the asymmetric links assumption on the network performance using extensive simulation experiments. Extensive simulation experiments were performed to measure the impact of these parameters. Finally, a resource allocation scheme for wireless networks is proposed for the dual rate scenario. The performance of the proposed framework is evaluated using simulation.
This project presentation summarizes the work of two projects. Project 1 generalizes the standard theory of small reflections to analyze multi-section transformers composed of cascaded transmission lines with small discontinuities. Project 2 derives a formula for the coupling coefficient between a dielectric resonator and microstrip line through transmission line analysis. The projects are reviewed, their objectives and methods are analyzed, results are discussed including MATLAB simulations, and thanks are given at the end.
The Approach on Influence of Biasing Circuit in Wideband Low Noise Amplifier ...IJEACS
This proposed work investigates the effects of biasing
circuit in the ultra-wideband microwave low noise amplifier
which operates between 3GHz to 10GHz. The complete circuit is
visualized the importance of every component in the design with
respect to linear measurements like Gain, Noise Figure, Return
loss under unconditionally stable condition. The design and
realization are made by using Hybrid Microwave integrated
circuit in AWR microwave office. The thing that is absolutely
necessary and frequently the difficult step in the design of an
LNA is 'biasing circuit design'. The difficulty situation arises
because traditional methods LNA by using S-parameters data
files in EDA tools provides almost all linear measurements.
Hence a number of time consuming iterations of different biasing
circuits with optimization methods may be required to reach
targeted specifications with the fixed operating point at the
desired points in the load line. Considering this behavior, various
alternate biasing circuit schemes are prepared and founded the
results associated with it. Furthermore, this paper unmistakably
clarifies the impacts of the biasing circuit by utilizing
intermodulation and harmonics distortion technique for
portrayal characterization. Different cases and sorts of the
biasing circuits with various biasing focuses have been tested and given clear perspective of the biasing ideas.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
This document discusses improving connectivity in ad hoc networks using smart antennas. It first provides background on factors that affect connectivity such as transmission power, interference, and random shadowing effects. It then models connectivity for an ad hoc network using a honey grid model and examines how random shadowing can allow connections beyond the expected range but prevent some within range. The document proposes using smart antennas to reduce interference, increase gain, and improve transmission power and connectivity. It models the impact of interference on signal-to-interference ratio and link probability and explains how smart antennas can improve connectivity by directing signals and nulling interference. Simulation results are discussed to show how network topology impacts connectivity.
This document summarizes research on improving the capacity of cellular systems using fractional frequency reuse (FFR). It discusses how frequency reuse is used to increase the number of users that can be served but causes interference, particularly for cell edge users. Fractional frequency reuse is proposed to solve this problem by allocating different frequency sets to cell center and edge users to reduce interference. The document also reviews different types of interference (co-channel and adjacent channel) and how power control can help reduce interference in cellular systems.
Capacity Improvement of Cellular System Using Fractional Frequency Reuse (FFR)IJEEE
Today wireless communication is mostly used rather than wired communication, due to remote location reach ability, less fault occurrence, less time to commissioning and low cost etc. But wireless network has less frequency spectrum to cover the whole world. To improve the capacity of cellular system in a limited spectrum without major technological changes, frequency is reused in cells. But it offers interferences mostly for cell edge users. To solve the problem of spectral congestion and user capacity, fractional frequency reuse is used. This paper gives idea about different frequency reuse factors, fractional frequency reuse and super cell with sectoring to improve the capacity of cellular system.
Similar to Modelling of Crosstalk and Delay for Distributed RLCG On-Chip Interconnects For Ramp Input (20)
Power System State Estimation - A ReviewIDES Editor
This document provides a review of power system state estimation techniques. It discusses both static and dynamic state estimation algorithms. For static state estimation, it covers weighted least squares, decoupled, and robust estimation methods. Weighted least squares is commonly used but can have numerical instability issues. Decoupled state estimation approximates the gain matrix for faster computation. Robust estimation uses M-estimators and other techniques to handle outliers and bad data. Dynamic state estimation applies Kalman filtering, leapfrog algorithms, and other methods to continuously monitor system states over time.
Artificial Intelligence Technique based Reactive Power Planning Incorporating...IDES Editor
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes using artificial intelligence techniques and FACTS controllers for reactive power planning in real-time power transmission systems. The paper formulates the reactive power planning problem and incorporates flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices like static VAR compensators (SVC), thyristor controlled series capacitors (TCSC), and unified power flow controllers (UPFC). Evolutionary algorithms like evolutionary programming (EP) and differential evolution (DE) are applied to find the optimal locations and settings of the FACTS controllers to minimize losses and costs. Simulation results on IEEE 30-bus and 72-bus Indian test systems show that UPFC performs best in reducing losses compared to SVC and TCSC.
Design and Performance Analysis of Genetic based PID-PSS with SVC in a Multi-...IDES Editor
Damping of power system oscillations with the help
of proposed optimal Proportional Integral Derivative Power
System Stabilizer (PID-PSS) and Static Var Compensator
(SVC)-based controllers are thoroughly investigated in this
paper. This study presents robust tuning of PID-PSS and
SVC-based controllers using Genetic Algorithms (GA) in
multi machine power systems by considering detailed model
of the generators (model 1.1). The effectiveness of FACTSbased
controllers in general and SVC-based controller in
particular depends upon their proper location. Modal
controllability and observability are used to locate SVC–based
controller. The performance of the proposed controllers is
compared with conventional lead-lag power system stabilizer
(CPSS) and demonstrated on 10 machines, 39 bus New England
test system. Simulation studies show that the proposed genetic
based PID-PSS with SVC based controller provides better
performance.
Optimal Placement of DG for Loss Reduction and Voltage Sag Mitigation in Radi...IDES Editor
This paper presents the need to operate the power
system economically and with optimum levels of voltages has
further led to an increase in interest in Distributed
Generation. In order to reduce the power losses and to improve
the voltage in the distribution system, distributed generators
(DGs) are connected to load bus. To reduce the total power
losses in the system, the most important process is to identify
the proper location for fixing and sizing of DGs. It presents a
new methodology using a new population based meta heuristic
approach namely Artificial Bee Colony algorithm(ABC) for
the placement of Distributed Generators(DG) in the radial
distribution systems to reduce the real power losses and to
improve the voltage profile, voltage sag mitigation. The power
loss reduction is important factor for utility companies because
it is directly proportional to the company benefits in a
competitive electricity market, while reaching the better power
quality standards is too important as it has vital effect on
customer orientation. In this paper an ABC algorithm is
developed to gain these goals all together. In order to evaluate
sag mitigation capability of the proposed algorithm, voltage
in voltage sensitive buses is investigated. An existing 20KV
network has been chosen as test network and results are
compared with the proposed method in the radial distribution
system.
Line Losses in the 14-Bus Power System Network using UPFCIDES Editor
Controlling power flow in modern power systems
can be made more flexible by the use of recent developments
in power electronic and computing control technology. The
Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is a Flexible AC
transmission system (FACTS) device that can control all the
three system variables namely line reactance, magnitude and
phase angle difference of voltage across the line. The UPFC
provides a promising means to control power flow in modern
power systems. Essentially the performance depends on proper
control setting achievable through a power flow analysis
program. This paper presents a reliable method to meet the
requirements by developing a Newton-Raphson based load
flow calculation through which control settings of UPFC can
be determined for the pre-specified power flow between the
lines. The proposed method keeps Newton-Raphson Load Flow
(NRLF) algorithm intact and needs (little modification in the
Jacobian matrix). A MATLAB program has been developed to
calculate the control settings of UPFC and the power flow
between the lines after the load flow is converged. Case studies
have been performed on IEEE 5-bus system and 14-bus system
to show that the proposed method is effective. These studies
indicate that the method maintains the basic NRLF properties
such as fast computational speed, high degree of accuracy and
good convergence rate.
Study of Structural Behaviour of Gravity Dam with Various Features of Gallery...IDES Editor
The size and shape of opening in dam causes the
stress concentration, it also causes the stress variation in the
rest of the dam cross section. The gravity method of the analysis
does not consider the size of opening and the elastic property
of dam material. Thus the objective of study is comprises of
the Finite Element Method which considers the size of
opening, elastic property of material, and stress distribution
because of geometric discontinuity in cross section of dam.
Stress concentration inside the dam increases with the opening
in dam which results in the failure of dam. Hence it is
necessary to analyses large opening inside the dam. By making
the percentage area of opening constant and varying size and
shape of opening the analysis is carried out. For this purpose
a section of Koyna Dam is considered. Dam is defined as a
plane strain element in FEM, based on geometry and loading
condition. Thus this available information specified our path
of approach to carry out 2D plane strain analysis. The results
obtained are then compared mutually to get most efficient
way of providing large opening in the gravity dam.
Assessing Uncertainty of Pushover Analysis to Geometric ModelingIDES Editor
Pushover Analysis a popular tool for seismic
performance evaluation of existing and new structures and is
nonlinear Static procedure where in monotonically increasing
loads are applied to the structure till the structure is unable
to resist the further load .During the analysis, whatever the
strength of concrete and steel is adopted for analysis of
structure may not be the same when real structure is
constructed and the pushover analysis results are very sensitive
to material model adopted, geometric model adopted, location
of plastic hinges and in general to procedure followed by the
analyzer. In this paper attempt has been made to assess
uncertainty in pushover analysis results by considering user
defined hinges and frame modeled as bare frame and frame
with slab modeled as rigid diaphragm and results compared
with experimental observations. Uncertain parameters
considered includes the strength of concrete, strength of steel
and cover to the reinforcement which are randomly generated
and incorporated into the analysis. The results are then
compared with experimental observations.
Secure Multi-Party Negotiation: An Analysis for Electronic Payments in Mobile...IDES Editor
This document summarizes and analyzes secure multi-party negotiation protocols for electronic payments in mobile computing. It presents a framework for secure multi-party decision protocols using lightweight implementations. The main focus is on synchronizing security features to avoid agreement manipulation and reduce user traffic. The paper describes negotiation between an auctioneer and bidders, showing multiparty security is better than existing systems. It analyzes the performance of encryption algorithms like ECC, XTR, and RSA for use in the multiparty negotiation protocols.
Selfish Node Isolation & Incentivation using Progressive ThresholdsIDES Editor
The problems associated with selfish nodes in
MANET are addressed by a collaborative watchdog approach
which reduces the detection time for selfish nodes thereby
improves the performance and accuracy of watchdogs[1]. In
the related works they make use of credit based systems, reputation
based mechanisms, pathrater and watchdog mechanism
to detect such selfish nodes. In this paper we follow an approach
of collaborative watchdog which reduces the detection
time for selfish nodes and also involves the removal of such
selfish nodes based on some progressively assessed thresholds.
The threshold gives the nodes a chance to stop misbehaving
before it is permanently deleted from the network.
The node passes through several isolation processes before it
is permanently removed. Another version of AODV protocol
is used here which allows the simulation of selfish nodes in
NS2 by adding or modifying log files in the protocol.
Various OSI Layer Attacks and Countermeasure to Enhance the Performance of WS...IDES Editor
Wireless sensor networks are networks having non
wired infrastructure and dynamic topology. In OSI model each
layer is prone to various attacks, which halts the performance
of a network .In this paper several attacks on four layers of
OSI model are discussed and security mechanism is described
to prevent attack in network layer i.e wormhole attack. In
Wormhole attack two or more malicious nodes makes a covert
channel which attracts the traffic towards itself by depicting a
low latency link and then start dropping and replaying packets
in the multi-path route. This paper proposes promiscuous mode
method to detect and isolate the malicious node during
wormhole attack by using Ad-hoc on demand distance vector
routing protocol (AODV) with omnidirectional antenna. The
methodology implemented notifies that the nodes which are
not participating in multi-path routing generates an alarm
message during delay and then detects and isolate the
malicious node from network. We also notice that not only
the same kind of attacks but also the same kind of
countermeasures can appear in multiple layer. For example,
misbehavior detection techniques can be applied to almost all
the layers we discussed.
Responsive Parameter based an AntiWorm Approach to Prevent Wormhole Attack in...IDES Editor
The recent advancements in the wireless technology
and their wide-spread deployment have made remarkable
enhancements in efficiency in the corporate and industrial
and Military sectors The increasing popularity and usage of
wireless technology is creating a need for more secure wireless
Ad hoc networks. This paper aims researched and developed
a new protocol that prevents wormhole attacks on a ad hoc
network. A few existing protocols detect wormhole attacks but
they require highly specialized equipment not found on most
wireless devices. This paper aims to develop a defense against
wormhole attacks as an Anti-worm protocol which is based on
responsive parameters, that does not require as a significant
amount of specialized equipment, trick clock synchronization,
no GPS dependencies.
Cloud Security and Data Integrity with Client Accountability FrameworkIDES Editor
This document summarizes a proposed cloud security and data integrity framework that provides client accountability. The framework aims to address issues like lack of user control over cloud data, need for data transparency and tracking, and ensuring data integrity. It proposes using JAR (Java Archive) files for data sharing due to benefits like portability. The framework incorporates client-side verification using MD5 hashing, digital signature-based authentication of JAR files, and use of HMAC to ensure data integrity. It also uses password-based encryption of log files to keep them tamper-proof. The framework is intended to provide both accountability and security for data sharing in cloud environments.
Genetic Algorithm based Layered Detection and Defense of HTTP BotnetIDES Editor
A System state in HTTP botnet uses HTTP protocol
for the creation of chain of Botnets thereby compromising
other systems. By using HTTP protocol and port number 80,
attacks can not only be hidden but also pass through the
firewall without being detected. The DPR based detection
leads to better analysis of botnet attacks [3]. However, it
provides only probabilistic detection of the attacker and also
time consuming and error prone. This paper proposes a Genetic
algorithm based layered approach for detecting as well as
preventing botnet attacks. The paper reviews p2p firewall
implementation which forms the basis of filtering.
Performance evaluation is done based on precision, F-value
and probability. Layered approach reduces the computation
and overall time requirement [7]. Genetic algorithm promises
a low false positive rate.
Enhancing Data Storage Security in Cloud Computing Through SteganographyIDES Editor
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a method for enhancing data security in cloud computing through steganography. The method hides user data in digital images stored on cloud servers. When data needs to be accessed, it is extracted from the images. The document outlines the cloud architecture and security issues addressed. It then describes the proposed system architecture, security model, and data storage and retrieval process. Data is partitioned and hidden in multiple images to improve security. The goal is to prevent unauthorized access to user data stored on cloud servers.
The main tasks of a Wireless Sensor Network
(WSN) are data collection from its nodes and communication
of this data to the base station (BS). The protocols used for
communication among the WSN nodes and between the WSN
and the BS, must consider the resource constraints of nodes,
battery energy, computational capabilities and memory. The
WSN applications involve unattended operation of the network
over an extended period of time. In order to extend the lifetime
of a WSN, efficient routing protocols need to be adopted. The
proposed low power routing protocol based on tree-based
network structure reliably forwards the measured data towards
the BS using TDMA. An energy consumption analysis of the
WSN making use of this protocol is also carried out. It is
found that the network is energy efficient with an average
duty cycle of 0:7% for the WSN nodes. The OmNET++
simulation platform along with MiXiM framework is made
use of.
Permutation of Pixels within the Shares of Visual Cryptography using KBRP for...IDES Editor
The security of authentication of internet based
co-banking services should not be susceptible to high risks.
The passwords are highly vulnerable to virus attacks due to
the lack of high end embedding of security methods. In order
for the passwords to be more secure, people are generally
compelled to select jumbled up character based passwords
which are not only less memorable but are also equally prone
to insecurity. Multiple use of distributed shares has been
studied to solve the problem of authentication by algorithms
based on thresholding of pixels in image processing and visual
cryptography concepts where the subset of shares is considered
for the recovery of the original image for authentication using
correlation function[1][2].The main disadvantage in the above
study is the plain storage of shares and also one of the shares
is being supplied to the customer, which will lead to the
possibility of misuse by a third party. This paper proposes a
technique for scrambling of pixels by key based random
permutation (KBRP) within the shares before the
authentication has been attempted. Total number of shares to
be created is dependent on the multiplicity of ownership of
the account. By this method the problem of uncertainty among
the customers with regard to security, storage, retrieval of
holding of half of the shares is minimized.
This paper presents a trifocal Rotman Lens Design
approach. The effects of focal ratio and element spacing on
the performance of Rotman Lens are described. A three beam
prototype feeding 4 element antenna array working in L-band
has been simulated using RLD v1.7 software. Simulated
results show that the simulated lens has a return loss of –
12.4dB at 1.8GHz. Beam to array port phase error variation
with change in the focal ratio and element spacing has also
been investigated.
Band Clustering for the Lossless Compression of AVIRIS Hyperspectral ImagesIDES Editor
Hyperspectral images can be efficiently compressed
through a linear predictive model, as for example the one
used in the SLSQ algorithm. In this paper we exploit this
predictive model on the AVIRIS images by individuating,
through an off-line approach, a common subset of bands, which
are not spectrally related with any other bands. These bands
are not useful as prediction reference for the SLSQ 3-D
predictive model and we need to encode them via other
prediction strategies which consider only spatial correlation.
We have obtained this subset by clustering the AVIRIS bands
via the clustering by compression approach. The main result
of this paper is the list of the bands, not related with the
others, for AVIRIS images. The clustering trees obtained for
AVIRIS and the relationship among bands they depict is also
an interesting starting point for future research.
Microelectronic Circuit Analogous to Hydrogen Bonding Network in Active Site ...IDES Editor
A microelectronic circuit of block-elements
functionally analogous to two hydrogen bonding networks is
investigated. The hydrogen bonding networks are extracted
from â-lactamase protein and are formed in its active site.
Each hydrogen bond of the network is described in equivalent
electrical circuit by three or four-terminal block-element.
Each block-element is coded in Matlab. Static and dynamic
analyses are performed. The resultant microelectronic circuit
analogous to the hydrogen bonding network operates as
current mirror, sine pulse source, triangular pulse source as
well as signal modulator.
Texture Unit based Monocular Real-world Scene Classification using SOM and KN...IDES Editor
In this paper a method is proposed to discriminate
real world scenes in to natural and manmade scenes of similar
depth. Global-roughness of a scene image varies as a function
of image-depth. Increase in image depth leads to increase in
roughness in manmade scenes; on the contrary natural scenes
exhibit smooth behavior at higher image depth. This particular
arrangement of pixels in scene structure can be well explained
by local texture information in a pixel and its neighborhood.
Our proposed method analyses local texture information of a
scene image using texture unit matrix. For final classification
we have used both supervised and unsupervised learning using
K-Nearest Neighbor classifier (KNN) and Self Organizing
Map (SOM) respectively. This technique is useful for online
classification due to very less computational complexity.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 5DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 5. In this session, we will cover CI/CD with devops.
Topics covered:
CI/CD with in UiPath
End-to-end overview of CI/CD pipeline with Azure devops
Speaker:
Lyndsey Byblow, Test Suite Sales Engineer @ UiPath, Inc.
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success StorySafe Software
Are you ready to revolutionize how you handle data? Join us for a webinar where we’ll bring you up to speed with the latest advancements in Generative AI technology and discover how leveraging FME with tools from giants like Google Gemini, Amazon, and Microsoft OpenAI can supercharge your workflow efficiency.
During the hour, we’ll take you through:
Guest Speaker Segment with Hannah Barrington: Dive into the world of dynamic real estate marketing with Hannah, the Marketing Manager at Workspace Group. Hear firsthand how their team generates engaging descriptions for thousands of office units by integrating diverse data sources—from PDF floorplans to web pages—using FME transformers, like OpenAIVisionConnector and AnthropicVisionConnector. This use case will show you how GenAI can streamline content creation for marketing across the board.
Ollama Use Case: Learn how Scenario Specialist Dmitri Bagh has utilized Ollama within FME to input data, create custom models, and enhance security protocols. This segment will include demos to illustrate the full capabilities of FME in AI-driven processes.
Custom AI Models: Discover how to leverage FME to build personalized AI models using your data. Whether it’s populating a model with local data for added security or integrating public AI tools, find out how FME facilitates a versatile and secure approach to AI.
We’ll wrap up with a live Q&A session where you can engage with our experts on your specific use cases, and learn more about optimizing your data workflows with AI.
This webinar is ideal for professionals seeking to harness the power of AI within their data management systems while ensuring high levels of customization and security. Whether you're a novice or an expert, gain actionable insights and strategies to elevate your data processes. Join us to see how FME and AI can revolutionize how you work with data!
AI 101: An Introduction to the Basics and Impact of Artificial IntelligenceIndexBug
Imagine a world where machines not only perform tasks but also learn, adapt, and make decisions. This is the promise of Artificial Intelligence (AI), a technology that's not just enhancing our lives but revolutionizing entire industries.
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and MilvusZilliz
Spark is the widely used ETL tool for processing, indexing and ingesting data to serving stack for search. Milvus is the production-ready open-source vector database. In this talk we will show how to use Spark to process unstructured data to extract vector representations, and push the vectors to Milvus vector database for search serving.
How to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptxdanishmna97
Pakdata Cf is a groundbreaking system designed to streamline and facilitate access to CNIC information. This innovative platform leverages advanced technology to provide users with efficient and secure access to their CNIC details.
Infrastructure Challenges in Scaling RAG with Custom AI modelsZilliz
Building Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems with open-source and custom AI models is a complex task. This talk explores the challenges in productionizing RAG systems, including retrieval performance, response synthesis, and evaluation. We’ll discuss how to leverage open-source models like text embeddings, language models, and custom fine-tuned models to enhance RAG performance. Additionally, we’ll cover how BentoML can help orchestrate and scale these AI components efficiently, ensuring seamless deployment and management of RAG systems in the cloud.
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...SOFTTECHHUB
The choice of an operating system plays a pivotal role in shaping our computing experience. For decades, Microsoft's Windows has dominated the market, offering a familiar and widely adopted platform for personal and professional use. However, as technological advancements continue to push the boundaries of innovation, alternative operating systems have emerged, challenging the status quo and offering users a fresh perspective on computing.
One such alternative that has garnered significant attention and acclaim is Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, a sleek, powerful, and user-friendly Linux distribution that promises to redefine the way we interact with our devices. With its focus on performance, security, and customization, Nitrux Linux presents a compelling case for those seeking to break free from the constraints of proprietary software and embrace the freedom and flexibility of open-source computing.
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/building-and-scaling-ai-applications-with-the-nx-ai-manager-a-presentation-from-network-optix/
Robin van Emden, Senior Director of Data Science at Network Optix, presents the “Building and Scaling AI Applications with the Nx AI Manager,” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
In this presentation, van Emden covers the basics of scaling edge AI solutions using the Nx tool kit. He emphasizes the process of developing AI models and deploying them globally. He also showcases the conversion of AI models and the creation of effective edge AI pipelines, with a focus on pre-processing, model conversion, selecting the appropriate inference engine for the target hardware and post-processing.
van Emden shows how Nx can simplify the developer’s life and facilitate a rapid transition from concept to production-ready applications.He provides valuable insights into developing scalable and efficient edge AI solutions, with a strong focus on practical implementation.
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracyTomaz Bratanic
GraphRAG for life science domain, where you retriever information from biomedical knowledge graphs using LLMs to increase the accuracy and performance of generated answers
Maruthi Prithivirajan, Head of ASEAN & IN Solution Architecture, Neo4j
Get an inside look at the latest Neo4j innovations that enable relationship-driven intelligence at scale. Learn more about the newest cloud integrations and product enhancements that make Neo4j an essential choice for developers building apps with interconnected data and generative AI.
Best 20 SEO Techniques To Improve Website Visibility In SERPPixlogix Infotech
Boost your website's visibility with proven SEO techniques! Our latest blog dives into essential strategies to enhance your online presence, increase traffic, and rank higher on search engines. From keyword optimization to quality content creation, learn how to make your site stand out in the crowded digital landscape. Discover actionable tips and expert insights to elevate your SEO game.
Goodbye Windows 11: Make Way for Nitrux Linux 3.5.0!SOFTTECHHUB
As the digital landscape continually evolves, operating systems play a critical role in shaping user experiences and productivity. The launch of Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 marks a significant milestone, offering a robust alternative to traditional systems such as Windows 11. This article delves into the essence of Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, exploring its unique features, advantages, and how it stands as a compelling choice for both casual users and tech enthusiasts.
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away