The document discusses the Ministry of Urban Development's initiatives on Transit Oriented Development (TOD), Non-Motorized Transport (NMT), and Public Bicycle Sharing (PBS) in India. It outlines the objectives to enhance cities' capacity in implementing plans for these areas through guidance documents and workshops. The guidance documents cover principles and definitions for TOD, NMT, and PBS to help cities plan in a standardized yet flexible manner. The overall goal is to integrate these concepts and move away from automobile-focused development towards more sustainable people-centered urban mobility.

1. R K Singh
Director (UT), MoUD
Ministry of Urban Development’s initiatives on Transit Oriented
Development (TOD),
Non-Motorised Transport (NMT) and Public Bicycle Sharing (PBS)

2. Mumbai, 1910 Calcutta, 1930
Where we started…
• Urban areas were based around compact, mixed use, walkable communities
• Human scaled mixed use buildings, and active street frontages

3. Where we have reached…
New DelhiChennai
• We embraced automobiles and planned around them.
• Success was measured by how efficiently roads worked.

4. Where we are headed…
Gurgaon Naya Raipur
• New cities are also planned for the automobile as a “symbol of development”,
• rapid population growth, increased automobile ownership has led to great mobility challenges
• Crumbling infrastructure systems which continue to define the image and quality of life in Indian cities.

5. Population (Lakh) Trip Rate Total Trip NMT (%) NMT Trip (Lakh)
7.50 1.1 8.25 50 4.1
15.00 1.3 19.5 43 8.4
30.00 1.4 42 42 17.6
60.00 1.6 96 35 33.6
80.00 1.8 144 30 43.2
Source: Study MoUD, 2008
Estimated Trips (2021)
Significant proportion of Non-Motorized Trips (NMT) is anticipated
Past Trend of
Cycle Share
0
10
20
30
40
50
1980 1990 2000 2007
CycleShare(%)
Nagpur Delhi Bhubneswar Indore Ahmedabad
Significant
reduction in cycle
share over period
of time
NMT Scenario in India

6. Existing Desirable
Nasty and encroached
Open Drainage
Clean , comfortable and well connected
Issues – Lack of Adequate Infrastructure
Conventional planning approaches have focused
on vehicular movement over people movement

7. Opportunities for Indian cities
Janmarg, Ahmedabad
Raahgiri
Cycling Delhi Cycle Tracks
• We need to return to planning cities around
people.
• India has an opportunity to get it right the first
time & avoid the mistakes made elsewhere in
planning

8. Source: ITDP
Under Sustainable Urban Transport
Project (SUTP), an initiative of MoUD to
build capacity of government officials at
national, state and local level, Guidance
documents for Non-motorized
Transportation, Public Bike Sharing, Transit-
oriented Development has been developed.
OBJECTIVES
• Enhance capacity in implementing plans
for Non-motorized Transportation,
Public Bike Sharing, Transit-oriented
Development
• Develop Guidance Documents (GDs) and
Conduct Workshops
• Prepare City-specific Plans to test the
GDs in consultation with cities

9. Capacity Building Workshops

10. • National-level Workshops
• Increase awareness on the three emerging
concepts of TOD, NMT & PBS
• Select demonstration cities for City Specific
Plans
• City Specific capacity building workshops to
increase awareness of policy leaders, decision
makers and consultants.
• TOD- Mumbai | Bhopal
• NMT- Visakhapatnam | Aizawl
• PBS- Gurgaon | Vadodara
• Capacity Building workshops with students at
School of Planning and Architecture to have a
clear base for making better cities.
Capacity Building Workshops

11. • Streamline the process of planning in the
country
• Avoid duplication of effort by individual
governments/ municipalities
• Sensitive to contextual variations and
on-ground realities
• Applicability at various scales
• Flexible standard for development of
Greenfield areas & redevelopment of
infill areas
How will the Guidance Document help cities- HOW?

12. TOD Guidance Document

13. UNDERSTANDING TOD …
high densities + tall buildings
• Densification is not the end goal.
• Combination of mixed-use with a high focus on accessibility and liveability.

14. METRO CASH AND
CARY
UNDERSTANDING TOD …
Isolated developments
• Development and transit are inclusive elements of TOD.
• Maximize densities within TOD, in order to facilitate maximum number of people walking or
cycling, or feeder services easily to access public transit facility.

15. GUIDANCE DOCUMENT INCLUDES: SCALES OF TOD
Successful TODs are a
result of coordinated
planning policies
implemented
consistently at varying
geographic scales-
regional, city, corridor,
neighbourhood, and
site - over a time
period of 10-20 years.

16. TODPRINCIPLES

17. NMT & PBS Guidance Document

18. GUIDANCE DOCUMENT INCLUDES: DEFINING NMT & PBS
What is Non-Motorized Transportation?
NMT includes all the non-motorized modes
of transportation – walking, cycling, cycle
rickshaw (both passenger and goods), four
wheel vendor Cart, and even tricycles used by
differently abled persons.
Types of NMT Modes

19. • Need based bicycle availability for
multiple users on a sharing basis
• Commonly used for short trips (0-5
kms)
• Multiple pick-up & drop-off options
• Offers last mile connectivity to public
transit
• Technology enabled system for
easier access & tracking
GUIDANCE DOCUMENT INCLUDES: DEFINING NMT & PBS
What is PBS?

20. GUIDANCE DOCUMENT INCLUDES: WHO ARE WE PLANNING FOR?
• Needs of the pedestrians and cyclists compete with conflicting demands - hawkers, parked cars &
motorcycles
• Lack of traffic lights and regulated crossings

21. “ If you plan cities for cars and traffic, you get cars
and traffic. If you plan for people and places, you
get people and places.”
Fred Kent, Project for Public Spaces
Challenges of increasing motorization
Congestion | Increased commute times | Accidents | Poor environment | Poor quality of life
GUIDANCE DOCUMENT INCLUDES: WHO ARE WE PLANNING FOR?

22. GUIDANCE DOCUMENT CONVEYS that :
1. Land use patterns significantly dictate mobility patterns.
Compact mixed land use patterns encourage shorter trips
by NMT.
2. Multi-modal integration allows the flexibility of using
different transport modes for different portions of a trip
depending upon reach and availability
3. Complete Streets design which takes into account not only
equitable distribution of road space but also focuses on
safety and security of all users
4. Universal design principles to ensure barrier-free
movement for all types of NMT users, including infant
prams, children, physically or cognitively impaired
pedestrians
5. Well-connected NMT networks facilitate more options,
shorter trips and shorter travel times,
CicloRuta Bogotá through low income neighbourhood, Source: ITDP, China
Bicycle lane in Netherlands well defined using pavers, Source: Photo credits Wim Mulder
Temporary Street Closure at Madison Square, Source: NYC DOT

23. NMTPRINCIPLES

24. PBSPRINCIPLES

25. • Visionary, yet realistic
• Draw on best practices, but recognize unique local challenges
& conditions
• Applicable at a range of scales, including large city-regions,
medium-sized & smaller-sized cities & towns
• Flexible standard for development of Greenfield areas &
redevelopment of infill areas
• Monitoring mechanism for gauging success factors
TOD+ NMT+PBS GUIDANCE DOCUMENT OUTCOMES

26. Overall Integration of TOD, NMT & PBS is important.
GOI recognizes this and is currently in process of
finalizing a National TOD Policy
THANK YOU