In 3 sentences:
The document discusses the key elements to consider when designing streets for livable cities, including pedestrians, vehicles, parking, and transportation options. It emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach that considers all users and aspects, such as transportation, safety, the environment, and the economy. The goal is to create streets that are social spaces where people can easily and safely walk, bike, access transit, and spend time, rather than only focus on traffic flow.
“The ethics of transport planning” - Prof Stephen Potter talks at the HCDI se...Marco Ajovalasit
This presentation will explore the ethical issues behind what appears to be a technical design process - that of transport planning decisions. It will draw upon the transport/land use designs explored in Britain’s new towns (and Milton Keynes in particular) which help to highlight the ethical decisions involved.
This will illustrate the way that the design of towns and cities affects our travel behaviour and constrains our ability to choose to travel in a socially and environmentally responsible way. Indeed, we can get locked into unsustainable travel behaviours and feel powerless to behave otherwise. This leads to the now prevalent negative attitude towards transport policy initiatives and often outright opposition to sustainable transport developments.
Urban design professionals argue that high density settlements are the main way that sustainable transport choices can be provided, as such designs produce conditions which make for good public, and also suppress car use. However, although such an approach is possible in major conurbations and city centres, this is a difficult and contentious approach for suburban Britain. For most places ‘big city’ design solutions are not politically viable.
Perhaps we should be looking to more innovative approaches. These could blend a variety of new measures, such as the ‘smarter travel’ initiatives as well as new emerging technologies. However these require a different way of doing transport planning to the traditional ‘big infrastructure’ transport policy approaches. New physical design approaches often require the redesign of the processes and structures to implement and manage them, and this may be the key barrier to success.
Sustainable Urban Corridors in Khartoum Case of Mohammed Najeeb StreetDr. Amarjeet Singh
This article aims at measuring the sustainability of the streets of Khartoum using the Pedestrian Environmental Quality Index (P.E.Q.I.). This index has six categories: Intersection safety; traffic; street design; perceived safety; land use; and perceived walkability. Each category has several items. As a case study, Mohammed Najeeb main street is studied since it represents main streets in Khartoum. Results show that the sustainability standard of the studied street is below average (40%). Conclusions are written. And recommendations are drawn.
Presentation is an attempt to bring out the use of Video in rational planning, designing besides making cities more efficient, effective, productive, resilient and sustainable.
Kim DeLaney
Lynda Westin
Jennifer Willman
Transit Oriented Development (TOD) has enormous potential to help us rethink the transportation-land use connection and reinvest in communities to become more economically vibrant, sustainable and livable. New regional and statewide tools are being created to help plan for TOD by pooling our knowledge to reduce the burden on local governments. Statewide TOD
design guidelines, the Tri-Rail Station Evaluation Project, and a TOD Resource Guide for Tampa Bay are helping us do more with less. Learn about how these collaborative efforts promote an urban development paradigm shift that optimizes return on our investments.
Land Use & Transport Planning_Istanbul IETT Workshop 4_15 June 2015VTPI
Istanbul IETT Professional Development Workshop, #4 of 6
- Presenter: Todd Litman, Victoria Transport Policy Institute
- Assistant: Aysha Cohen, UCLA Institute of Transportation Studies Scholar
- Presentation Date: June 16, 2015
Capital Metro Transit Oriented DevelopmentCapital Metro
Manager of TOD Lucy Galbraith delivered this presentation to the Capital Metro Board of Directors Rail Committee on June 14, 2010. The presentation is a good overview of TOD and its benefits, and an update on TOD progress at four MetroRail stations.
Based on the mandate given in SDG 11, calling for promoting an affordable and sustainable transport, globally all nations are trying to come out with an agenda and a vision for achieving carbon neutrality. Nations must make commitment to promote emissions-free mobility as a fundamental human right; doing the best things for humanity and society to lead towards a better and sustainable future and proactively promoting a paradigm shift towards electrification and creating a hydrogen based society for bringing sustainability. Sustainable transport is known for its distinct and numerous social and economic benefits for the communities, cities, environment and ecology. Studies made and analysis carried out has concluded that; Sustainable transport can help create large number of jobs; improve commuter safety through investment in bicycle lanes; reduce use of fossil fuel ; minimize pollution and congestion, making cities walkable; and making access to employment and social opportunities more affordable and efficient besides decarbonizing cities and making urban settlements more livable and sustainable. Sustainable transportation offers a practical opportunity and simple method of saving people's time, improving people’s health increasing household income and making cities great places for happy, healthy and more productive living besides making investment in sustainable transport, a 'win-win' option and opportunity for all stake holders.’ Decarbonizing, Carbon Neutrality and Zero-Carbon must remain the prime agenda to redefine, promote and achieve the sustainable transportation in urban areas and to achieve the mandate/goals given in SDG11. Planet earth looks at how nations can minimize travel and make it sustainable for making human settlements more peaceful and livable.
“The ethics of transport planning” - Prof Stephen Potter talks at the HCDI se...Marco Ajovalasit
This presentation will explore the ethical issues behind what appears to be a technical design process - that of transport planning decisions. It will draw upon the transport/land use designs explored in Britain’s new towns (and Milton Keynes in particular) which help to highlight the ethical decisions involved.
This will illustrate the way that the design of towns and cities affects our travel behaviour and constrains our ability to choose to travel in a socially and environmentally responsible way. Indeed, we can get locked into unsustainable travel behaviours and feel powerless to behave otherwise. This leads to the now prevalent negative attitude towards transport policy initiatives and often outright opposition to sustainable transport developments.
Urban design professionals argue that high density settlements are the main way that sustainable transport choices can be provided, as such designs produce conditions which make for good public, and also suppress car use. However, although such an approach is possible in major conurbations and city centres, this is a difficult and contentious approach for suburban Britain. For most places ‘big city’ design solutions are not politically viable.
Perhaps we should be looking to more innovative approaches. These could blend a variety of new measures, such as the ‘smarter travel’ initiatives as well as new emerging technologies. However these require a different way of doing transport planning to the traditional ‘big infrastructure’ transport policy approaches. New physical design approaches often require the redesign of the processes and structures to implement and manage them, and this may be the key barrier to success.
Sustainable Urban Corridors in Khartoum Case of Mohammed Najeeb StreetDr. Amarjeet Singh
This article aims at measuring the sustainability of the streets of Khartoum using the Pedestrian Environmental Quality Index (P.E.Q.I.). This index has six categories: Intersection safety; traffic; street design; perceived safety; land use; and perceived walkability. Each category has several items. As a case study, Mohammed Najeeb main street is studied since it represents main streets in Khartoum. Results show that the sustainability standard of the studied street is below average (40%). Conclusions are written. And recommendations are drawn.
Presentation is an attempt to bring out the use of Video in rational planning, designing besides making cities more efficient, effective, productive, resilient and sustainable.
Kim DeLaney
Lynda Westin
Jennifer Willman
Transit Oriented Development (TOD) has enormous potential to help us rethink the transportation-land use connection and reinvest in communities to become more economically vibrant, sustainable and livable. New regional and statewide tools are being created to help plan for TOD by pooling our knowledge to reduce the burden on local governments. Statewide TOD
design guidelines, the Tri-Rail Station Evaluation Project, and a TOD Resource Guide for Tampa Bay are helping us do more with less. Learn about how these collaborative efforts promote an urban development paradigm shift that optimizes return on our investments.
Land Use & Transport Planning_Istanbul IETT Workshop 4_15 June 2015VTPI
Istanbul IETT Professional Development Workshop, #4 of 6
- Presenter: Todd Litman, Victoria Transport Policy Institute
- Assistant: Aysha Cohen, UCLA Institute of Transportation Studies Scholar
- Presentation Date: June 16, 2015
Capital Metro Transit Oriented DevelopmentCapital Metro
Manager of TOD Lucy Galbraith delivered this presentation to the Capital Metro Board of Directors Rail Committee on June 14, 2010. The presentation is a good overview of TOD and its benefits, and an update on TOD progress at four MetroRail stations.
Based on the mandate given in SDG 11, calling for promoting an affordable and sustainable transport, globally all nations are trying to come out with an agenda and a vision for achieving carbon neutrality. Nations must make commitment to promote emissions-free mobility as a fundamental human right; doing the best things for humanity and society to lead towards a better and sustainable future and proactively promoting a paradigm shift towards electrification and creating a hydrogen based society for bringing sustainability. Sustainable transport is known for its distinct and numerous social and economic benefits for the communities, cities, environment and ecology. Studies made and analysis carried out has concluded that; Sustainable transport can help create large number of jobs; improve commuter safety through investment in bicycle lanes; reduce use of fossil fuel ; minimize pollution and congestion, making cities walkable; and making access to employment and social opportunities more affordable and efficient besides decarbonizing cities and making urban settlements more livable and sustainable. Sustainable transportation offers a practical opportunity and simple method of saving people's time, improving people’s health increasing household income and making cities great places for happy, healthy and more productive living besides making investment in sustainable transport, a 'win-win' option and opportunity for all stake holders.’ Decarbonizing, Carbon Neutrality and Zero-Carbon must remain the prime agenda to redefine, promote and achieve the sustainable transportation in urban areas and to achieve the mandate/goals given in SDG11. Planet earth looks at how nations can minimize travel and make it sustainable for making human settlements more peaceful and livable.
Au if193 Transit Oriented Development sydney , australia corinCorin Tan
Trueventus Transit Oriented Development event acts as a strategic think-tank, idea explosion, discussion and network platform with the objective of helping to shape Australian TOD in creating sustainable modern cities that promotes walkable
urban neighborhood with convenient access to mass transit. Government officials, policy makers, local councils, urban planners, developers, investor and community representatives are gathering to address the importance of TOD and to identify the underlying ingredients for successful TOD projects with effective government and private partnership.
For registration/inquiry, please contact:
Corin Tan
Project Manager - Marketing
Tel: +603-2775 0000 (ext 510)
Email: corint@trueventus.com
This presentation provides an overview of Complete Streets. Please visit www.completestreets.org for more information.
This presentation is free for for non-commercial use. For-profit entities wishing to use our presentations and materials in working with clients should contact us at sseskin [at] completestreets [dot] org.
Pedestrian priority in urban area and usefulness towards communityeSAT Journals
Abstract Transportation network has become nerve of any city, the paradox here is that though meant for human travel, these roads hardly provide any quality space for those who are without vehicles (well known as pedestrian). Due to the ambiguous position of non-motorized travel in an urban transportation system, the transportation conditions for non-motorized travel are getting worse in cities, which illustrate the urgent need for the improvement for same. There is a requirement of combining traffic issues with pedestrian in a comprehensive manner and will make it an important part of road design. Preservation of nature, opportunities for cultural interface, a resource conserving environment with workable public transit and more occasions for walking should be prime objectives of urban planners. For urban development, pedestrian system should be well designed, safe and convenient. The Pedestrian Zone is the primary component of every street in a city. It is not only a zone to ensure smooth, comfortable, conflict free movement of pedestrians and public transport users, but also an area which shapes social interactions, safety and quality of life of people in a city. Pedestrian priority thus becomes a major and a very important phenomenon for urban development which in a way helps quality of life in an urban area. With the increase in population and keeping in view the world pedestrian scenario, this paper will bring some notices to facilities required, mode of travels to be looked upon and other such major issues are discussed.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Transportation planning is an integral part of overall urban planning and needs systematic approach.
Travel demand estimation is an important part of comprehensive transportation planning process.
However, planning does not end by predicting travel demand.
The ultimate aim of urban transport planning is to generate alternatives for improving transportation system to meet future demand and selecting the best alternative after proper evaluation.
Transit Oriented Development (TOD) results in the creation of compact, walkable and liveable communities with access to amenities built around high quality mass transit stations. However, the discourse around TODs in India is more of a densification and value capture approach, which is necessary, but yet an incomplete conversation for the Indian context. This webinar, presented by Todd Litman, Himadri Das and Lubaina Rangwala addresses the major challenges and learnings from the ‘implementation’ of a TOD.
The webinar recording can be seen here - https://www2.gotomeeting.com/register/335456930
Related Research - http://embarqindiahub.org/reports/towards-walkable-sustainable-bengaluru-accessibility-project-indiranagar-metro-station
Related webinar - http://embarqindiahub.org/webinars/parking-effective-tool-manage-travel-demand-transit-oriented-developments
Presentation argues that vehicle miles of travel (VMT) is the key measure of transportation sustainability. Urbanized areas the size of San Antonio have reduced VMT per capita by building light rail systems and compact growth. It is recommended that San Antonio significantly increase transit funding, reduce impervious cover for parking, built light rail and manage growth.
The motivation of this study is to explore about Transit Oriented Development (TOD), its parameters and principles. This dissertation includes case studies of areas that show the benefits of TOD and how it is making public transportation feasible near stations and thereby reducing traffic jam problems.
Sustainable Mobility Plan for Udaipur - 2014 by Ashutosh Nirvadyaacharixyzashu
Presentation made by Ashutosh Nirvadyaachari at a Seminar on Road Networks, Flyovers and Elevated Road Plans at Udaipur organised at Vigyan Samiti on 15 January, 2014
Differential Effects of Sucrose and Plant Growth Regulator on Shoot Multiplic...drboon
Explants from young leaves and stem nodes of Oxalis versicolour were used and cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentration of 2,4-D. The best result showed that cluster of callus were formed and proliferated around the base of explants on MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/l 2,4-D. Callus transferred to MS medium supplemented with various concentrations of NAA and BA. After nine weeks, callus regenerated to be new shoots. The highest average length of stolon was from MS medium supplemented with 0.1mg/l NAA and 0.1 mg/l BA and number of plantlets was from MS medium supplemented with 4.0 mg/l NAA and 5.0 mg/l BA. Plantlets were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of sucrose for ten weeks. It was found that all parameters: number of plantlets, bulbil sized, length of stolon, and number of nodes were significant difference (p≤0.05). Number of flowers and sized of flowers found only in MS medium supplemented with 9–10 % of sucrose.
Impact of Building Envelope Modification on Energy Performance of High-Rise A...drboon
In residential buildings, providing comfortable living environment for building occupants is a major challenge for architects, engineers and those who involved in the building industry. It is reported that considerable energy is consumed to provide and maintain acceptable indoor conditions for thermal comfort in residential buildings in hot-humid climate. The observable increase in energy consumption is chiefly resulting from the growing use of air conditioning system. There are various energy conservation measures which can be applied to reduce energy consumption and among these measures are passive envelope design measures. This paper addresses the energy performance of selected high-rise apartments in Kuala Lumpur. Energy Plus software is utilized in measuring the performance because of its availability, validity and accuracy. Possible energy savings due to passive envelope design measures integration are investigated. This includes investigating the effect of thermal insulation and glazing type on potential energy savings.
Au if193 Transit Oriented Development sydney , australia corinCorin Tan
Trueventus Transit Oriented Development event acts as a strategic think-tank, idea explosion, discussion and network platform with the objective of helping to shape Australian TOD in creating sustainable modern cities that promotes walkable
urban neighborhood with convenient access to mass transit. Government officials, policy makers, local councils, urban planners, developers, investor and community representatives are gathering to address the importance of TOD and to identify the underlying ingredients for successful TOD projects with effective government and private partnership.
For registration/inquiry, please contact:
Corin Tan
Project Manager - Marketing
Tel: +603-2775 0000 (ext 510)
Email: corint@trueventus.com
This presentation provides an overview of Complete Streets. Please visit www.completestreets.org for more information.
This presentation is free for for non-commercial use. For-profit entities wishing to use our presentations and materials in working with clients should contact us at sseskin [at] completestreets [dot] org.
Pedestrian priority in urban area and usefulness towards communityeSAT Journals
Abstract Transportation network has become nerve of any city, the paradox here is that though meant for human travel, these roads hardly provide any quality space for those who are without vehicles (well known as pedestrian). Due to the ambiguous position of non-motorized travel in an urban transportation system, the transportation conditions for non-motorized travel are getting worse in cities, which illustrate the urgent need for the improvement for same. There is a requirement of combining traffic issues with pedestrian in a comprehensive manner and will make it an important part of road design. Preservation of nature, opportunities for cultural interface, a resource conserving environment with workable public transit and more occasions for walking should be prime objectives of urban planners. For urban development, pedestrian system should be well designed, safe and convenient. The Pedestrian Zone is the primary component of every street in a city. It is not only a zone to ensure smooth, comfortable, conflict free movement of pedestrians and public transport users, but also an area which shapes social interactions, safety and quality of life of people in a city. Pedestrian priority thus becomes a major and a very important phenomenon for urban development which in a way helps quality of life in an urban area. With the increase in population and keeping in view the world pedestrian scenario, this paper will bring some notices to facilities required, mode of travels to be looked upon and other such major issues are discussed.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Transportation planning is an integral part of overall urban planning and needs systematic approach.
Travel demand estimation is an important part of comprehensive transportation planning process.
However, planning does not end by predicting travel demand.
The ultimate aim of urban transport planning is to generate alternatives for improving transportation system to meet future demand and selecting the best alternative after proper evaluation.
Transit Oriented Development (TOD) results in the creation of compact, walkable and liveable communities with access to amenities built around high quality mass transit stations. However, the discourse around TODs in India is more of a densification and value capture approach, which is necessary, but yet an incomplete conversation for the Indian context. This webinar, presented by Todd Litman, Himadri Das and Lubaina Rangwala addresses the major challenges and learnings from the ‘implementation’ of a TOD.
The webinar recording can be seen here - https://www2.gotomeeting.com/register/335456930
Related Research - http://embarqindiahub.org/reports/towards-walkable-sustainable-bengaluru-accessibility-project-indiranagar-metro-station
Related webinar - http://embarqindiahub.org/webinars/parking-effective-tool-manage-travel-demand-transit-oriented-developments
Presentation argues that vehicle miles of travel (VMT) is the key measure of transportation sustainability. Urbanized areas the size of San Antonio have reduced VMT per capita by building light rail systems and compact growth. It is recommended that San Antonio significantly increase transit funding, reduce impervious cover for parking, built light rail and manage growth.
The motivation of this study is to explore about Transit Oriented Development (TOD), its parameters and principles. This dissertation includes case studies of areas that show the benefits of TOD and how it is making public transportation feasible near stations and thereby reducing traffic jam problems.
Sustainable Mobility Plan for Udaipur - 2014 by Ashutosh Nirvadyaacharixyzashu
Presentation made by Ashutosh Nirvadyaachari at a Seminar on Road Networks, Flyovers and Elevated Road Plans at Udaipur organised at Vigyan Samiti on 15 January, 2014
Differential Effects of Sucrose and Plant Growth Regulator on Shoot Multiplic...drboon
Explants from young leaves and stem nodes of Oxalis versicolour were used and cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentration of 2,4-D. The best result showed that cluster of callus were formed and proliferated around the base of explants on MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/l 2,4-D. Callus transferred to MS medium supplemented with various concentrations of NAA and BA. After nine weeks, callus regenerated to be new shoots. The highest average length of stolon was from MS medium supplemented with 0.1mg/l NAA and 0.1 mg/l BA and number of plantlets was from MS medium supplemented with 4.0 mg/l NAA and 5.0 mg/l BA. Plantlets were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of sucrose for ten weeks. It was found that all parameters: number of plantlets, bulbil sized, length of stolon, and number of nodes were significant difference (p≤0.05). Number of flowers and sized of flowers found only in MS medium supplemented with 9–10 % of sucrose.
Impact of Building Envelope Modification on Energy Performance of High-Rise A...drboon
In residential buildings, providing comfortable living environment for building occupants is a major challenge for architects, engineers and those who involved in the building industry. It is reported that considerable energy is consumed to provide and maintain acceptable indoor conditions for thermal comfort in residential buildings in hot-humid climate. The observable increase in energy consumption is chiefly resulting from the growing use of air conditioning system. There are various energy conservation measures which can be applied to reduce energy consumption and among these measures are passive envelope design measures. This paper addresses the energy performance of selected high-rise apartments in Kuala Lumpur. Energy Plus software is utilized in measuring the performance because of its availability, validity and accuracy. Possible energy savings due to passive envelope design measures integration are investigated. This includes investigating the effect of thermal insulation and glazing type on potential energy savings.
Ito ay isang powerpoint presentation na tumatalakay sa Uri ng Panitikan na umusbong sa bansang Indonesia. Dito din matatagpuan ang uri ng Panitikan ng Indonesia tulad ng Oral Literature at Written Literature at kaunting kasaysayan ng Panitikan ng Indonesia.
Ito ay isang powerpoint presentation na tumatalakay sa Uri ng Panitikan na umusbong sa bansang Thailand. Dito din matatagpuan ang uri ng Panitikan ng Thailand tulad ng Oral Literature at Written Literature at kaunting kasaysayan ng Panitikan ng Thailand.
In today’s world with the ever increasing traffic it is inherent that we immediately find an optimum solution for it so that we can move on from being a developing nation to a super power.
There is a great need to resolve our transportation issues at the earliest as connectivity is of grave importance. Finding a systematic and organized way around the current situation is only going to benefit us in the long run. Better connectivity reduces transportation costs immensely and saves time in traveling.
A sustainable urban street can help the people in accessibility and livability.
Here, you can find some modern world examples to make your urban streets complete and sustainable.
Transport Policies for Van Couver, CanadaSaumya Gupta
The presentation covers the Transport Policies of Vancouver. All data is from secondary sources, which are duly mentioned in the last slide. This was done as a part of an assignment of Transport Policy and Legislation.
11(4) 2020 ITJEMAST Multidisciplinary Research Articlesdrboon
Research papers 2020 Behavioral finance; Personality traits; Behavioral factors; Overconfidence bias; Locus of control; Decision-making; Biased behavior Carbon (CO2) emissions; Economic Growth; Energy consumption; Trade; ARDL Approach; Granger Causality; Energy use Pedestrian start-up time; Street crosswalk, Pedestrian traffic signals; Pedestrians traffic lights; zebra crossings; Intersection crossings Service Attributes; Relationship quality; Relationship outcomes; Banking services; Electronic Customer Relationship Management; Virtual relationships; eBanking; eCRM College town landscape; College town character; Campus community; Urban identity; College town space; Sense of a place; Public Space; University gardens; Cultural identity; Campus identity; Businesses in college towns Emotional quotient; Self-emotional appraisal; Workplace Advice Network (WAN) Centrality; Service Sector Organizations; Sociometric matrix; Interconnectivity of nodes
11(3) 2020 ITJEMAST Multidisciplinary Research Articles drboon
Non-destructive testing method Heat loss Thermal conductivity Specific heat Know-how Psychological contract breach Employees' Workplace behaviour Workplace spirituality Human resource management (HRM) Power sector Positive classroom Male teachers Classroom management system Public primary schools Private primary school Positive motivation students Quality primary education Grout rheology Construction workings High-precision lining Tunneling complex Cement slurry Reinforcement solutions Smart building systems Green architecture Green roof Green design Sustainable environmental architecture Smart energy management Architecture technology Neo-Functionalism Trade integration CPEC agreement Economic integration Regional cooperation Pak-China relations Pak-Iran relations Central Asia Republics Sino-Pakistan Agreement
11(2)2020 International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Ap...drboon
Multidisciplinary Management, Journalism and Mass Communication Science (Information and Media Sciences), Political Sciences (International Affairs), Global Studies), Animal Sciences, Feeding Technology, Healthcare Management.
V8(3) 2017:: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & ...drboon
Research articles published in V8(3) 2017:: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies ==>
Awareness of Passive Design on Apartment Façade Designs in Putrajaya, Malaysia
127
Comparative Analysis of Low-Cost Housing Policies in Malaysia and Nigeria
139
A Study on Kevin Lynch’s Urban Design Elements: Precinct 9 East Putrajaya
153
Investigating Urban Design Elements of Bandar Baru Sentul, Kuala Lumpur
169
A Study on Sharing Home Ownership Schemes in Malaysia
183
The Impact of Window to Wall Ratio (WWR) and Glazing Type on Energy Consumption in Air-Conditioned Office Buildings
197
Competitiveness Factors of Thai Construction Industry within the AEC Context: A Qualitative Approach
209
Application of Confirmatory Factor Analysis in Government Construction Procurement Problems in Thailand
221
Enhancement of Space Environment Via Healing Gardendrboon
Green nature, sunlight and fresh air have been known as important component of healing in healthcare facilities. This paper presents the finding of an exploratory study on healing garden elements in healthcare facilities. The purpose of the paper is to find the elements of healing gardens and its healing factors in the existing garden design. In conducting this research study, site observation and informal interview at selected healthcare facilities have been performed. The study reveals the elements of existing garden design, the interactivity and the end users expectation on a garden. The finding shows that lacking some of the elements of garden design lead to less user friendliness and interactivity in the garden. It also shows that the visibility, accessibility, quietness and comfortable condition in the garden give impact to the utilization of the garden.
Design of Quadruped Walking Robot with Spherical Shelldrboon
We propose a new quadruped walking robot with a spherical shell, called "QRoSS." QRoSS is a transformable robot that can store its legs in the spherical shell. The shell not only absorbs external forces from all directions, but also improves mobile performance because of its round shape. In rescue operations at a disaster site, carrying robots into a site is dangerous for operators because doing so may result in a second accident. If QRoSS is used, instead of carrying robots in, they are thrown in, making the operation safe and easy. This paper reports details of the design concept and development of the prototype model. Basic experiments were conducted to verify performance, which includes landing, rising and walking through a series of movements.
Motion Analysis of Pitch Rotation Mechanism for Posture Control of Butterfly-...drboon
We developed a small flapping robot on the basis of movements made by a butterfly with a low flapping frequency of approximately 10 Hz, a few degrees of freedom of the wings, and a large flapping angle. In this study, we clarify the pitch rotation mechanism that is used to control its posture during takeoff for different initial pitch and flapping angles by the experiments of both manufactured robots and simulation models. The results indicate that the pitch angle can be controlled by altering the initial pitch angle at takeoff and the flapping angles. Furthermore, it is suggested that the initial pitch angle generates a proportional increase in the pitch angle during takeoff, and that certain flapping angles are conducive to increasing the tendency for pitch angle transition. Thus, it is shown that the direction of the flight led by periodic changing in the pitch angle can be controlled by optimizing control parameters such as initial pitch and flapping angles.
Analysis of Roll Rotation Mechanism of a Butterfly for Development of a Small...drboon
In this paper, we investigated the aerodynamic characteristics during roll rotation of a butterfly based on computational fluid dynamics using a three-dimensional high-speed camera information. This method allows to create a numerical model of a butterfly from the camera images and to analyze the flow field corresponding to the captured behavior. We photographed two behaviors different in rotational axis and analyzed the roll rotational mechanism. In a typical pitch rotational flight, the differential pressure was concentrated on the tip of fore wings. The magnitudes of reaction forces on left and right wings were roughly matched each other. On the other hands, the differential pressure of the roll rotational flight was distributed in the whole of wings. The magnitude of the right reaction force was twice greater than that of left at the first down stroke. The roll angle changed largely at the same time. These results show that a butterfly rotates about roll by changing the reaction forces on each side.
Effect of Oryzalin on Growth of Anthurium andraeanum In Vitrodrboon
Apical shoots and lateral buds of Anthurium andraeanum about 0.5 cm grew very well when cultured on MS medium supplemented with NAA, kinetin, sucrose and gelrite. When brought young plantlets (the same sized) of A. andraeanum soaked in various concentrations of oryzalin with different duration times. The A. andraeanum plantlets were subcultured into the same medium every 4 weeks for 3 times. It was found that 5.0 mg/l oryzalin with 24 and 72 hours gave the best average number of leaves per bunch, plant height and diameter of bunch. These parameters were reverse proportion, when increased concentration of oryzalin, the growth rate in each parameter was decreased with thick and pale green leaves.
Role of 2,4-D on Callus Induction and Shoot Formation to Increase Number of S...drboon
Stem node of Miniature Rose with axillary bud were used as explants. These explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of 2,4-D. It was found that MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l 2,4-D gave the highest number of green callus. The callus cultured on MS medium supplemented with different combinations of NAA and BA to form new shoot and root. From the result, we are able to find the highest number of young shoots that were induced from callus when cultured callus on MS medium supplemented with NAA and BA. When subcultured all new shoots with the same size to MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of NAA and BA, and 2,4- D for six weeks. The result was significant difference (P≤0.5) when compared the average height of plant and percentage of root formation, but their duration time for flowering were not significant different.
Seismic Capacity Comparisons of Reinforced Concrete Buildings Between Standar...drboon
Earthquakes are cause of serious damage through the building. Therefore, moment resistant frame buildings are widely used as lateral resisting system. Generally three types of moment resisting frames are designed namely Special ductile frames (SDF), Intermediate ductile frames (IDF) and Gravity load designed (GLD) frames, each of which has a certain level of ductility. Comparative studies on the seismic performance of three different ductility of building are performed in this study. The analytical models are considered about failure mode of column (i.e. shear failure, flexural to shear failure and flexural failure); beam-column joint connection, infill wall and flexural foundation. Concepts of incremental dynamic analysis are practiced to assess the required data for performance based evaluations. This study found that the lateral load capacity of GLD, IDF, and SDF building was 19.25, 27.87, and 25.92 %W respectively. The average response spectrum at the collapse state for GLD, IDF, and SDF are 0.75 g, 1.19 g, and 1.33 g, respectively. The results show that SDF is more ductile than IDF and the initial strength of SDF is close to IDF. The results indicate that all of frames are able to resistant a design earthquake.
ITJEMAST5(2): Latest Research from International Transaction Journal of Engin...drboon
An After-Stay Satisfaction Survey of Residents Living in Prefabricated Concrete Structures in Thailand
Hydrothermal Assisted Microwave Pyrolysis of Water Hyacinth for Electrochemical Capacitors Electrodes
Group Technology Paves the Road for Automation
Effect of Laser Priming on accumulation of Free Proline in Spring Durum Wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) under Salinity Stress
Livable Public Open Space for Citizen’s Quality of Life in Medan, Indonesia
ITJEMAST5(1): Latest Research from International Transaction Journal of Engin...drboon
Latest Research from International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies ITJEMAST5(1):
Effects of Calcination Treatment of Diatomite on Dimethyl Ether Synthesis from Methanol
Effect of Blend Ratio on Cure Characteristics, Mechanical Properties, and Aging Resistance of Silica-filled ENR/SBR Blends
An Efficient Formulation of Off-line Model Predictive Control for Nonlinear Systems Using Polyhedral Invariant Sets
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The Streets in a Livable City
1. International Transaction Journal of Engineering,
Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies
http://TuEngr.com
The Streets in a Livable City
Reham M. M. Mohie El-Din a*
a
Department of Architectural Engineering and Building Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Modern
Academy for Engineering and Technology, EGYPT
A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T RA C T
Article history:
Received 05 November
2014
Received in revised form
24 February 2015
Accepted 05 March 2015
Available online
11 March 2015
Keywords:
Livable City Streets;
City Transportation;
Sustainable Streets;
Streets Planning.
In a world of rapidly increasing urbanization, striving to
develop more livable cities, the city’s streets designing and planning
should be high on the agenda for policymakers, city planners and other
practitioners, as well as researchers. Designing streets is not as easy as
it might originally seem, however, done correctly it means that one
third of the city was designed successfully with an immense impact on
the rest of the city. The key challenge in developing sustainable and
fulfilling streets is to develop an integrated approach in planning them,
where it is necessary to consider all aspects involved. Meanwhile,
efforts devoted to this topic vary considerably from place to place.
Thus, this paper aims at discussing the main elements involved in
designing streets for a livable city, in a comprehensive approach
including pedestrians, vehicles, and parking areas.
2015 INT TRANS J ENG MANAG SCI TECH.
1. Introduction
Streets are more than just car corridors, they are places where people walk, shop, meet, and
generally engage in various array of social and recreational activities that, for many, are what
makes city’s living enjoyable. They are also places where people can be affected from polluted
air due to car exhaust, noise, accidents, and cognition. And of course, streets are places where
vehicles or other means of transportation, whether public or private, transfer citizens or goods
from one place to another. Thus, if streets are overrun with cars, pedestrians are jammed onto
sidewalks, cyclists are forced into dangerous traffic, buses fall behind schedule, and deliveries,
taxis and emergency vehicles struggle to get through, like what happens in many of today’s
cities, the streets will not be livable and neither are the cities. Hence, streets are considered as
valuable civic spaces and assets that need to be wisely allocated and improving them is the
2015 International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies.2015 International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies.
*Corresponding author (Reham M. M. Mohie El-Din) E-mail: arch.rehammostafa@gmail.com.
2015. International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences &
Technologies. Volume 6 No.3 ISSN 2228-9860 eISSN 1906-9642. Online Available at
http://TUENGR.COM/V06/125.pdf.
125
2. simplest way to improve the quality of life and livability of any city and its residence
(Dumbaugh, 2005) & ( NYC Streets org., 2012).
There has been many works describing the characteristics of livable streets. Livable streets
are mainly streets that seek to better integrate the needs of pedestrians, transit, cars, alternative
forms of transportation, and local developmental objectives into a street’s design. They are
pedestrian-friendly that are increasingly linked to social outcomes, economic growth and
innovation, improvements in air quality, and increased physical fitness and health. Hence, livable
streets must consider the social, economic and environmental dimensions, while making the best
possible use of local limited infrastructure (Dumbaugh, 2005) & (UNEP, 2007).
2. Comprehensive Approach to Livable Streets Planning
Livable streets are crucial to the success of a livable city; unfortunately current streets are
being managed almost entirely for traffic flow, thus a comprehensive approach while planning
them is much needed. An approach that considers both traffic and pedestrians needs, while
creating livable streets that are healthy, safe, and walkable. Streets which are attractive and
appealing at the same time, offering choices for timely transportation for the resident’s needs.
The main strategy to accomplish this is to design streets with all potential users in mind, whether
they are old or young, people using wheelchairs, walkers, or canes, pedestrians, bicyclists, bus
riders, and drivers. In addition, a comprehensive approach to livable streets also include
strategies that involves sidewalks, bike lanes, dedicated bus lanes, comfortable and accessible
transit stops, frequent and safe crossing opportunities, median islands, curb extensions, limited
curb cuts, narrowed travel lanes, etc. ( NYC Streets org., 2012) & (CMAP, 2012), Figure 1.
Figure 1: Different types of streets’ potential users.
(Photos used with permission from NYC Streets org., (2012))
Planning or redesigning the streets for livability, in this comprehensive approach, where
streets have a dual role, as both infrastructure to move people, and as social space, needs a
gradual change. It should start with the city implementing a vision that considers many goals,
such as (Livablecity org., 2002):
• Making it easier for residents to get where they need to be, while reducing car traffic,
improving public transit, and encouraging walking, biking or any alternative
transportation.
126 Reham M. M. Mohie El-Din
3. • Allowing fewer pedestrians to be killed, where Kids will be able to walk or bike to school
safely and older residents or handicapped will live and walk without fear of being run
over.
• Paying attention to all modes of transportation and to the quality of urban space that the
transportation system supports while spending less money on transportation.
• Creating stronger walkable neighbourhoods with attractive, comfortable local shopping
streets.
• Increasing residence’s health from strolling daily and providing cleaner air.
• Enhancing environmental and economical developments of streets.
These goals are aimed at enhancing streets in order to develop a more comfortable
environment in which residents are invited to linger and enjoy their city, rather than rush through
it. As such, each city should develop its own goals for future growth and envision how they
would like their streets to look, and function. With that in place, it will be easier to deduce the
best approach to take toward creating livable streets (NYC Streets org., 2012) & (CMAP, 2012).
Finally, there are six fundamental aspects to the comprehensive approach to planning livable
streets and they are:
• Some general street planning rules
• Transportation, congestion and parking areas
• Pedestrians; residents or tourists
• Safe & secure streets
• Green areas, streetscape & environmental factors
• Economics & resiliency
2.1 Some General Street Planning Rules
Planning streets in a livable city should involve in general a strategy to accommodate all the
people who use it. The streets design should be appropriate to the uses and functions on its side
while allowing easy access to any place. Planners must put in mind that when designers creates a
welcoming passers-by streets in the ground floors with a mix of restaurants, stores and services,
there are always reasons to linger from residents. This will require a network of attractive streets
and public spaces, determining the streets width; travel lanes width and number, parking lanes,
sidewalk width, number and design of gathering points and focal points, and cars and pedestrians
light signs, public paths, etc. (NYC Streets org., 2012), Figure 2.
*Corresponding author (Reham M. M. Mohie El-Din) E-mail: arch.rehammostafa@gmail.com.
2015. International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences &
Technologies. Volume 6 No.3 ISSN 2228-9860 eISSN 1906-9642. Online Available at
http://TUENGR.COM/V06/125.pdf.
127
4. Figure 2: Ground stores mixed uses for livable streets
(Photos used with permission from NYC Streets org., (2012)).
In addition, the city’s infrastructure usually found under the streets should be constructed
and finished before paving the roadways in an appropriate way to be used by vehicles and
pedestrians. For this to happen without wasting time or money, the different government’s
agencies and municipalities, concerned citizens, business leaders, and elected officials should
cooperate from the beginning sharing their targets and needs and coordinating between them to
achieve their goals in an integrated manner, without wasting time or money.
2.2 Transportation, Congestion & Parking Areas
The Alliance for Bicycling and Walking in America found that cities with the lowest levels
of biking and walking have the highest rates of obesity, diabetes, and high blood pressure. Thus,
a livable street is walkable where driving is a choice, not a necessity, maximizing the number of
trips which can be made on foot and making the walking experience a joy. Not only that, but in
general, livable streets must support multiple transportation options called alternative
transportation (Figure 3) such as walking or bicycling which improves the health of a city and
the health of its citizens or through public transit. This may require widening the sidewalks,
creating special bike and public transportation lanes. In addition, attracting people to public
transit is by making it fast and frequent which again means getting transit out of traffic (CMAP,
2012) & (Livablecity org., 2002).
Figure 3: Alternative transportation options.
(Photo used with permission from Paulick Report Staff, (2014)).
One of the most obvious problems with the streets and transportation system is congestion.
Time people spent stuck in traffic wastes large chunks of the day. Basically, there are two ways
128 Reham M. M. Mohie El-Din
5. to reduce congestion by widening the roads or reducing the number of cars. Sometimes, streets
can’t be widen anymore and other times widening a street may only allow a few more cars to
trickle in, with the net result that congestion is not relieved. It is clear that congestion will not be
effectively relieved in such a way and adequate restrictive measures should be adopted and
maybe choosing option number two and reducing the number of cars by using the alternatives to
cars can help. In this context, livable streets should strive to have an effective congestion control
plan during rush hours of the day. The plan should include alternative paths for cars users,
special lanes for public transit vehicles, specified routes and timings for cargos trucks
transporting goods, and high-occupancy vehicles to enable faster transit across the city. In
addition, the plan must provide enough and suitable parking areas while promoting car-sharing
programs and taxis use. Finally, a long term plan can involve building tunnels and bridges to
solve congestion (Livablecity org., 2002) & (Timmer & Seymoar, 2005).
As for freight transport in cities, although it is a major contributor to congestion, local air
pollution, and noise, however, it is very beneficial for the city economics. Thus, planners must
create a management plan including vehicle time regulations, vehicle weight and size
regulations, and lorry routes whether advisory or mandatory routes for goods vehicles. The plan
can also include a dedicated on-street space for goods-vehicle loading and unloading, installing
shared bus and lorry lanes, and encouraging the use of environmentally-friendly goods vehicles
with road pricing systems, and low-emission or environmental zones (VREF, 2012), see Figure
4.
Figure 4: Cargos trucks in the city and bridges
(Photos used with permission from VREF, (2012)).
With driving still the main form of transportation, parking is a very important part of our
municipal landscapes, but it is significantly undervalued in some cities because users do not pay
*Corresponding author (Reham M. M. Mohie El-Din) E-mail: arch.rehammostafa@gmail.com.
2015. International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences &
Technologies. Volume 6 No.3 ISSN 2228-9860 eISSN 1906-9642. Online Available at
http://TUENGR.COM/V06/125.pdf.
129
6. market costs for parking. In general, the design of the streets and how planners manage parking
can encourage multi-modal use and improve safety. Parking in livable streets is divided into two
types; large parking areas attached to the streets and on-street parking lots. The parking should
provide secure bicycle parking wherever needed. Parking problems is not usually solved only by
uncalculated increase in the parking lots or areas, but can be resolved through implementing
other strategies such as using shared parking plans and allowing parking permits for residents or
any other adequate measures (CMAP, 2012).
Figure 5: On-street parking lots and parking areas
(Photos used with permission from CMAP, (2012)).
2.3 Pedestrians: Residents & Tourists
Everyone, at some point in the day, is a pedestrian. Thus, designing pedestrian-friendly
environments is a crucial element to the livability of the streets and is the city’s most
fundamental assets. Livability seeks to enhance the pedestrian character of the street by
providing a continuous sidewalk network and incorporating elements that minimize the negative
impacts of vehicle on pedestrians. It involves creating buffers from the street for pedestrians,
Figure 6: Special routs and gathering points for pedestrians and tourists
(Photo used with permission from VREF, (2012)) and (Photo from Evans (2013))
providing wider sidewalks and creating plazas, designing traffic calming measures to reduce
traffic speed, and building communities that allow daily tasks to be done by walking. The streets
must be walkable, easy to cross, and providing pedestrians with signs and bridges. Pedestrians
are not only residents of the city, but also tourists and visitors to the city, especially to cities with
130 Reham M. M. Mohie El-Din
7. historical places and each has his own needs that must be satisfied like safety (Dumbaugh, 2005)
& (Timmer & Seymoar, 2005), Figure 6.
2.4 Safe & Secure Streets
While safety has been a concern for the transportation system throughout its history, the
current approach to addressing a livable street safety involves both vehicles and pedestrians at
the same time. Making neighbourhoods safer for vehicles, pedestrians, and bicyclists saves lives
and this can be accomplished through designing safe intersections for all street users. In addition,
there must be alternative transportation options lanes such as bicycle lanes that protect riders
from other forms of transportation and extra-wide sidewalks for pedestrians. Pedestrian’s safety
from vehicles can be also accomplished by putting buffers objects in between the pedestrians and
the moving cars. Because, if streets are too wide, or if turning cars are encroaching on the
crosswalk, the walking experience starts to feel hazardous and uncomfortable, especially when
the cars are moving fast. Moreover, pedestrians need to feel safe from crime especially at night
and for women, which means providing adequate sidewalk lighting and putting security points or
cars wherever needed especially at every major transit station. It can be also solved with cities
with high densities and mixed land uses which ensure that there are people around to provide a
sense of safety (NYC Streets org., 2012) & (Livablecity org., 2002).
2.5 Green Areas, Streetscape & Environmental Factors
Although green areas and streetscape in the streets and open public areas helps to enhance
the aesthetic quality of a roadway and the livability of the roads, there is substantive
disagreement about their safety effects, since some regards roadside features such as street trees
as fixed-object hazards and strongly discourages their use. In spite of that debate, having trees
and green areas is interesting to look at, makes for a better walking experience and helps to
Figure 7: The streets’ streetscape and green areas
(Photos used with permission from CMAP, (2012)).
create a healthy city with lower carbon dioxide levels. It also offers shading elements in hot
countries, reflects the city local and cultural identity, and serve to buffer the pedestrian from
*Corresponding author (Reham M. M. Mohie El-Din) E-mail: arch.rehammostafa@gmail.com.
2015. International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences &
Technologies. Volume 6 No.3 ISSN 2228-9860 eISSN 1906-9642. Online Available at
http://TUENGR.COM/V06/125.pdf.
131
8. potentially hazardous oncoming traffic and to provide spatial definition to the public right-of-
way. In other words, green areas and streetscape enhance the quality of life in a city. Figure 7,
streetscape includes good seating, lighting, clear signage with local information, and other
amenities to help people to gather and increase sociability (Dumbaugh, 2005).
Beside green areas, environmental factors that should be addressed while creating livable
streets is water and it involves storm water management control plan, potable water supply and
minimizing waste water in the streets. It also means creating wastes management plan that
provides street bins and waste trucks collection in a manner to help their recycling. Energy is
another very important factor, it means saving energy while lighting the streets and may be using
street elements to produce renewable energy. And of course, it aims at reducing air and noise
pollution due to car exhausts and sounds by decreasing vehicles numbers in the streets. Finally,
a comprehensive environmental factors plan requires hazards control plan whether hazards are
expected or unexpected, see Figures 8 and 9.
Figure 8: Storm water and recycling waste bins
(Photo used with permission from NYC Streets org., (2012)) and Bajkowski, J., 2014).
Figure 9: Wasted light when letting it works in daytime
(Photo from Glennsferryidaho.org, 2014).
2.6 Economics & Resiliency
Livable streets enhance wise development and create stronger local economies. Since
shoppers are walkers, thus improving pedestrian life supports local economics and provides jobs.
In addition, investing in streets enhance real estate values and increase the tax base, besides
making efficient use of existing infrastructure. In addition, this way the city will provide housing
that is more affordable, making it more welcoming to immigrants while increasing accessibility
132 Reham M. M. Mohie El-Din
9. and thus, the city will be more economically competitive. It was also discovered that developing
existing cities and improving their livability is more cost-effective and resource-efficient than
developing in areas without adequate infrastructure. Yes, transportation is expensive, but there
are many untapped resources that the city can turn to. Creative funding options range from user
fees to make sure cars pay their own way, to development impact fees, to joint development on
top of public facilities (NYC Streets org., 2012) & (CMAP, 2012).
Planning for a future that is better than today, is crucial to the livability of the city. The
resiliency concept is so entwined with livability, thus, creating livable streets means making the
streets more resilience. Resiliency of a street means planning them to function in 100 years’
time. Planners must only imagine things getting worse, predicting that congestion will increase
and mobility will decrease. Thus developing a plan to ensure that over time, the city grows more
healthy and livable. Comprehensive transportation planning can help us make informed choices
about what future the city residents want. In order for this futuristic plan to succeed there must
be a continuous maintenance and supervision over the streets and all its elements and
infrastructure (Livablecity org., 2002).
3. Conclusion
If planners continue planning the streets for cars and traffic only all what they will get is
more cars and traffic; conversely, if they start planning the cities for residents and places, they
will get more residence and places. This study concludes that by better understanding the
elements involved in a comprehensive design of livable street, which involves the decision
maker, the planner, vehicles, and pedestrians, planners can have roadways that are safe and
secure for all street users; pedestrians, cyclists, car drivers and transit-users. The livable streets
are also environmentally, socially and economically enhanced.
Moreover, livability addresses the parking problems whether on-street or large parking areas
as part of the transportation system plan, in addition to congestion control plan and freight
transport management plan. It encourages creating pedestrian friendly streets that promotes
walking, street aesthetics through green areas and streetscape. Livable streets make it easier to
walk from one destination to the other, to cross the street, and to ride a bike; in addition, they can
reduce accidents at dangerous intersections. Giving priority to walking over other forms of
transportation is safer, healthier and improves the quality of life for residents. Although, driving
will continue to be the primary mode of transportation for many residents, but it must be
evaluated as one part of a comprehensive multi-modal transportation system that includes
walking, biking, and transit. Overall, a livable city is one in which the car is accommodated but
*Corresponding author (Reham M. M. Mohie El-Din) E-mail: arch.rehammostafa@gmail.com.
2015. International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences &
Technologies. Volume 6 No.3 ISSN 2228-9860 eISSN 1906-9642. Online Available at
http://TUENGR.COM/V06/125.pdf.
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10. other forms of transportation are encouraged. Finally, reduced emphasis on cars and parking
makes transit, walking, and biking more viable options. In addition to the quality-of-life benefits,
livability and resiliency of a street makes a good economic sense for the city and its residents.
4. References
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Dr. Reham M. M. Mohie El-Din is a lecturer in the Architectural Engineering and Building Technology
Department with a specialization in environmental design and planning at Faculty of Engineering, Modern
Academy for Engineering and Technology, Egypt. She has a PhD degree (Dual Degree) from Politecnico Di
Torino, Italy and Cairo University, Egypt. She is interested in the sustainability concept in architecture. Her work
examines this concept on the city scale as well as the building scale while using variable scopes in her approach to
it.
Note: The original of this article was accepted and presented at the 2nd International
Workshop on Livable City 2014 (IWLC2014), a Joint Conference with International
Conference on Engineering, Innovation, and Technology (EIT), held at Tabung Haji Hotel,
Alor Star, Malaysia, during December 9-11, 2014.
134 Reham M. M. Mohie El-Din