The document discusses several topics relating to polynomial functions: 1. It introduces the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra, Descartes' Rule of Signs, the Remainder Theorem, Factor Theorem, and Rational Zeros Theorem. 2. It explains that Descartes' Rule of Signs gives an upper bound on the number of positive roots a polynomial may have, similar to how the Fundamental Theorem gives an upper bound on total roots. 3. It provides an example using synthetic division to demonstrate how the Remainder Theorem and Factor Theorem can be used to determine if a linear factor is present.