Uploaded byQualcomm Research
LTE Advanced is Here!
The document discusses the advancements and success factors of LTE Advanced technology, highlighting carrier aggregation, multimode device support, and enhanced voice solutions. It outlines Qualcomm's contributions in providing technology for seamless connectivity and the evolution of LTE to meet increasing data demands. Key features include the ability to support heterogeneous networks and enhance user experiences through improved data rates and capacity management.
More Related Content
LTE Advanced is Here!
- 1. Mobilize October 16th 2013,San Francisco, CA LTE Advanced is Here! Speaker: Prakash Sangam, Director - Tech Marketing 1
- 2. • LTE successfactors • LTE Advanced carrier aggregation is here! • Bringing more out of small cells with LTE Advanced • Q&A Agenda 2
- 3. LTE has avibrant ecosystem with two flavors: FDD and TDD Global LTE network launches 213 Launches 21 >450 Operators investing in LTE LTE TDD momentum TDD Launches 222 TDD Devices Announced Large and growing device ecosystem 1064 Devices 111 Vendors > 126 Million Global LTE/3G multimode connections Source: www.gsacom.com , Sep 2013 3
- 4. Successful LTE requires multimode,multiple bands, interworking, voice, and more… 4
- 5. Seamless 3G interworkingis the foundation to successful LTE Enables consistent broadband experience outside LTE coverage Enables global roaming for the foreseeable future Enables ubiquitous voice services— even with VoLTE1 Multimode LTE (FDD and/or TDD) 3G (and 2G) LTE FDD/TDD WCDMA/HSPA+ 1X, EV-DO TD-SCDMA GSMA/EDGE Enables ubiquitous data coverage, voice services, and global roaming 1Fallback to 3G/2G (CSFB) since 2012; VoLTE with SRVCC ensures seamless voice, but CSFB still needed for roaming Qualcomm Gobi is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. 5
- 6. Inherent LTE FDD/TDDinterworking and seamless voice Initial launches Initial voice solution Long-term voice solution LTE data devices LTE data handsets LTE VoIP handsets LTE for data only LTE for data 2G/3G for voice Simultaneous LTE VoIP and rich data services LTE TDD/FDD with 2G/3G multimode launched globally1 Circuit switched fallback (CSFB) to 2G/3G voice launched globally (FDD and TDD) Coming: VoLTE with single radio voice call continuity (SRVCC) + CSFB to 2G/3G voice for roaming Inherent seamless TDD/FDD interworking for data Inherent seamless TDD/FDD interworking Inherent seamless TDD/FDD interworking for VoLTE 2G/3G coverage continuity and roaming 1Including seamless data LTE and 3G interworking with mobility through redirection, and packet switched handover. 6
- 7. Ability to supporttrue heterogeneous networks Small cells everywhere Indoor/outdoor of different flavors More spectrum; paired, unpaired, higher bands Over 40 bands and counting Multiple modes LTE FDD/TDD, 1X/EV-DO WCDMA/HSPA+, TD-SCDMA, GSM/EDGE ENTERPRISE Multiple connectivity such as Wi-Fi for opportunistic offload Device in the center of complexity METRO RESIDENTIAL Seamless experience across technologies, cells, bands 7
- 8. Qualcomm solves the LTEproduct complexities 8
- 9. Qualcomm’s unique advantage—wesolve LTE complexities Hiding the complexity underneath the most seamless mobile connectivity Connectivity Wi-Fi BT Radio Frequency Bands GPS 19 23 24 26 27 28 21 2 3 5 6 EV-DO 4 8 9 1 GSM/EDGE 18 CDMA 1x Handover Techniques (Multiple Can Apply in Each Case) System Selection Blind Redirection Redirection w/ Measurements Reselection 25 PS Handover CS Fallback CSFB w/ SI Tunneling Single Radio VCC 22 33 35 36 37 38 7 10 11 12 20 34 39 40 41 42 43 13 14 17 44 WCDMA/HSPA TD-SCDMA LTE FDD/TDD Handover Combinations (Hypothetical Examples) LTE 2G/3G 9
- 10. The modem isthe foundation—the bar is getting higher Then you can integrate mobile computing, graphics and multimedia components THE BAR IS GETTING HIGHER AND HIGHER Optimize power and performance in a mobile environment LOW POWER HIGH DATA RATE SMALL SIZE MITIGATE HEAT LOW COST Solve interworking complexity Support all technologies, bands, modes, ... LTE FDD EV-DO LTE TDD GSM/ EDGE UMTS 7 Cellular Standards +Standards Evolution Components of the type(s) mentioned in this slide are products of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. CDMA TD1X SCDMA 700/ 850/900 1500/ 1700/1900 ~40 RF Bands 17 LTE Voice Modes 2300/ 2600 Wi-Fi GNSS BT Wi-Fi, BT, GNSS 10
- 11. Qualcomm Technologies alreadyon its 3rd generation Gobi LTE modems Continuously increasing level of features, interworking and integration Third Generation World’s First LTE/3G multimode with Cat4 and Carrier Aggregation (launched June 2013) Second Generation First Generation World’s First Mobile Platform (Modem+AP) with integrated LTE/3G Multimode World’s first integrated LTE/3G MDM 9x15 MDM 9600 Snapdragon S4 (8960) Snapdragon 400 (8930) MDM 9200 100Mbps/50Mbps DL/UL FDD and TDD 2010-2011 Snapdragon 800 (8974) Snapdragon 400 (8926) LTE 150Mbps/50 Mbps DL/UL LTE Advanced Carrier aggregation TD-SCDMA LTE Broadcast (eMBMS) VoLTE 2012 Note: Snapdragon integrates the Gobi modems, but Gobi modems are also offered as a standalone modem product Qualcomm Snapdragon and Qualcomm Gobi are products of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. MDM 9x25 2013 11
- 12. Enabling multimode LTEin all smartphone tiers 800 Snapdragon 800 (Launched with 3rd Gen. Gobi modem) Premium smartphones and tablets 600 Snapdragon 6001 400 (Launched with 2nd Gen. Gobi modem) High-end smartphones and tablets (3rd Snapdragon 400 Gen. Gobi modem coming) High-volume smartphones in emerging regions 1 Snapdragon 600 launched 1H 2013 uses separate 2nd generation LTE Gobi modem MDM 9x15. Snapdragon 800 (8974 launched June 2013) and newest 400 (8926) have both integrated 3rd gen. LTE support Cat4(150Mbps) and LTE Advanced carrier aggregation 12 Qualcomm Snapdragon is a product of Qualcomm Technologies Inc.
- 13. • LTE successfactors • LTE Advanced carrier aggregation is here! • Bringing more out of small cells with LTE Advanced • Q&A Agenda 13
- 14. A strong LTEevolution path 2013 FDD and TDD support Enhanced voice fallback (CSFB), VoLTE, LTE Broadcast (eMBMS) Rel-9 Rel-8 LTE Mbps1 DL: 73 – 150 UL: 36 – 75 Mbps1 (10 MHz – 20 MHz) 1Peak 2014 2015 Carrier Aggregation, relays, HetNets (eICIC/IC), Adv MIMO Realizes full benefits of HetNets (FeICIC/IC) Rel-10 Rel-11 2016+ LTE Direct, Hetnets enhancements, Multiflow, WiFi interworking, Rel-12 & Beyond LTE Advanced DL: 3 Gbps2 UL: 1.5 Gbps2 ( Up to 100 MHz) rates for 10 MHz or 20 MHz FDD using 2x2 MIMO, standard supports 4x4 MIMO enabling peak rates of 300 Mbps. 2Peak data rate can exceed 1 Gbps using 4x4 MIMO and at least 80 MHz of spectrum (carrier aggregation), or 3GBps with 8x8 MIMO and 100MHz of spectrum. Similarly, the uplink can reach 1.5Gbps with 4x4 MIMO. Commercial Note: Estimated commercial dates. 14 Created 7/18/2013
- 15. Different dimensions ofimprovements—most gain from HetNets LTE Carrier #3 Leverage wider bandwidth Carrier aggregation across multiple carriers and multiple bands LTE Carrier #1 LTE Carrier #4 Aggregated Data Pipe LTE Carrier #2 Leverage more antennas Downlink MIMO up to 8x8, enhanced Multi User MIMO and uplink MIMO up to 4x4. Coordinated multipoint (CoMP) MIMO Higher spectral efficiency (bps/Hz) Leverage HetNets With advanced interference management (eICIC/IC) Primarily higher data rates (bps) LTE Carrier #5 LTE Advanced Up to 100 MHz Small Cell Higher spectral efficiency per coverage area (bps/Hz/km2) 15
- 16. LTE Advanced carrieraggregation is here … 16
- 17. Carrier aggregation launched—keyto enabling 150 Mbps Carrier aggregation is the first step of LTE Advanced Uplink 10 MHz + 10 MHz 150 Mbps needs 20 MHz of bandwidth and many operators do not have 20 MHz of contiguous bandwidth Downlink (Interband) 10 MHz Band X Band Y Band X Carrier Aggregation allows operators to combine 10 MHz from different bands to achieve 150 Mbps peak rate Snapdragon 800 8974 LTE Advanced DL LTE Carrier MDM 9x25 LTE Advanced DL LTE Carrier UL LTE Carrier Aggregated Data Pipe World’s first mobile device with LTE Advanced Carrier Aggregation powered by Qualcomm® Snapdragon™ 800 June 2013 Note: Snapdragon 800 includes 8974, which integrates our third generation Gobi LTE modem, but Gobi modems are also offered as a standalone modem product 17 Qualcomm Snapdragon and Qualcomm Gobi are products of Qualcomm Technologies Inc.
- 18. Up to 20MHz Up to 20 MHz Up to 20 MHz Up to 20 MHz Up to 20 MHz Higher peak data rates LTE Carrier #3 LTE Carrier #1 LTE Carrier #4 Aggregated Data Pipe Up to 100 MHz LTE Carrier #2 LTE Carrier #5 Higher user data rates and lower latencies for all users More capacity for typical ‘bursty’ usage1 Leverages all spectrum assets Carrier Aggregation—fatter pipe to enhance user experience 1The typical bursty nature of usage, such as web browsing, means that aggregated carriers can support more users at the same response (user experience) compared to two individual carriers, given that the for carriers are partially loaded which is typical in real networks. The gain depends on the load and can exceed 100% for fewer users (less loaded carrier) but less for many users. For completely loaded carrier, there is limited capacity gain between individal carriers and aggregated carriers, 18
- 19. Carrier aggregation increasescapacity for typical network load Bursty data applications Carrier aggregation capacity gain Burst Rate (normalized) 6 2 10MHz Single Carriers 10MHz + 10MHz Carrier Aggregation User experience 5 Data bursts 4 3 2 Partially loaded carriers 1 Capacity gain can exceed 2x (for same user experience)1 0 0 Idle time 3 6 6 12 9 18 12 24 15 30 Load (Mbps) 1Carrier aggregation doubles burst rate for all users in the cell, which reduces over-the-air latency ~50%, but if the user experience is kept the same (same burst rate), multicarrier can instead support more users for partially loaded carriers. The gain depends on the load and can exceed 100% for fewer users (less loaded carrier) but less for many users (starting to resemble full buffer with limited gain). Source: Qualcomm simulations, 3GPP simulation framework, FTP traffic model with 1MB file size, 57 macro cells wrap-around, 500m ISD (D1), 2x2 MIMO, TU3, NLOS, 15 degree downtilt 2GHz spectrum., 19
- 20. Advanced multiple antenna techniquesfor more capacity 20
- 21. More antennas—large gainfrom receive diversity Downlink 1.7x Diversity, MIMO (+ 2 x 2 MIMO) 1x NodeB 4 Way Receive Diversity Device 2 x 2 MIMO LARGE GAIN, NO STANDARDS OR NETWORK IMPACT MAINSTREAM COMMERCIAL Relative spectral efficiency Note: LTE Advanced R10 and beyond adds up to 8x8 Downlink MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output), enhanced Multi User MIMO and uplink MIMO up to 4x4. Simulations: 3GPP framework, 21 macro cells wrap-around, 500m ISD (D1), 10MHz FDD, carrier freq 2GHz, 25 UEs per cell, TU 3km/h, full-buffer traffic, no imbalance or correlation among antennas. 2x4 MIMO used for receive diversity gain of 1.7x compared to 2x2 MIMO, similarly 2x3 diversity provides a 1.3x gain over 2x2 MIMO 21
- 22. Leverage multiple antennaswith fiber installations Coordinated Multipoint (CoMP) progression for more capacity and better user experience Coordinated beamforming Coordinated scheduling Remote Radio Head (RRH) Macro Joint transmission Remote Radio Head (RRH) Remote Radio Head (RRH) Same or different cell identity across multiple cells Central processing/scheduling (requires low latency fiber) 22 Note: CoMP enabled by TM9 or TM10 transmission modes in the device and network. Picture focuses on downlink CoMP techniques, CoMP also applies to the uplink
- 23. • LTE successfactors • LTE Advanced carrier aggregation is here! • Bringing more out of small cells with LTE Advanced • Q&A Agenda 23
- 24. Small cell Range Expansion Highercapacity, network load balancing, enhanced user experience, user fairness It’s not just about adding small cells — LTE Advanced brings even more capacity and enables hyper-dense HetNets1 1By applying advanced interference management to HetNets, a.k.a eICIC/IC 24
- 25. 1X Small cell Range Expansion (eICIC/IC) Macro Only LTER8 Macro+ 4 Picos with Range Expansion LTE Advanced 1.4X LTE R8 2.8X Macro+ 4 Picos Data rate improvement2 Increased network capacity and enhanced user experience 1By applying advanced interference management to HetNets. 2Median downlink data rate. Assumptions: 4 Picos added per macro and 33% of users dropped in clusters closer to picos (hotspots) : 10 MHz FDD, 2x2 MIMO, 25 users and 500m ISD. Advanced interference management: enhanced time-domain adaptive resource partitioning, advanced receiver devices with enhanced RRM and RLM1Similar gain for the uplink 25
- 26. More users benefitfrom small cells with range expansion Range expansion More users on small cell2 better macro offload Range Expansion LTE R8 82% Small cell 57% 37% Enabled By: Adaptive Resource Partitioning (eICIC)1 Advanced Receiver Devices with Interference Cancellation (IC) 6% 2 12% 4 26% 10 Number of Picos per Macro Cell Assumptions: TR 36.814, Macro ISD=500m, 100 antenna downtilt 25 UEs per Macro cell, uniform random layout, 10 MHz FDD, 2x2 MIMO. 1And enhanced RRM and RLM to allow handover to weak cells, to maintain reliable link with weak cells, and to provide accurate feedback with resource partitioning. Standards name eICIC: Enhanced inter-cell interference coordination 2For uniform, random user distribution 26
- 27. Adaptive resource partitioning (eICIC)1 Advanced receiver devices (IC)2 Full backward compatibility (ABS)3 Advanced InterferenceManagement (eICIC/IC) The Secret Sauce 1eICIC (R10) and FeICIC (R11) stands for (Further) enhanced Inter Cell Interference Coordination 2IC (R11) stands for Interference Cancellation 3ABS (R10) is to continue to transmit overhead channels in ‘Almost Blank Subframes’ to support legacy devices 27
- 28. Adaptive resource partitioning(eICIC): Time Macro Small Cells Macro Small Cells Macro Small Cells eICIC (R10) stands for enhanced Inter Cell Interference Coordination (coordination in the time domain). Also need enhanced RRM and RLM to allow handover to weak cells, to maintain reliable link with weak cells, and to provide accurate feedback with resource 28 partitioning.
- 29. To discover Small Cells Toenable higher data rates To enable full range expansion Advanced receiver devices with interference cancellation Cancelling overhead channels benefits all deployment scenarios, but most gain together with network interference coordination (eICIC) Device interference cancellation cancels overhead channels such as such as synch, broadcast and common reference signal(CRS). Performance requirements part of 3GPP R11 29
- 30. LTE Advanced HetNets:Our test bed today—your network tomorrow Over-The-Air HetNet Macrocells and picocells in a co-channel deployment since March 2011 Demonstrating pico discovery and range expansion with mobility since 2012 Opportunistic Hetnets with full VoIP mobility demonstrated since 2013 Evaluating the design and features to realize the full benefits of heterogeneous networks 30
- 31. LTE Advanced is akey enabler to the 1000x mobile data challenge 31
- 32. LTE Advanced isa key enabler to the 1000x data challenge 1000x Continue to evolve LTE: Multiflow, Hetnets enhancements Opportunistic HetNets LTE Direct for proximity services LTE Broadcast Carrier Aggregation (TDD and FDD) Authorized Shared Access (ASA) Higher spectrum bands (esp. TDD) Hetnets with eICIC/IC interference management New deployment models, e.g. neighborhood small cells Note: to learn more about 1000x go to www.qualcomm.com/1000x ; www.qualcomm.com/hetNets and www.qual;comm.com/spectrum 32
- 33. ~37X SMALL CELL SMALL ~21X CELL SMALLCELL SMALL CELL SMALL CELL SMALL CELL SMALL CELL SMALL CELL ~11X CELL SMALL SMALL CELL ~6X SMALL CELL SMALL CELL SMALL CELL +16 Small Cells Capacity scales with small cells +32 Small Cells SMALL CELL SMALL CELL SMALL CELL SMALL CELL SMALL CELL +8 Small Cells SMALL CELL SMALL CELL SMALL CELL +4 Small Cells SMALL CELL SMALL CELL SMALL CELL SMALL CELL SMALL CELL SMALL CELL SMALL CELL SMALL CELL SMALL CELL added1 LTE Advanced with 2x Spectrum added LTE Advanced, showing what is possible now, add spectrum and improved techniques for gradual increase towards 1000x Roadmap to 1000x: Capacity scales with small cells deployed thanks to advanced interference management (eICIC/IC) 1 Assumptions: Pico type of small cell, 10MHz@2GHz + 10MHz@3.6GHz,D1 scenario macro 500m ISD, uniform user distribution scenario. Gain is median throughput improvement, from baseline with macro only on 10MHz@2GH, part of gain is addition of 10MHz spectrum. Users uniformly distributed—a hotspot scenario could provide higher gains. Macro and outdoor small cells sharing spectrum (co-channel) 33
- 34. Enhanced HetNets Tighter Wi-Fi interworking M2M enhancements LTE expanding intonew areas Such as Opportunistic HetNets, Multiflow, next gen. advanced receivers Further enhancements—3GPP R12 and Beyond LTE Advanced continues to evolve and expand into new areas 34
- 35. HetNets: combining multiplecells and technologies WAN ‘Anchor’ WAN ‘Booster’ Wi-Fi ‘Booster’ Macro Small Cell Across carriers1, across FDD/TDD2 Improved offload to small cells Across cells —multiflow2 Efficient network load balancing 1 Carrier aggregation from R10 LTE within FDD or TDD. 2 Multiflow is a 3GPP R12 LTE candidate., as well as FDD and TDD aggregation. 3 RAN interworking across LTE, HSPA+ and Wi-Fi is a 3GPP R12 candidate. Interworking across technologies3 Improved mobility 35
- 36. HetNets: next generationadvanced receivers To mitigate interference—even more beneficial in dense HetNets LTE advanced can cancel common signaling1 Next step for LTE advanced: further enhanced LTE receivers2 Inter cell interference Serving cell Interference Cancellation 1Performance requirement added to 3GPP for cancellation of common signaling (PSS/SSS/PBCH/CRS) in Rel 10/11. 2Broad study on UE interference suppression with & without network assistance in 3GPP R12 36
- 37. Tighter Wi-Fi—3G/4G interworking Convergenceof Cellular and Wi-Fi Infrastructure 1) Seamless Access— Passpoint/Hotspot 2.01 Combine Wi-Fi and 3G/4G 2) Operator Deployed Wi-Fi access managed via 3G/4G2 1 Passpoint is the WFA certified implementation of hotspot 2.0, supported by Qualcomm (QCA, and Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.), which enables a simpler, secure and seamless access to Wi-Fi networks. 2 Such as more dynamic control of which traffic to offload to Wi-Fi through device centric and/or network centric solutions. Standards enhancements for RAN network centric interworking approaches considered for R12 and beyond. 37
- 38. LTE evolving andexpanding into new areas Same content ~3.5 GHz LTE Direct: integrated device to device discovery & communication for proximity services Backhaul solutions with LTE waveform line of sight, non line of sight, relays First step towards higher bands Enhancements to support much higher spectrum bands Dynamic LTE broadcast, also going into areas beyond mobile 38
- 39. Summary: Qualcomm LTEadvanced leadership Standards Leadership A main contributor to key LTE Advanced features Major contributor for ITU IMT-Advanced submission Instrumental in driving eICIC/IC Industry-first Demos MWC 2011: Live HetNet Demo MWC 2012: Live Over-The-Air HetNet Demo with Mobility MWC 2013: Live OTA opportunistic HetNet Demo with VoIP Mobility. Authorized Shared Access (ASA) demo Industry-first Chipsets Third generation Gobi LTE modem launched June 13’ with carrier aggregation in Snapdragon 800 8974 LTE Advanced MDM 9x25 LTE Advanced Snapdragon 800 39 Qualcomm Snapdragon and Qualcomm Gobi are products of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.
- 40. Questions? - Connectwith Us www.qualcomm.com/technology http://www.qualcomm.com/blog/contributors/prakash-sangam BLOG @Qualcomm_tech http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL8AD95E4F585237C1&feature=plcp http://www.slideshare.net/qualcommwirelessevolution http://storify.com/qualcomm_tech 40
- 41. Thank you Follow uson: For more information on Qualcomm, visit us at: www.qualcomm.com & www.qualcomm.com/blog ©2013 QUALCOMM Incorporated and/or its subsidiaries. All Rights Reserved. Qualcomm, Snapdragon, and Gobi, are trademarks of Q UALCOMM Incorporated, registered in the United States and other countries. Qualcomm RF360 and RF POP are the trademarks of QUALCOMM Incorporated. All other trademarks are property of their respective owners References in this presentation to “Qualcomm” may mean Qualcomm Incorporated, Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., and/or other subsi diaries or business units within the Qualcomm corporate structure, as applicable. Qualcomm Incorporated includes Qualcomm’s licensing business, QTL, and the vast majority of its patent portfolio. Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Qualcomm Incorporated, operates, along with its subsidiaries, substantially all of Qualcomm’s engineering, research and devel opment functions, and substantially all of its product and services businesses, including its semiconductor business, QMC. 41