The document discusses LTE carrier aggregation technology. It describes Qualcomm's LTE carrier aggregation test projects in South Korea with various mobile device manufacturers. It also outlines Ericsson's LTE optimization projects with telecom operators in Saudi Arabia and South Korea. Finally, it provides background information on 3GPP LTE release 10 and release 11 specifications related to carrier aggregation configurations and bandwidth classifications.
Andy sutton - Multi-RAT mobile backhaul for Het-Netshmatthews1
At our 5th Telecoms Evangelist meet up Andy Sutton of EE gave a fantastic presentation reviewing the latest trends and developments in mobile backhaul architecture, strategy and technology. Starting with a review of backhaul capacity, performance requirements and protocol architecture, the presentation initially focused on the macro cell layer before going on to discuss options for evolving towards a true multi-layered heterogeneous network. Take a look!
NGFI (Next Generation Fronthaul Interface) native RoE (Radio over Ethernet)ITU
This is a presentation and a demo for both NGFI (Next Generation Fronthaul Interface) native RoE (Radio over Ethernet) with Intra PHY split implemented in it, and CPRI over Ethernet encapsulated in structure agnostic mode. Compared to CPRI, the NGFI native RoE implementation improves bandwidth usage greatly, which better supports 5G applications demanding for higher bandwidth. In the CPRI over Ethernet demonstration, bidirectional CPRI flows are recovered without error, which enables C-RAN (centralized radio access network) architecture by using Ethernet as a transport network.
Author : Anders Lund, Bomin Li, Thomas Nørgaard, Comcores
Presented at ITU-T Focus Group IMT-2020 Workshop and Demo Day, 7 December 2016.
More details on the event : http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/Workshops-and-Seminars/201612/Pages/Programme.aspx
Introduction Videos about LTE AP Pro
Overview on LTE and 4.5 G Evolution Around the World
LTE Advance Pro: Enhancements
LTE Advance Pro: New Use Cases
Case Study: Turkey’s Mobile Operators Evolution towards 4.5 G
Summary of LTE Advance Pro
MATLAB Simulation: 2D Beamforming algorithms (LMS, NLMS RLS and CM)
References
The document discusses the evolution of network architectures from 2G to 5G. It describes the key network elements and interfaces in 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G networks. The 5G network architecture uses both a reference point architecture for the user plane and a service-based architecture for the control plane. The main network functions in the 5G control plane are the AMF, SMF, UDM, AUSF, NSSF, NEF, NRF and UDR. The UPF is the main network element in the user plane.
I great privilege to end Ampleon Technical Conference 2021 (Nijmegen, Netherlands) with a keynote contribution on what makes Telco tick and more on what to expect from real 5G. It was as well more than 20 years since I had seen many of my old Philips colleagues (now Ampleon) which made this event very special for me as well. Of course, also super cool to see the innovation level and relevance to our deployed RAN infrastructure.
Rec 12 073 Lte Small Cells Presentation ArrowsAdrian Treacy
Telefonica UK conducted LTE trials in 2009 in Slough, UK to test the performance of LTE technology. The trials aimed to understand coverage, capacity, mobility and user experience on LTE. Key results included achieving peak downlink speeds of 135Mbps and average cell throughput of 25Mbps with LTE, compared to 2-3Mbps on HSPA networks. LTE also showed high mobility performance with over 99.9% success between LTE cells and low interruption times. The trials provided learning for Telefonica on LTE network planning, deployment and optimization.
5G Transport Network Requirement for Indian Telecom By Subrata SenSukhvinder Singh Malik
There are few people whom we meet and connect instantly. Recently, We met Subrata Sen, (Head, Fiber/Transport Planning at Bharti Infratel Ltd) and veteran in telecom industry during a conference. During our conversation, we had long discussion about upcoming technologies and how important the backhaul , specially fiber is for future network.
For example, if we wish to move our telco infrastructure to Cloud, virtualize our network elements, do we have the capability to move all data traffic to centralized cloud? Mr. Sen provided his expert opinion on how the transport network needs to be redesigned and what are important parameters for the same.
Objective is to include the brief insight on 5G network architecture and standard progress, Accumulated it from different paper/journal, vendor’s white paper and different blog.
Andy sutton - Multi-RAT mobile backhaul for Het-Netshmatthews1
At our 5th Telecoms Evangelist meet up Andy Sutton of EE gave a fantastic presentation reviewing the latest trends and developments in mobile backhaul architecture, strategy and technology. Starting with a review of backhaul capacity, performance requirements and protocol architecture, the presentation initially focused on the macro cell layer before going on to discuss options for evolving towards a true multi-layered heterogeneous network. Take a look!
NGFI (Next Generation Fronthaul Interface) native RoE (Radio over Ethernet)ITU
This is a presentation and a demo for both NGFI (Next Generation Fronthaul Interface) native RoE (Radio over Ethernet) with Intra PHY split implemented in it, and CPRI over Ethernet encapsulated in structure agnostic mode. Compared to CPRI, the NGFI native RoE implementation improves bandwidth usage greatly, which better supports 5G applications demanding for higher bandwidth. In the CPRI over Ethernet demonstration, bidirectional CPRI flows are recovered without error, which enables C-RAN (centralized radio access network) architecture by using Ethernet as a transport network.
Author : Anders Lund, Bomin Li, Thomas Nørgaard, Comcores
Presented at ITU-T Focus Group IMT-2020 Workshop and Demo Day, 7 December 2016.
More details on the event : http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/Workshops-and-Seminars/201612/Pages/Programme.aspx
Introduction Videos about LTE AP Pro
Overview on LTE and 4.5 G Evolution Around the World
LTE Advance Pro: Enhancements
LTE Advance Pro: New Use Cases
Case Study: Turkey’s Mobile Operators Evolution towards 4.5 G
Summary of LTE Advance Pro
MATLAB Simulation: 2D Beamforming algorithms (LMS, NLMS RLS and CM)
References
The document discusses the evolution of network architectures from 2G to 5G. It describes the key network elements and interfaces in 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G networks. The 5G network architecture uses both a reference point architecture for the user plane and a service-based architecture for the control plane. The main network functions in the 5G control plane are the AMF, SMF, UDM, AUSF, NSSF, NEF, NRF and UDR. The UPF is the main network element in the user plane.
I great privilege to end Ampleon Technical Conference 2021 (Nijmegen, Netherlands) with a keynote contribution on what makes Telco tick and more on what to expect from real 5G. It was as well more than 20 years since I had seen many of my old Philips colleagues (now Ampleon) which made this event very special for me as well. Of course, also super cool to see the innovation level and relevance to our deployed RAN infrastructure.
Rec 12 073 Lte Small Cells Presentation ArrowsAdrian Treacy
Telefonica UK conducted LTE trials in 2009 in Slough, UK to test the performance of LTE technology. The trials aimed to understand coverage, capacity, mobility and user experience on LTE. Key results included achieving peak downlink speeds of 135Mbps and average cell throughput of 25Mbps with LTE, compared to 2-3Mbps on HSPA networks. LTE also showed high mobility performance with over 99.9% success between LTE cells and low interruption times. The trials provided learning for Telefonica on LTE network planning, deployment and optimization.
5G Transport Network Requirement for Indian Telecom By Subrata SenSukhvinder Singh Malik
There are few people whom we meet and connect instantly. Recently, We met Subrata Sen, (Head, Fiber/Transport Planning at Bharti Infratel Ltd) and veteran in telecom industry during a conference. During our conversation, we had long discussion about upcoming technologies and how important the backhaul , specially fiber is for future network.
For example, if we wish to move our telco infrastructure to Cloud, virtualize our network elements, do we have the capability to move all data traffic to centralized cloud? Mr. Sen provided his expert opinion on how the transport network needs to be redesigned and what are important parameters for the same.
Objective is to include the brief insight on 5G network architecture and standard progress, Accumulated it from different paper/journal, vendor’s white paper and different blog.
1) 5G shared spectrum technologies pioneered by Qualcomm such as LTE-U, LAA, LWA and MulteFire can unlock unused spectrum and improve spectrum utilization.
2) Qualcomm has contributed significantly to shared spectrum standards like CBRS and is a founder of alliances to develop shared spectrum technologies.
3) 5G New Radio is being designed by Qualcomm to support flexible deployment in shared, licensed, and unlicensed spectrum bands using technologies like LAA and MulteFire.
The document provides an overview of LTE (Long Term Evolution) technology. It discusses that LTE was developed to meet increasing demands for wireless data and information by optimizing wireless communication technology. Key points of LTE include using OFDM and MIMO to improve data transmission capacity and speed over wireless networks. The long-term goal of LTE was to simplify the network architecture and make it IP-based. The document also provides contact information for C&T RF Antennas Inc.
The history of synchronisation in digital cellular networks3G4G
Presented by Prof. Andy Sutton, Principal Network Architect within BT Architecture and Strategy team in the CW (Cambridge Wireless) Heritage SIG (#CWHeritage) event 'Time for Telecoms' on 16 March 2018 at the Science Museum, London.
*** Shared with Permission ***
China Mobile Zhejiang: Evolution to 5G Transport Networks Huawei Network
1) China Mobile Zhejiang is building the world's first commercial 5G transport network and has deployed 30 access nodes so far.
2) They are taking a leading role in completing technical verification for 5G transport network standards at organizations like IEEE, OIF, and IETF.
3) The 5G transport network aims to provide good service experience for all 5G scenarios through live network capabilities while achieving optimal total cost of ownership through reusing existing 4G network resources and simplified network protocols.
LTE Advanced carrier aggregation, it is possible to utilise more than one carrier and in this way increase the overall transmission bandwidth. These channels or carriers may be in contiguous elements of the spectrum, or they may be in different bands.
The document discusses eXplanoTech's technical training services for telecommunications technologies. It offers standard, customized, and bespoke courses. The standard courses cover topics such as LTE, LTE-A, 5G, and other wireless technologies. Customized courses allow clients to modify standard courses. Bespoke courses are entirely tailored to a client's specific needs and requirements.
This presentation will review the 5G market and use case needs and discuss how NG-PON2 is positioned to meet these requirements. Focus will be given to the different interface requirements based on emerging 5G standards and discuss where NG-PON2 will play a role in converged transport.
Presented by Michael Gronovius, Director Business Development, Ericsson
The document discusses 5G radio access network (RAN) fundamentals and architectures. It describes how the RAN has evolved from previous generations with more distributed and virtualized architectures in 5G. Key aspects of 5G RAN covered include centralized/virtualized RAN, Open RAN specifications, functional splits, and new concepts like network slicing and multi-access edge computing. Example use cases are also mentioned.
This document provides an overview of Long Term Evolution (LTE) wireless communication technology. It explains that LTE is an evolution of previous GSM/UMTS standards aimed at increasing wireless data network capacity and speed. Key points are:
- LTE uses OFDMA for downlink and SC-FDMA for uplink transmission. It supports flexible bandwidths from 1.4 to 20 MHz.
- LTE has a simplified IP-based network architecture compared to 3G, with reduced latency.
- LTE-Advanced further improves LTE, integrating networks and meeting 4G requirements. It allows for higher data speeds compared to WiMAX and previous LTE.
This white paper discusses opportunities for improving the energy efficiency of 5G networks. It outlines how 5G networks can achieve a massive capacity boost while keeping energy consumption flat through various techniques, such as:
1) Implementing base station sleep modes to reduce energy consumption during low traffic periods.
2) Improving small cell energy efficiency through lower transmission power and switching off unused small cells.
3) Achieving network-level energy efficiency gains through solutions like sleep modes and improved power amplifier efficiency.
This document discusses key performance indicators (KPIs) for monitoring base station subsystems in EGPRS networks. It introduces EGPRS technology and defines KPI groups for traffic, availability, accessibility, and quality. Laboratory measurements were conducted to examine which BSS KPIs best reflect network performance and end-user experience by comparing application throughput to KPI values. The results showed that RLC throughput accurately described FTP throughput under different radio conditions. Multiple KPIs should be used to analyze radio link quality as one KPI cannot fully capture end-user experience.
GSA presentation at GTI spectrum workshop at ITU bangkokSitha Sok
The document discusses spectrum requirements and harmonization for 5G networks. It notes that 5G networks will need spectrum both below and above 6 GHz to support a variety of use cases. Spectrum below 6 GHz is needed for coverage, while spectrum above 6 GHz can enable higher data rates but over shorter ranges. The document examines potential frequency bands for early 5G deployment and discusses the need for international harmonization to help develop global economies of scale. It also analyzes technical considerations regarding frequency division duplexing and time division duplexing in millimeter wave bands for 5G.
Content
Brief history about wireless ecosystem.
What is LTE (Long Term Evolution) ?
How is it different from older technologies ?
Network architecture in LTE
Radio Access network (RAN)
Evolved Packet Core (EPC)
Bearers in LTE
Interfaces in LTE
Life Cycle of a UE
LTE RAN overview
Architecture and requirements
Channel bandwidths and operating bands
OFDMA and SC-FDMA
Frequency (LTE-FDD) and time division duplexing (LTE-TDD)
Multiple Antenna techniques in LTE
Channels in LTE and protocol Stack
LTE EPC overview
Architecture
Functions of various elements in EPC
5G Peak Complexity (and how to make it simpler).
Presented by Dan Warren, Head of Network Standards & Research, Samsung at Cambridge Wireless (CW), enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) SIG event on 28 Nov 2019 - https://www.cambridgewireless.co.uk/events/automation-essential-5g/
*** SHARED WITH PERMISSION ***
5G network architecture will include new functional blocks and interfaces defined by 3GPP. There are several options for deploying 5G, including standalone and non-standalone modes. When adding 5G to an existing multi-RAT site, backhaul capacity will need to be increased to at least 10Gbps to support 5G capabilities like massive MIMO and wider channel bandwidths. Migration from EPC to the new 5G core (NGCN) will require interworking between the networks during transition.
Content
Brief history about wireless ecosystem.
What is LTE (Long Term Evolution) ?
How is it different from older technologies ?
Network architecture in LTE
Radio Access network (RAN)
Evolved Packet Core (EPC)
Bearers in LTE
Interfaces in LTE
Life Cycle of a UE
LTE RAN overview
Architecture and requirements
Channel bandwidths and operating bands
OFDMA and SC-FDMA
Frequency (LTE-FDD) and time division duplexing (LTE-TDD)
Multiple Antenna techniques in LTE
Channels in LTE and protocol Stack
LTE EPC overview
Architecture
Functions of various elements in EPC
Microwave technology can provide ultra-low latency network transport that is comparable or faster than fiber under the right conditions. Key factors that influence latency include air latency, angular deviation from the direct line of sight path, regulatory constraints on spectrum availability and power levels, the number of hops, and modem and RF performance. While equipment latency is important, optimizing the overall route design, planning, and use of repeaters is more significant for achieving the lowest end-to-end latency. Emerging technologies such as specialized modems, all-outdoor radio repeaters, increased capacity solutions, and potential beyond-microwave options may further reduce latency in the future.
LTE Backhaul Challenges, Small Cells and the Critical Role of MicrowaveAviat Networks
Aviat Networks's chief technology officer
(CTO), Paul Kennard, offers a presentation to IEEE's Communications Society on the critical role microwave networking will play in the deployment of Small Cell backhaul to service the throughput needs of LTE 4G mobile telecommunications providers.
GPRS, EDGE, 3G and IMS technologies were presented. GPRS provided peak data rates of 115 Kbps using 200 KHz carriers. EDGE improved rates up to 384 Kbps using 8-PSK modulation and higher symbol rates. 3G systems like UMTS provided rates of 2 Mbps using 5 MHz carriers and new spectrum. IMS was also introduced as an important component of 3G networks for supporting multimedia services. The presentation covered network architectures, protocols and key technologies behind these mobile data standards.
An introduction of 3 gpp long term evolution (lte)mojtaba_gh
This document provides an introduction to 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) technology. It discusses the history and basic concepts of LTE, including the use of OFDMA for downlink and SC-FDMA for uplink transmission. It also compares LTE to LTE-Advanced, which supports larger bandwidths up to 100MHz and peak data rates of 1Gbps through techniques like carrier aggregation. The document outlines the evolution of radio access technologies and key aspects of the LTE protocol.
LTE Advanced is an enhancement of the LTE mobile communication standard that aims to improve spectrum efficiency, flexibility, and throughput. Key features of LTE Advanced include support for wider bandwidths up to 100MHz, advanced MIMO technologies with up to 8 antenna ports, improved cell edge performance using Coordinated Multi-Point transmission, and integration of relay nodes to enhance coverage. LTE Advanced is designed to meet the ITU requirements for 4G networks by providing peak data rates of at least 1 Gbps for high mobility communication.
1) 5G shared spectrum technologies pioneered by Qualcomm such as LTE-U, LAA, LWA and MulteFire can unlock unused spectrum and improve spectrum utilization.
2) Qualcomm has contributed significantly to shared spectrum standards like CBRS and is a founder of alliances to develop shared spectrum technologies.
3) 5G New Radio is being designed by Qualcomm to support flexible deployment in shared, licensed, and unlicensed spectrum bands using technologies like LAA and MulteFire.
The document provides an overview of LTE (Long Term Evolution) technology. It discusses that LTE was developed to meet increasing demands for wireless data and information by optimizing wireless communication technology. Key points of LTE include using OFDM and MIMO to improve data transmission capacity and speed over wireless networks. The long-term goal of LTE was to simplify the network architecture and make it IP-based. The document also provides contact information for C&T RF Antennas Inc.
The history of synchronisation in digital cellular networks3G4G
Presented by Prof. Andy Sutton, Principal Network Architect within BT Architecture and Strategy team in the CW (Cambridge Wireless) Heritage SIG (#CWHeritage) event 'Time for Telecoms' on 16 March 2018 at the Science Museum, London.
*** Shared with Permission ***
China Mobile Zhejiang: Evolution to 5G Transport Networks Huawei Network
1) China Mobile Zhejiang is building the world's first commercial 5G transport network and has deployed 30 access nodes so far.
2) They are taking a leading role in completing technical verification for 5G transport network standards at organizations like IEEE, OIF, and IETF.
3) The 5G transport network aims to provide good service experience for all 5G scenarios through live network capabilities while achieving optimal total cost of ownership through reusing existing 4G network resources and simplified network protocols.
LTE Advanced carrier aggregation, it is possible to utilise more than one carrier and in this way increase the overall transmission bandwidth. These channels or carriers may be in contiguous elements of the spectrum, or they may be in different bands.
The document discusses eXplanoTech's technical training services for telecommunications technologies. It offers standard, customized, and bespoke courses. The standard courses cover topics such as LTE, LTE-A, 5G, and other wireless technologies. Customized courses allow clients to modify standard courses. Bespoke courses are entirely tailored to a client's specific needs and requirements.
This presentation will review the 5G market and use case needs and discuss how NG-PON2 is positioned to meet these requirements. Focus will be given to the different interface requirements based on emerging 5G standards and discuss where NG-PON2 will play a role in converged transport.
Presented by Michael Gronovius, Director Business Development, Ericsson
The document discusses 5G radio access network (RAN) fundamentals and architectures. It describes how the RAN has evolved from previous generations with more distributed and virtualized architectures in 5G. Key aspects of 5G RAN covered include centralized/virtualized RAN, Open RAN specifications, functional splits, and new concepts like network slicing and multi-access edge computing. Example use cases are also mentioned.
This document provides an overview of Long Term Evolution (LTE) wireless communication technology. It explains that LTE is an evolution of previous GSM/UMTS standards aimed at increasing wireless data network capacity and speed. Key points are:
- LTE uses OFDMA for downlink and SC-FDMA for uplink transmission. It supports flexible bandwidths from 1.4 to 20 MHz.
- LTE has a simplified IP-based network architecture compared to 3G, with reduced latency.
- LTE-Advanced further improves LTE, integrating networks and meeting 4G requirements. It allows for higher data speeds compared to WiMAX and previous LTE.
This white paper discusses opportunities for improving the energy efficiency of 5G networks. It outlines how 5G networks can achieve a massive capacity boost while keeping energy consumption flat through various techniques, such as:
1) Implementing base station sleep modes to reduce energy consumption during low traffic periods.
2) Improving small cell energy efficiency through lower transmission power and switching off unused small cells.
3) Achieving network-level energy efficiency gains through solutions like sleep modes and improved power amplifier efficiency.
This document discusses key performance indicators (KPIs) for monitoring base station subsystems in EGPRS networks. It introduces EGPRS technology and defines KPI groups for traffic, availability, accessibility, and quality. Laboratory measurements were conducted to examine which BSS KPIs best reflect network performance and end-user experience by comparing application throughput to KPI values. The results showed that RLC throughput accurately described FTP throughput under different radio conditions. Multiple KPIs should be used to analyze radio link quality as one KPI cannot fully capture end-user experience.
GSA presentation at GTI spectrum workshop at ITU bangkokSitha Sok
The document discusses spectrum requirements and harmonization for 5G networks. It notes that 5G networks will need spectrum both below and above 6 GHz to support a variety of use cases. Spectrum below 6 GHz is needed for coverage, while spectrum above 6 GHz can enable higher data rates but over shorter ranges. The document examines potential frequency bands for early 5G deployment and discusses the need for international harmonization to help develop global economies of scale. It also analyzes technical considerations regarding frequency division duplexing and time division duplexing in millimeter wave bands for 5G.
Content
Brief history about wireless ecosystem.
What is LTE (Long Term Evolution) ?
How is it different from older technologies ?
Network architecture in LTE
Radio Access network (RAN)
Evolved Packet Core (EPC)
Bearers in LTE
Interfaces in LTE
Life Cycle of a UE
LTE RAN overview
Architecture and requirements
Channel bandwidths and operating bands
OFDMA and SC-FDMA
Frequency (LTE-FDD) and time division duplexing (LTE-TDD)
Multiple Antenna techniques in LTE
Channels in LTE and protocol Stack
LTE EPC overview
Architecture
Functions of various elements in EPC
5G Peak Complexity (and how to make it simpler).
Presented by Dan Warren, Head of Network Standards & Research, Samsung at Cambridge Wireless (CW), enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) SIG event on 28 Nov 2019 - https://www.cambridgewireless.co.uk/events/automation-essential-5g/
*** SHARED WITH PERMISSION ***
5G network architecture will include new functional blocks and interfaces defined by 3GPP. There are several options for deploying 5G, including standalone and non-standalone modes. When adding 5G to an existing multi-RAT site, backhaul capacity will need to be increased to at least 10Gbps to support 5G capabilities like massive MIMO and wider channel bandwidths. Migration from EPC to the new 5G core (NGCN) will require interworking between the networks during transition.
Content
Brief history about wireless ecosystem.
What is LTE (Long Term Evolution) ?
How is it different from older technologies ?
Network architecture in LTE
Radio Access network (RAN)
Evolved Packet Core (EPC)
Bearers in LTE
Interfaces in LTE
Life Cycle of a UE
LTE RAN overview
Architecture and requirements
Channel bandwidths and operating bands
OFDMA and SC-FDMA
Frequency (LTE-FDD) and time division duplexing (LTE-TDD)
Multiple Antenna techniques in LTE
Channels in LTE and protocol Stack
LTE EPC overview
Architecture
Functions of various elements in EPC
Microwave technology can provide ultra-low latency network transport that is comparable or faster than fiber under the right conditions. Key factors that influence latency include air latency, angular deviation from the direct line of sight path, regulatory constraints on spectrum availability and power levels, the number of hops, and modem and RF performance. While equipment latency is important, optimizing the overall route design, planning, and use of repeaters is more significant for achieving the lowest end-to-end latency. Emerging technologies such as specialized modems, all-outdoor radio repeaters, increased capacity solutions, and potential beyond-microwave options may further reduce latency in the future.
LTE Backhaul Challenges, Small Cells and the Critical Role of MicrowaveAviat Networks
Aviat Networks's chief technology officer
(CTO), Paul Kennard, offers a presentation to IEEE's Communications Society on the critical role microwave networking will play in the deployment of Small Cell backhaul to service the throughput needs of LTE 4G mobile telecommunications providers.
GPRS, EDGE, 3G and IMS technologies were presented. GPRS provided peak data rates of 115 Kbps using 200 KHz carriers. EDGE improved rates up to 384 Kbps using 8-PSK modulation and higher symbol rates. 3G systems like UMTS provided rates of 2 Mbps using 5 MHz carriers and new spectrum. IMS was also introduced as an important component of 3G networks for supporting multimedia services. The presentation covered network architectures, protocols and key technologies behind these mobile data standards.
An introduction of 3 gpp long term evolution (lte)mojtaba_gh
This document provides an introduction to 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) technology. It discusses the history and basic concepts of LTE, including the use of OFDMA for downlink and SC-FDMA for uplink transmission. It also compares LTE to LTE-Advanced, which supports larger bandwidths up to 100MHz and peak data rates of 1Gbps through techniques like carrier aggregation. The document outlines the evolution of radio access technologies and key aspects of the LTE protocol.
LTE Advanced is an enhancement of the LTE mobile communication standard that aims to improve spectrum efficiency, flexibility, and throughput. Key features of LTE Advanced include support for wider bandwidths up to 100MHz, advanced MIMO technologies with up to 8 antenna ports, improved cell edge performance using Coordinated Multi-Point transmission, and integration of relay nodes to enhance coverage. LTE Advanced is designed to meet the ITU requirements for 4G networks by providing peak data rates of at least 1 Gbps for high mobility communication.
The document provides a summary of the history and evolution of internet and wireless broadband technology. It discusses the early concepts of computer networking starting in the 1960s, the development of ARPANET in the late 1960s, and the introduction of TCP/IP in the early 1970s which led to the modern internet. It then covers the emergence of dial-up internet access in the late 1970s and 1980s, and the evolution of cellular network technologies from 1G to 4G. Finally, it provides an overview of LTE and LTE-Advanced wireless broadband technologies and their capabilities.
LTE-Advanced aims to meet and exceed the requirements for IMT-Advanced, or 4G, standards by 2020 by evolving beyond the 3GPP LTE Release 8 specification. Key technologies for LTE-Advanced include carrier aggregation to support bandwidths up to 100 MHz, advanced antenna techniques like 8x8 MIMO to increase peak data rates, and heterogeneous networks using small cells to improve coverage and capacity. Coordinated multipoint transmission and reception and relays are also specified to enhance macro network performance and enable efficient small cell deployments.
LTE-Advanced Enhancements and Future Radio Access Toward 2020Praveen Kumar
1) The document discusses enhancements to LTE and future radio access technologies being studied by NTT DOCOMO for release 12 and beyond.
2) Key areas of study include small cell enhancements, 3D and full dimension MIMO, interference cancellation techniques, device-to-device communications, and dynamic TDD.
3) Looking further to 2020 and beyond, requirements for future radio access include supporting 1000x capacity increases, low latency applications, and connectivity for billions of devices. Evolution paths may include further LTE enhancements as well as new radio access technologies utilizing new spectrum allocations.
The document discusses LTE-Advanced conformance and standards. It provides an overview of the LTE conformance ecosystem including 3GPP specifications, validation of test platforms and cases, and certification by bodies like GCF and PTCRB. It then gives a status update on LTE-Advanced, describing features like carrier aggregation and their role in achieving IMT-Advanced requirements. Key aspects covered are 3GPP status, certification, and the use of carrier aggregation to deliver higher data rates up to 3 Gbps.
3 G Americas Rysavy Research Hspa Lte Advanced Sept2009Going LTE
This document provides an overview of wireless broadband developments, including a discussion of 3G and 4G technologies such as HSPA, LTE, and WiMAX. It compares the throughput, latency, and spectral efficiency of these technologies. The document also reviews the evolution of wireless technologies from 1G to 4G, including enhancements to HSPA, LTE, and evolved EDGE. It examines 3GPP developments like IMS and the EPC that facilitate new services and integration with fixed networks.
Radisys & Airspan - Small Cells and LTE-A Webinar PresentationRadisys Corporation
Radisys' Renuka Bhalerao and Paul Senior of Airspan presented: Small Cells & LTE Advanced - The Hype of 3Cs: Capacity, Coverage and Customer Satisfaction on June 11, 2013. View/Read their materials how mobile operators can make their networks more efficient, increase capacity and coverage by deploying LTE-A and strategically placed small cells.
Qualcomm is elevating its role as a market leader by bringing breakthrough concepts to LTE’s evolution. We believe that the next significant performance leap will come from heterogeneous networks, or HetNets, which bring the network closer to the user through low-power nodes such as pico and femto-cells. LTE Advanced uses adaptive interference management techniques to further improve the capacity and coverage of these HetNets. There by, ensuring fairness among users and an enhanced mobile experience, especially for those users at the cell edge. LTE Advanced also introduces multicarrier to leverage ultra wide bandwidths up to 100 MHz, supporting very high data rates.
1) Qualcomm is leading the development of 5G mobile technology through advancements in LTE, including LTE Advanced Pro.
2) LTE Advanced Pro enhances LTE capabilities through features like carrier aggregation across wider bandwidths, use of licensed and unlicensed spectrum, advanced antenna techniques, and lower latency.
3) These enhancements help deliver gigabit speeds, increase network capacity and efficiency, enable new IoT use cases, and progress LTE capabilities towards 5G standards.
This document provides a tutorial on carrier aggregation (CA) in 4G LTE Advanced networks. It explains that CA allows multiple LTE carriers to be aggregated to provide higher data rates required for LTE Advanced by effectively increasing transmission bandwidth. There are different types of CA including intra-band using adjacent or non-adjacent carriers within a band, and inter-band using different frequency bands. CA supports bandwidths up to 100MHz and is defined for various bandwidth classes.
Carrier aggregation allows LTE networks to aggregate multiple component carriers to increase bandwidth and peak data rates. It is a key technology in LTE-Advanced. Three carrier aggregation was standardized in Release 10 and improvements were made in Releases 11 and 12. Implementing carrier aggregation poses design challenges for user equipment due to requirements for complex transceiver architectures capable of simultaneously transmitting and receiving on multiple frequency bands, which can cause issues like intermodulation distortion. It also impacts higher layers with changes to RRC signaling and the addition of cross-carrier scheduling capabilities. Thorough testing is needed to validate performance under realistic radio frequency impairment conditions.
The document provides an overview of LTE Advanced and LTE-Advanced Pro mobile network technologies. It discusses the brief history of LTE and its evolution through 3GPP releases. Key aspects covered include the network architecture in LTE consisting of the radio access network and evolved packet core. LTE Advanced introduced new features like carrier aggregation and coordinated multi-point to meet the requirements for higher peak data rates and capacity. LTE-Advanced Pro supports further enhancements including advanced carrier aggregation and License Assisted Access.
Lte continuing the evolution of mobile broadband networksRafael Junquera
The document discusses the evolution of LTE technology and mobile broadband networks. It notes that LTE subscriptions are growing strongly and will continue to do so, with over 9 billion mobile subscriptions expected by 2018. LTE provides significantly higher speeds and network capacity compared to prior technologies. The technology enables flexibility in spectrum usage and improved support for mobile data traffic, which is forecasted to increase twelve-fold by 2018. Carrier aggregation and other LTE Advanced features continue to enhance network performance to meet rising demand.
This document provides an overview of LTE (Long Term Evolution) including its evolution from previous 3GPP standards like UMTS, key drivers and requirements for LTE, LTE technology basics, frequency bands, and features introduced in subsequent releases up to Release 11. It discusses technologies like OFDMA, SC-FDMA and the LTE network protocol. It also outlines the spectrum used for LTE FDD and TDD modes.
01 FO_BT1101_C01_1 LTE FDD Principles and Key Technologies.pptxSudheeraIndrajith
The document provides an overview of LTE principles and key technologies. It outlines objectives to understand the LTE network architecture, protocols, frame structure, and key technologies. It then covers topics including LTE network elements and interfaces, protocol structure, frame formats, and resource allocation. The goal is for readers to gain a thorough understanding of LTE fundamentals.
Carrier Aggregation in LTE Releases3rd Generation Partnership Proj.docxannandleola
Carrier Aggregation in LTE Releases
3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)
The 3GPP unites seven telecommunications standard development organizations (ARIB, ATIS, CCSA, ETSI, TSDSI, TTA, TTC), which is an umbrella for these standards organizations, that develop protocols for mobile telecommunication. The 3GPP organizes its work into three different streams: Radio Access Networks, Services and Systems Aspects, and Core Network and Terminals, which provide a complete system description for mobile telecommunications. It was established in December 1998 with the goal of developing a specification for a 3G mobile phone system based on the 2G GSM system, within the scope of the International Telecommunication Union's.LTE and LTE-A
The Long-Term Evolution (LTE) is an emerging technology, which is standardized by the 3GPP and evolving to meet the International Mobile Telecommunication Advanced (IMT-Advanced) requirements named as LTE-Advanced. The main goal of LTE is to provide a high data rate, low latency and packet optimized radio access technology supporting flexible bandwidth deployments. The network architecture of LTE has been designed with the goal to support packet-switched traffic with seamless mobility and great quality of service.
LTE is a standard for wireless broadband communication for mobile devices and data terminals. LTE is based on the GSM/EDGE and UMTS/HSPA technologies. LTE increases the capacity and speed of wireless mobile communication by using a different radio interface and other core network improvements. LTE uses different frequencies and bands in different countries. LTE is commonly marketed as 4G LTE & Advance 4G. LTE is also commonly known as 3.95G. LTE-Advanced or LTE-A is a major enhancement of the LTE standard. LTE-A uses several techniques and technologies (hardware and software) to meet higher network-performance standards. The technique of this standard which we are using in our work is following.
· Increased peak data rate for DL/UL
· Improved performance at cell edges.
· Carrier Aggregation (CA), the enhanced use of multi-antenna techniques.
· Support for Relay Nodes, LTE Femtocell and macro cell.
Based on the requirements and observations, the 3GPP has identified carrier aggregation (CA) as major feature for achieving improved data rate. It is a worth noting that BW aggregation basic concept has been used in 3G. Similarly, there are options in High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) evaluation to aggregate up to four carriers for downlinks, up to two carriers for uplink and have consider both the carriers contiguous. In release 8/9 of 3GPP LTE different carrier BW of 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz being used that provide support for several deployment plus spectrum plans. Succeeding the desires of 100 MHz BW of system, Release 10 of 3GPP LTE has presented CA one of the foremost important structure of LTE-Advanced to balance the bandwidth a far 20 MHz. CA Release 10 described up to 100 MHz system bandwidth can.
The document provides an overview of WCDMA RAN (Radio Access Network). It describes the development of 3G networks and the core technology of CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access). It outlines the WCDMA network architecture and protocol structure, including interfaces between nodes. It also characterizes the processing procedures in WCDMA systems such as source coding, channel coding, interleaving, spreading, and modulation.
This document provides an overview of LTE, LTE-A, and 4G mobile technologies. It explains that while LTE is often marketed as 4G, it does not fully meet the technical specifications for 4G set by the ITU. LTE-Advanced was developed to meet these specifications by achieving peak data rates of 1 Gbps download and 500 Mbps upload through the use of carrier aggregation and other enhancements to LTE. The document outlines some of the key technologies that enable LTE-Advanced, such as carrier aggregation, relays, and coordinated multipoint, and how they help LTE-Advanced achieve the goals of 4G networks including higher speeds, lower latency, and better coverage.
The document compares WiMAX and LTE TDD standards and networks. It discusses their technical differences such as standard, network structure, duplex mode, radio frame structure, access technology, and mobility. It also compares their core network configurations and provides examples of how services like VoIP and VPNs can be supported on WiMAX and LTE TDD networks. The document aims to explain the evolution from WiMAX to LTE TDD networks and some of the impacts this transition would have on terminals, network operations and maintenance, and charging.
This third webinar discusses the fundamentals of LTE Carriers and how LTE mobiles communicate with the network including what factors affect performance.
LTE Release 13 and SMARTER – Road Towards 5GYi-Hsueh Tsai
3GPP Overview
TSG Plenary Status
RAN workshop on 5G
SA1 5G SMARTER
Radio Interface Technology definition
Time Delay analysis
Four New Building Block Study Items for 5G
Enhanced Mobile Broadband
Massive Internet of Things
Critical Machine Communications (ultra-reliable and low latency)
Network operation (including Migration and Interworking)
Capabilities of Future IMT systems
Conclusions
This document provides an overview of global trends in mobile data usage and LTE technology. It discusses how mobile data is overtaking fixed broadband growth. It also summarizes that LTE aims to provide improved mobile broadband through increased spectral efficiency and simplified network design. Key LTE technologies include OFDMA for downlinks and SC-FDMA for uplinks, as well as support for flexible bandwidths up to 20 MHz. The document compares LTE to 3G technologies and outlines the evolving 3GPP system architecture. Potential LTE applications and current deployment status globally are also summarized.
Oea000000 lte principle fundamental issue 1.01Ndukwe Amandi
This document provides an overview of LTE systems and technologies. It describes LTE's development through 3GPP releases, its network architecture as an all-IP flat network, and its key air interface technologies including OFDMA, SC-FDMA, MIMO, and adaptive modulation and coding. The document also outlines LTE's protocol stacks, channels, and deployment considerations for a smooth evolution from 2G/3G networks to 4G LTE.
This document provides an overview of LTE and LTE Advanced mobile communication standards. It discusses the evolution of cellular networks and the working group structure of 3GPP. Tables summarize key performance requirements and throughput capabilities for LTE Release 8 and LTE Advanced. Requirements for LTE network architecture and the capabilities introduced in 3GPP Releases 8, 9, and 10 are also outlined.
This document is a student guide for a Qualcomm training course on Long Term Evolution (LTE/FDD) Fundamentals. It provides an outline of the course, which covers the evolution of 3GPP networks, the key aspects and performance targets of LTE, the LTE network architecture including E-UTRAN and EPC, and the protocol layers of E-UTRAN. It also defines various 3GPP terminology and lists many common LTE acronyms.
LTE is a 4G wireless technology developed by 3GPP to provide high-speed data and media transport, as well as high-capacity voice support into the next decade. It combines OFDM and MIMO to significantly increase peak data rates while improving spectral efficiency and lowering costs. LTE aims to meet carrier needs through flexible scalable bandwidth, support for FDD and TDD spectrum, and simplified network architecture. It is designed to evolve GSM, WCDMA and CDMA networks towards an all-IP packet-switched system.
2. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 2
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr
- Qualcomm DIME Project in S.Korea - LTE MSM Chipset TEST Project
• Qualcomm Korea Chipset Field TEST Project with Qualcomm SD
- SnapDragon 805 (Fusion + MDM9X35) 2DL CA (20Mhz+10Mhz), eMBMS
- SnapDragon 800 MSM8974/AB/C LA 3.0 Dime LTE Legacy,CA, VoLTE Performance Test
- Maverick(Apple) MAV-8/9/10 Device MSM9X15/9x25 VoLTE & CA LTE-Release 10 LTE-A Carrier
Aggregation Test
• MSM8974 LA 1.0 ~ 3.0 Dime Field Test –Qualcomm MST/IOT Supporting
• MAV MDM9x15/9x25 MAV LE 4.7 IMS/CA Test
• LTE-Release 10 Carrier Aggregation Test : LGU/SKT/KT
• RLF & FFA issue Analysis and reporting
- Ericsson TDD LTE L12A/B – Optimization & Performance Management - Saudi Telecom Company Saudi Arabia
• STC MS (Managed service) Team - Jeddah MS Team (Western Section)
• Performs LTE TDD L12A/B RAN Features Testing and Verification.
• Baseline Parameter Tuning & S/W Package Feature consultant
• Performance Monitoring – OSS-RC, AMOS, BO
- Area : Jedah, Saudi Arabia
- Ericsson FDD LTE L11A/B 12A LTE Network Engineering(Golden Cluster Optimization) of LG Uplus in Korea
• Up/Down Link Capacity Test(FDD), Quality Measurements & Analysis
• Ericsson FDD 11A, 11B and 12A Field Test
• RBS 6601 6Sector Performance Field Test and RF Initial Tuning
• Customer Technical Supporting : Tiger Team for South Seoul region
- Area : Seoul, Gwanghamun, Sangam, Gyeonggi-do, Osan Trial Sites
3. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 3
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr
• SGW Serving Gateway
• PGW PDN Gateway
• eNB Evolved NodeB
• EPC Evolved Packet Core
• EPS Evolved Packet System
• E-UTRAN Evolved UTRAN
• LTE Long Term Evolution (of UTRAN)
• MME Mobility Management Entity
• OFDMA Ortogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
• SC-FDMA Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access
• SAE System Architecture Evolution
• UE User Equipment
• MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output
• EARFCN E-UTRA Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number
• FDD Frequency Division Duplex
• TDD Time Division Duplex
• CW Code Word
• HeNB Home eNB
• RB Resource Block
• RE Resource Element
• TBS Transport Block Size
• CSFB Circuit Switched Fallback
• SRVCC Sigle Radio Voice Call Continuity
• SV-LTE Simultaneous voice LTE
• LTE-A LTE Advanced
• CA Carrier Aggregation
• COMP Coordinated Multi Point operation
4. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 4
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr
출처 SKT 기술원 LTE Rel-11 LTE Advanced (focusing on Carrier Aggregation)
5. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 5
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr
In LTE-Advanced focus is on higher capacity : The driving force to further develop LTE towards LTE–Advanced - LTE Release10 was to provide
higher bitrates in a cost efficient way and, at the same time, completely fulfil the requirements set by ITU for IMT Advanced, also referred to
as 4G.
Increased peak data rate, DL 3 Gbps, UL 1.5 Gbps
Higher spectral efficiency, from a maximum of 16bps/Hz in R8 to 30 bps/Hz in R10
Increased number of simultaneously active subscribers
Improved performance at cell edges, e.g. for DL 2x2 MIMO at least 2.40 bps/Hz/cell.
The main new functionalities introduced in LTE-Advanced are Carrier Aggregation (CA), enhanced use of multi-antenna techniques and
support for Relay Nodes (RN).
출처 www.3gpp.org
6. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 6
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr
http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/archive/36_series/
http://www.3gpp.org/specification-numbering
http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Information/WORK_PLAN/Description_Releases/
http://www.gsma.com/newsroom/technical-documents/technical-documents/
7. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 7
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr
Carrier Aggregation MIMO
Relay Nodes Coordinated Multi Point operation
출처 www.3gpp.org
8. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 8
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr
Carrier aggregation is used in LTE-Advanced in order to increase the bandwidth, and thereby increase the bitrate. Since it is
important to keep backward compatibility with R8 and R9 UEs the aggregation is based on R8/R9 carriers.
Carrier aggregation can be used for both FDD and TDD.
출처 www.3gpp.org
9. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 9
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr출처 www.3gpp.org
10. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 10
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr
출처 http://www.netmanias.com
11. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 11
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr출처 www.3gpp.org
Each aggregated carrier is referred to as a component carrier, CC. The component carrier can have a bandwidth of 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15 or 20 MHz
and a maximum of five component carriers can be aggregated, hence the maximum aggregated bandwidth is 100 MHz. In FDD the number of
aggregated carriers can be different in DL and UL, see figure 1. However, the number of UL component carriers is always equal to or lower than
the number of DL component carriers. The individual component carriers can also be of different bandwidths. For TDD the number of CCs as
well as the bandwidths of each CC will normally be the same for DL and UL.
The easiest way to arrange aggregation would be to use contiguous component carriers within the same operating frequency band (as defined
for LTE), so called intra-band contiguous. This might not always be possible, due to operator frequency allocation scenarios. For non-contiguous
allocation it could either be intra-band, i.e. the component carriers belong to the same operating frequency band, but have a gap, or gaps, in
between, or it could be inter-band, in which case the component carriers belong to different operating frequency bands
12. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 12
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr
Aggregated Transmission Bandwidth Configuration (ATBC): total number of aggregated physical resource blocks (PRB).
CA bandwidth class: indicates a combination of maximum ATBC and maximum number of CCs. In R10 and R11 three classes are
defined:
Class A: ATBC ≤ 100, maximum number of CC = 1
Class B: ATBC ≤ 100, maximum number of CC = 2
Class C: 100 < ATBC ≤ 200, maximum number of CC = 2
출처 http://www.rohde-schwarz.co.kr/
13. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 13
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr
Type of CA and
duplex type
CA configuration
Maximum aggregated band
width (MHz)
Max number of CC
Intra-band contiguous
FDD
CA_1C 40 2
Intra-band contiguous
TDD
CA_40C 40 2
Inter-band
FDD
CA_1A_5A 20 1 + 1
출처 www.3gpp.org
14. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 14
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr
출처 www.3gpp.org
510030 LTE Carrier Aggregation Enhancements R1,R2,R3,R4,R5 Nokia
570006 UE Conformance Test Aspects R5 Nokia
Rel-11 inter-band Carrier Aggregation
480023 LTE Advanced Carrier Aggregation of Band 3 and Band 7 R4 TeliaSonera
500017 LTE Advanced Carrier Aggregation of Band 4 and Band 17 R4 AT&T
500018 LTE Advanced Carrier Aggregation of Band 4 and Band 13 R4 Ericsson
510022 LTE Advanced Carrier Aggregation of Band 4 and Band 12 R4,R2 Leap Wireless
510023 LTE Advanced Carrier Aggregation of Band 5 and Band 12 R4,R2 US Cellular
510024 LTE Advanced Carrier Aggregation of Band 7 and Band 20 R4 Huawei
510025 LTE Advanced Carrier Aggregation of Band 2 and Band 17 R4 AT&T
510026 LTE Advanced Carrier Aggregation of Band 4 and Band 5 R4 AT&T
510027 LTE Advanced Carrier Aggregation of Band 5 and Band 17 R4 AT&T
530023 LTE Advanced Carrier Aggregation of Band 3 and Band 20 R4 Vodafone
530024 LTE Advanced Carrier Aggregation of Band 8 and Band 20 R4 Vodafone
530026 LTE Advanced Carrier Aggregation of Band 3 and Band 5 R4 SK Telecom
530027 LTE Advanced Carrier Aggregation of Band 4 and Band 7 R4 Rogers Wireless
540020 LTE Advanced Carrier Aggregation of Band 11 and Band 18 R4,R2 KDDI
540021 LTE Advanced Carrier Aggregation of Band 1 and Band 18 R4,R2 KDDI
540022 LTE Advanced Carrier Aggregation of Band 1 and Band 19 R4,R2 NTT DoCoMo
540023 LTE Advanced Carrier Aggregation of Band 1 and Band 21 R4,R2 NTT DoCoMo
550018 LTE Advanced Carrier Aggregation of Band 3 and Band 8 R4 KT
Rel-11 intra-band Carrier Aggregation
520015 LTE Advanced Carrier Aggregation in Band 38 R4 Huawei
520016 LTE Advanced Carrier Aggregation in Band 41 R4 Clearwire
530028 LTE Advanced Carrier Aggregation in Band 7 R4 China Unicom
15. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 15
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr
Type of CA and
duplex type
CA configuration Maximum aggregated bandwidth (MHz) Max number of CC
Inter-band
FDD
CA_1A_5A 20 1 + 1
CA_3A_5A 30 1 + 1
CA_3A_7A 40 1 + 1
CA_3A_8A 30 1 + 1
CA_5A_12A 20 1 + 1
CA_5A_17A 20 1 + 1
출처 www.3gpp.org
In R11 a large number of additional CA configurations are defined, see table 2. The maximum aggregated bandwidth
is still 40 MHz and maximum number of CC is 2. Note also that for both R10 and R11 any UL CC will have the same
bandwidth as the corresponding DL CC. Also for inter-band CA there will only be ONE UL CC, i.e. no UL CA.
16. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 16
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr
출처 www.3gpp.org
530025 LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 1 and Band 7 Ericsson Inter-band 2DL
530029 LTE Advanced intra-band non-contiguous Carrier Aggregation in Band 25 Sprint Intra-band NC
550010 Deleted - LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 3 and Band 5
with 2UL
SK Telecom Inter-band 2UL
550011 LTE Advanced intra-band non-contiguous Carrier Aggregation in Band 3 SK Telecom Intra-band NC
560015 Deleted - LTE Advanced intra-band contiguous Carrier Aggregation in Band 1 KDDI Intra-band C
560016 LTE Advanced intra-band non-contiguous Carrier Aggregation in Band 4 T-Mobile USA Intra-band NC
560017 LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 2 and Band 4 T-Mobile USA Inter-band 1 UL
570012 LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 23 and Band 29 DISH Network Inter-band 1 UL
570013 LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 3 and Band 26 KT Inter-band 1 UL
570014 LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 3 and Band 19 NTT DOCOMO Inter-band 1 UL
570015 Deleted - LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 38 and Band 39 China Mobile Inter-band 1 UL
570016 LTE Advanced intra-band contiguous Carrier Aggregation in Band 3 China Unicom Intra-band C
CA
570018 LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 1 and Band 8 Softbank Mobile Inter-band 1 UL
570026 LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 3 and Band 28 eAccess Inter-band 1 UL
580032 LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 1 and Band 26 KDDI Inter-band
1UL/2DL
580033 LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 39 and Band 41 China Mobile Inter-band 2DL
580034 LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 2 and Band 12 US Cellular Inter-band 2DL
580035 LTE Advanced intra-band non-contiguous Carrier Aggregation in Band 7 Ericsson Intra-band NC
580036 LTE Advanced intra-band contiguous Carrier Aggregation in Band 27 NII Holdings Intra-band C
2DL/1UL
590022 LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 2 and Band 13 Ericsson Inter-band 1 UL
590024 LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 19 and Band 21 NTT DOCOMO Inter-band 1 UL
590025 Deleted - LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 8 and Band 26 KT Inter-band 1 UL
590029 LTE Advanced dual uplink inter-band Carrier Aggregation Class A1 Huawei Inter-band 2UL
590028 LTE Advanced dual uplink inter-band Carrier Aggregation Class A2 Qualcomm Inter-band 2UL
590023 LTE Advanced dual uplink inter-band Carrier Aggregation Class A3 Ericsson Inter-band 2UL
590031 LTE Advanced dual uplink inter-band Carrier Aggregation Class A4 Nokia Inter-band 2UL
590026 LTE Advanced dual uplink inter-band Carrier Aggregation Class A5 Renesas Inter-band 2UL
590027 LTE Advanced intra-band contiguous Carrier Aggregation in Band 39 China Mobile Intra-band C
2DL/2UL
600022 LTE Advanced intra-band non-contiguous Carrier Aggregation: framework
requirements for 2UL
Nokia Intra-band NC
2UL
600023 Deleted - LTE Advanced intra-band non-contiguous Carrier Aggregation in Band
41 for 2UL
Sprint Intra-band NC
2UL
600024 LTE Advanced intra-band non-contiguous Carrier Aggregation in Band 4 for
2UL
T-Mobile USA Intra-band NC
2UL
600025 LTE Advanced intra-band contiguous Carrier Aggregation in Band 23 Dish Network Intra-band C
600026 LTE Advanced intra-band non-contiguous Carrier Aggregation in Band 23 Dish Network Intra-band NC
2DL
600028 LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 12 and Band 25 US Cellular Inter-band
1UL/2DL
600029 LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 1 and Band 18 -
Additional bandwidth combination set
KDDI Inter-band
1UL/2DL
600030 LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 2 and Band 5 AT&T Inter-band 2DL
600031 LTE Advanced 3 Band Carrier Aggregation 3DL of Band 2, Band 5 and Band 30 AT&T Inter-band 3DL
600032 Deleted - LTE Advanced 3 Band Carrier Aggregation 3DL of Band 2, Band 17
and Band 30
AT&T Inter-band 3DL
600033 LTE Advanced 3 Band Carrier Aggregation 3DL of Band 2, Band 29 and Band 30 AT&T Inter-band 3DL
600034 LTE Advanced 3 Band Carrier Aggregation 3DL of Band 4, Band 5 and Band 30 AT&T Inter-band 3DL
600035 Deleted - LTE Advanced 3 Band Carrier Aggregation 3DL of Band 4, Band 17
and Band 30
AT&T Inter-band 3DL
600036 LTE Advanced 3 Band Carrier Aggregation 3DL of Band 4, Band 29 and Band 30 AT&T Inter-band 3DL
600037 LTE Advanced 3 Band Carrier Aggregation 3DL of Band 2, Band 4 and Band 13 Verizon Inter-band 3DL
600038 LTE Advanced 3 Band Carrier Aggregation 3DL of Band 2, Band 2 and Band 13 Verizon Inter-band 3DL
600039 LTE Advanced 3 Band Carrier Aggregation 3DL of Band 4, Band 4 and Band 13 Verizon Inter-band 3DL
610017 LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 7 and Band 28 Huawei Inter-band
1UL/2DL
610018 LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 5 and Band 25 U.S. Cellular Inter-band
1UL/2DL
610019 LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 1 and Band 11 SoftBank Mobile Inter-band 2DL
610020 LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 8 and Band 11 SoftBank Mobile Inter-band 2DL
610021 LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 5 and Band 7 LG Uplus Inter-band
1UL/2DL
610022 LTE Advanced intra-band contiguous Carrier Aggregation in Band 41 for 3DL Alcatel-Lucent Intra-band C
3DL
610023 LTE Advanced intra-band non-contiguous Carrier Aggregation in Band 2 Ericsson Intra-band NC
2DL
620018 LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 1 and Band 3 China Unicom Inter-band 2DL
620019 LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 1 and Band 28 KDDI Inter-band 2DL
620020 LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 2 and Band 4 - Additional
bandwidth combination set
T-Mobile USA Inter-band 2DL
17. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 17
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr
출처 www.3gpp.org
550010 Deleted - LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 3 and Band 5 with 2UL SK Telecom Inter-band 2UL
550011 LTE Advanced intra-band non-contiguous Carrier Aggregation in Band 3 SK Telecom Intra-band NC
570013 LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 3 and Band 26 KT Inter-band 1 UL
590025 Deleted - LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 8 and Band 26 KT Inter-band 1 UL
610021 LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 5 and Band 7 LG Uplus Inter-band 1UL/2DL
620022 LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 3 and Band 27 KT Inter-band 2DL
620023 LTE Advanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 8 and Band 27 KT Inter-band 2DL
620024 LTE Advanced 3 Band Carrier Aggregation 3DL for Band 1, Band 3 and Band 8 KT Inter-band 3DL
620025 LTE Advanced 3 Band Carrier Aggregation 3DL for Band 1, Band 5 and Band 7 LG Uplus Inter-band 3DL
620032 LTE Advanced 3 band Carrier Aggregation 3DL for Band 3, Band 8 and Band 27 KT Inter-band 3DL
620050 LTE Advanced 3 Band Carrier Aggregation3DL for Band 1, Band 3 and Band 5 SK Telecom Inter-band 3DL
18. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 18
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr
출처 www.3gpp.org
ID Unique_IDName Acronym Outline_LevelReleaseResource_NamesStart_Date Finish_Date Percent_CompleteHyperlink Status_ReportWI_rapporteur_name WI_rapporteur_e_mail Notes
1299 530026 LTEAdvanced Carrier Aggregation of Band 3 and Band 5 LTE_CA_B3_B5 3 Rel-11 R4 19-09-2011 07-09-2012 100% RP-120899 - SK Telecom Haesung Park Stage 3. RP
1300 530126 Core part: LTEAdvanced Carrier Aggregation of Band 3 and Band 5 LTE_CA_B3_B5-Core 4 Rel-11 R4 19-09-2011 07-09-2012 100% RP-120899 RP-121042 SK Telecom Haesung Park RP#57 com
1301 530226 Perf. part: LTEAdvanced Carrier Aggregation of Band 3 and Band 5 LTE_CA_B3_B5-Perf 4 Rel-11 R4 21-09-2011 07-09-2012 100% RP-120899 RP-121043 SK Telecom Haesung Park RP#57 com
1317 550018 LTEAdvanced Carrier Aggregation of Band 3 and Band 8 LTE_CA_B3_B8 3 Rel-11 R4 05-03-2012 07-12-2012 100% RP-121162 - KT Chungw oo HWANG (cw hw ang@kt.com) Stage 3. RP
1318 550118 Core part: LTEAdvanced Carrier Aggregation of Band 3 and Band 8 LTE_CA_B3_B8-Core 4 Rel-11 R4 05-03-2012 07-12-2012 100% RP-121162 RP-121586 KT Chungw oo HWANG (cw hw ang@kt.com) RP#58 com
1319 550218 Perf. part: LTEAdvanced Carrier Aggregation of Band 3 and Band 8 LTE_CA_B3_B8-Perf 4 Rel-11 R4 06-03-2012 07-12-2012 100% RP-121162 RP-121587 KT Chungw oo HWANG (cw hw ang@kt.com) RP#58 com
489 550010 Deleted - LTEAdvanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 3 and Band 5 with 2UL LTE_CA_B3_B5_2UL 2 Rel-12 R4 05-03-2012 01-03-2013 100% RP-120867 - SK Telecom Seungpyo Hong RP#59 stop
490 550110 Deleted - Core part: LTEAdvanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 3 and Band 5 w ith 2UL LTE_CA_B3_B5_2UL-Core 3 Rel-12 R4 05-03-2012 01-03-2013 100% RP-120867 RP-130098 SK Telecom Seungpyo Hong RP#59 stop
491 550210 Deleted - Perf. part: LTEAdvanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 3 and Band 5 w ith 2UL LTE_CA_B3_B5_2UL-Perf 3 Rel-12 R4 12-03-2012 01-03-2013 100% RP-120867 RP-130099 SK Telecom Seungpyo Hong RP#59 stop
492 550011 LTEAdvanced intra-band non-contiguous Carrier Aggregation in Band 3 LTE_CA_NC_B3 2 Rel-12 R4 05-03-2012 06-12-2013 100% RP-131359 - SK Telecom haesung.park@sk.com LTE_CA_NC
493 550111 Core part: LTEAdvanced intra-band non-contiguous Carrier Aggregation in Band 3 LTE_CA_NC_B3-Core 3 Rel-12 R4 05-03-2012 06-12-2013 100% RP-131359 RP-131573 SK Telecom haesung.park@sk.com RP#62 com
494 550211 Perf. part: LTEAdvanced intra-band non-contiguous Carrier Aggregation in Band 3 LTE_CA_NC_B3-Perf 3 Rel-12 R4 15-03-2012 06-12-2013 100% RP-131359 RP-131574 SK Telecom haesung.park@sk.com RP#62 com
696 620050 LTEAdvanced 3 Band Carrier Aggregation3DL for Band 1, Band 3 and Band 5 LTE_CA_B1_B3_B5 2 Rel-12 R4 06-12-2013 13-06-2014 13% RP-132121 - SK Telecom haesung.park@sk.com Inter-band C
697 620150 Core part: LTEAdvanced 3 Band Carrier Aggregation3DL for Band 1, Band 3 and Band 5 LTE_CA_B1_B3_B5-Core 3 Rel-12 R4 06-12-2013 13-06-2014 25% RP-132121 RP-140428 SK Telecom haesung.park@sk.com -
698 620250 Perf. part: LTEAdvanced 3 Band Carrier Aggregation3DL for Band 1, Band 3 and Band 5 LTE_CA_B1_B3_B5-Perf 3 Rel-12 R4 06-12-2013 13-06-2014 0% RP-132121 RP-140428 SK Telecom haesung.park@sk.com -
630 610021 LTEAdvanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 5 and Band 7 LTE_CA_B5_B7 2 Rel-12 R4 09-09-2013 02-12-2013 100% RP-131365 - LG Uplus Yeonsang KOO (yskoo@lguplus.co.kr) 1UL/2DL
631 610121 Core part: LTEAdvanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 5 and Band 7 LTE_CA_B5_B7-Core 3 Rel-12 R4 09-09-2013 02-12-2013 100% RP-131365 RP-131541 LG Uplus Yeonsang KOO (yskoo@lguplus.co.kr) RP#62 com
632 610221 Perf. part: LTEAdvanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 5 and Band 7 LTE_CA_B5_B7-Perf 3 Rel-12 R4 09-09-2013 02-12-2013 100% RP-131365 RP-131542 LG Uplus Yeonsang KOO (yskoo@lguplus.co.kr) RP#62 com
663 620025 LTEAdvanced 3 Band Carrier Aggregation 3DL for Band 1, Band 5 and Band 7 LTE_CA_B1_B5_B7 2 Rel-12 R4 09-12-2013 12-09-2014 25% RP-140209 - LG Uplus Yeonsang KOO (yskoo@lguplus.co.kr) Inter-band C
664 620125 Core part: LTEAdvanced 3 Band Carrier Aggregation 3DL for Band 1, Band 5 and Band 7 LTE_CA_B1_B5_B7-Core 3 Rel-12 R4 09-12-2013 13-06-2014 25% RP-140209 RP-140428 LG Uplus Yeonsang KOO (yskoo@lguplus.co.kr) RP#63 upda
665 620225 Perf. part: LTEAdvanced 3 Band Carrier Aggregation 3DL for Band 1, Band 5 and Band 7 LTE_CA_B1_B5_B7-Perf 3 Rel-12 R4 09-12-2013 12-09-2014 25% RP-140209 RP-140428 LG Uplus Yeonsang KOO (yskoo@lguplus.co.kr) RP#63 upda
507 570013 LTEAdvanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 3 and Band 26 LTE_CA_B3_B26 2 Rel-12 R4 11-09-2012 14-06-2013 100% RP-130658 - KT Chungw oo HWANG (cw hw ang@kt.com) 1 UL
508 570113 Core part: LTEAdvanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 3 and Band 26 LTE_CA_B3_B26-Core 3 Rel-12 R4 11-09-2012 14-06-2013 100% RP-130658 RP-130527 KT Chungw oo HWANG (cw hw ang@kt.com) RP#60 com
509 570213 Perf. part: LTEAdvanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 3 and Band 26 LTE_CA_B3_B26-Perf 3 Rel-12 R4 11-09-2012 14-06-2013 100% RP-130658 RP-130528 KT Chungw oo HWANG (cw hw ang@kt.com) RP#60 com
546 590025 Deleted - LTEAdvanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 8 and Band 26 LTE_CA_B8_B26 2 Rel-12 R4 04-03-2013 06-12-2013 100% RP-130201 - KT Chungw oo HWANG (cw hw ang@kt.com) 1 UL
547 590125 Deleted - Core part: LTEAdvanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 8 and Band 26 LTE_CA_B8_B26-Core 3 Rel-12 R4 04-03-2013 06-12-2013 100% RP-130201 RP-131549 KT Chungw oo HWANG (cw hw ang@kt.com) RP#62 stop
548 590225 Deleted - Perf. part: LTEAdvanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 8 and Band 26 LTE_CA_B8_B26-Perf 3 Rel-12 R4 04-03-2013 06-12-2013 100% RP-130201 RP-131550 KT Chungw oo HWANG (cw hw ang@kt.com) RP#62 stop
651 620022 LTEAdvanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 3 and Band 27 LTE_CA_B3_B27 2 Rel-12 R4 09-12-2013 06-03-2014 100% RP-140119 RP-140428 KT Chungw oo HWANG (cw hw ang@kt.com) Inter-band C
652 620122 Core part: LTEAdvanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 3 and Band 27 LTE_CA_B3_B27-Core 3 Rel-12 R4 09-12-2013 06-03-2014 100% RP-140119 RP-140428 KT Chungw oo HWANG (cw hw ang@kt.com) RP#63 com
653 620222 Perf. part: LTEAdvanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 3 and Band 27 LTE_CA_B3_B27-Perf 3 Rel-12 R4 09-12-2013 06-03-2014 100% RP-140119 RP-140428 KT Chungw oo HWANG (cw hw ang@kt.com) RP#63 com
654 620023 LTEAdvanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 8 and Band 27 LTE_CA_B8_B27 2 Rel-12 R4 09-12-2013 13-06-2014 10% RP-140120 - KT ilw han.kim@kt.com Inter-band C
655 620123 Core part: LTEAdvanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 8 and Band 27 LTE_CA_B8_B27-Core 3 Rel-12 R4 09-12-2013 13-06-2014 10% RP-140120 RP-140428 KT ilw han.kim@kt.com RP#63 upda
656 620223 Perf. part: LTEAdvanced inter-band Carrier Aggregation of Band 8 and Band 27 LTE_CA_B8_B27-Perf 3 Rel-12 R4 09-12-2013 13-06-2014 10% RP-140120 RP-140428 KT ilw han.kim@kt.com RP#63 upda
660 620024 LTEAdvanced 3 Band Carrier Aggregation 3DL for Band 1, Band 3 and Band 8 LTE_CA_B1_B3_B8 2 Rel-12 R4 09-12-2013 13-06-2014 25% RP-131753 - KT Ilw han Kim(ilw han.kim@kt.com) Inter-band C
661 620124 Core part: LTEAdvanced 3 Band Carrier Aggregation 3DL for Band 1, Band 3 and Band 8 LTE_CA_B1_B3_B8-Core 3 Rel-12 R4 09-12-2013 13-06-2014 25% RP-131753 RP-140428 KT Ilw han Kim(ilw han.kim@kt.com) -
662 620224 Perf. part: LTEAdvanced 3 Band Carrier Aggregation 3DL for Band 1, Band 3 and Band 8 LTE_CA_B1_B3_B8-Perf 3 Rel-12 R4 09-12-2013 13-06-2014 25% RP-131753 RP-140428 KT Ilw han Kim(ilw han.kim@kt.com) -
684 620032 LTEAdvanced 3 band Carrier Aggregation 3DL for Band 3, Band 8 and Band 27 LTE_CA_B3_B8_B27 2 Rel-12 R4 09-12-2013 13-06-2014 25% RP-131754 - KT Chungw oo HWANG (cw hw ang@kt.com) Inter-band C
685 620132 Core part: LTEAdvanced 3 band Carrier Aggregation 3DL for Band 3, Band 8 and Band 27 LTE_CA_B3_B8_B27-Core 3 Rel-12 R4 09-12-2013 13-06-2014 25% RP-131754 RP-140428 KT Chungw oo HWANG (cw hw ang@kt.com) -
686 620232 Perf. part: LTEAdvanced 3 band Carrier Aggregation 3DL for Band 3, Band 8 and Band 27 LTE_CA_B3_B8_B27-Perf 3 Rel-12 R4 09-12-2013 13-06-2014 25% RP-131754 RP-140428 KT Chungw oo HWANG (cw hw ang@kt.com) -
19. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 19
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr
20. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 20
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr
LTE category (TS 36.306)
출처 http://niviuk.free.fr/ue_category.php
21. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 21
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr
22. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 22
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr
Pcell Band 5 (EARFCN 2500) + Scell Band 3 (EARFCN1700)
주파수 경매전 – 2013년 09월 현재
23. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 23
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr
Support CAT6
Measurement reporting trigger Event A6 for CA
Trigger type 1 SRS (aperiodic SRS) transmission (Up to X ports)
NOTE: X = number of supported layers on given band
주파수 경매 후 – 2014년 04월 현재
24. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 24
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr주파수 경매 후 – 2014년 04월 현재
Pcell Band 5 (EARFCN 2500) + Scell Band 3 Wide Band (EARFCN1350)
25. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 25
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr주파수 경매 후 – 2014년 04월 현재
CA cell swapped by NW due to reselection priority as 7
rrcConnectionRelease with idleModeMobilityControlInfo
26. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 26
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr
FlagShip
MSM8974/AB/C
MDM9X15
MDM9X25
출처 http://www.qualcomm.com
Current Build
Ver. Dime 3.0
Fusion Build
APQ8084 + MDM9635
CA (20Mhz+10Mhz)
QFESS (RF360)
27. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 27
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr
출처 http://www.qualcomm.com
http://www.dt.co.kr
MSM8994
28. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 28
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr
출처 http://ko.wikipedia.org
회사 이름 모델 제시된 모델 탑재된 스마트폰
퀄컴 스냅드래곤 (Snapdragon) 스냅드래곤 800 삼성 갤럭시 S4 LTE-A
엔비디아 테그라 (Tegra) 테그라 4 ZTE U988S
인텔 인텔 아톰 프로세서 (Intel Atom) Intel Atom Z2760 모토로라 레이저 i
프리스케일 세미컨
덕터
i.MX i.MX 6 샤프 넷워커
삼성전자 엑시노스 (Exynos) 엑시노스 5420 삼성 갤럭시 노트 2
화웨이 하이 실리콘 (Hi Silicon) 하이실리콘 K3V3 화웨이 어센드 메이트
텍사스 인스트루먼
트
OMAP OMAP 4460 삼성 갤럭시 넥서스
애플 A 시리즈 애플 A4 아이폰 4
29. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 29
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr
30. 마스터 제목 스타일 편집
2014-04-23 30
Creative Ideas in Mobile Industry
www.mobidea.co.kr