Non-optical devices play an important role in helping people with low vision. They improve functional vision and are cheaper than optical devices. Examples include devices that increase illumination, contrast, size of text, and assist with tasks like reading, writing, medication management, and mobility. Training in techniques like eccentric viewing and scanning can also help low vision patients make better use of their remaining vision.
It contains Examination Protocol for Contact Lenses along with information about pre-requisites for fitting a Contact Lens. A helpful guide for all Students, Eye Care Practitioners (Optometrist, Ophthalmologist).
Magnification is a method of increasing the size of the image
so that enough of the retina is stimulated to send an impulse
through the optic nerve allowing an object to be perceived .
Contact lens for congenital aphakia and other eye conditions for infants and toddlers. The slide presentation encompasses indications for CL fitting in paediatric, contact lens options, fitting techniques, challenges and contact lens as myopia control.
It contains Examination Protocol for Contact Lenses along with information about pre-requisites for fitting a Contact Lens. A helpful guide for all Students, Eye Care Practitioners (Optometrist, Ophthalmologist).
Magnification is a method of increasing the size of the image
so that enough of the retina is stimulated to send an impulse
through the optic nerve allowing an object to be perceived .
Contact lens for congenital aphakia and other eye conditions for infants and toddlers. The slide presentation encompasses indications for CL fitting in paediatric, contact lens options, fitting techniques, challenges and contact lens as myopia control.
This presentation covers the following topics: types of media and multimedia, principles of message design, types of presentation technology, designing effective presentations, using PowerPoint and the Web
Low vision devices optical and non optical devices training strategies. How to teach map reading for visually challenged. preparation of tactual materials. Ways of teaching science and social science
magnification, It's definition, types, clinical uses, Uses in Optical instruments like microscopes, telescopes, Uses in Optical instruments like direct Ophthalmoscopes, indirect ophthalmoscopes and slit lamps, In low vision
Polarization and it's application in OphthalmologyRaju Kaiti
Polarization, types of polarization, mechanisms to produce polarization, Applications of polarization, precautions with polarizing sunglasses, ophthalmic uses of polarization
Color vision physiology, defects and different testing ProceduresRaju Kaiti
Color vision Physiology, Different types of Color vision defects, different testing procedures, trichromatic theory, color opponent theory, inheritance of color vision defect, management of color vision defect
Pediatric Ophthalmic dispensing in different visual problemsRaju Kaiti
Pediatric dispensing, introduction, different from adult dispensing, frame selection, lens selection, special case fitting, Do's and Dont's, Measurements, Down's syndrome, albinism, aphakia, strabismus, syndromes
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V - ROLE OF PEADIATRIC NURSE.pdfSachin Sharma
Pediatric nurses play a vital role in the health and well-being of children. Their responsibilities are wide-ranging, and their objectives can be categorized into several key areas:
1. Direct Patient Care:
Objective: Provide comprehensive and compassionate care to infants, children, and adolescents in various healthcare settings (hospitals, clinics, etc.).
This includes tasks like:
Monitoring vital signs and physical condition.
Administering medications and treatments.
Performing procedures as directed by doctors.
Assisting with daily living activities (bathing, feeding).
Providing emotional support and pain management.
2. Health Promotion and Education:
Objective: Promote healthy behaviors and educate children, families, and communities about preventive healthcare.
This includes tasks like:
Administering vaccinations.
Providing education on nutrition, hygiene, and development.
Offering breastfeeding and childbirth support.
Counseling families on safety and injury prevention.
3. Collaboration and Advocacy:
Objective: Collaborate effectively with doctors, social workers, therapists, and other healthcare professionals to ensure coordinated care for children.
Objective: Advocate for the rights and best interests of their patients, especially when children cannot speak for themselves.
This includes tasks like:
Communicating effectively with healthcare teams.
Identifying and addressing potential risks to child welfare.
Educating families about their child's condition and treatment options.
4. Professional Development and Research:
Objective: Stay up-to-date on the latest advancements in pediatric healthcare through continuing education and research.
Objective: Contribute to improving the quality of care for children by participating in research initiatives.
This includes tasks like:
Attending workshops and conferences on pediatric nursing.
Participating in clinical trials related to child health.
Implementing evidence-based practices into their daily routines.
By fulfilling these objectives, pediatric nurses play a crucial role in ensuring the optimal health and well-being of children throughout all stages of their development.
Deep Leg Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Meaning, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Mor...The Lifesciences Magazine
Deep Leg Vein Thrombosis occurs when a blood clot forms in one or more of the deep veins in the legs. These clots can impede blood flow, leading to severe complications.
Health Education on prevention of hypertensionRadhika kulvi
Hypertension is a chronic condition of concern due to its role in the causation of coronary heart diseases. Hypertension is a worldwide epidemic and important risk factor for coronary artery disease, stroke and renal diseases. Blood pressure is the force exerted by the blood against the walls of the blood vessels and is sufficient to maintain tissue perfusion during activity and rest. Hypertension is sustained elevation of BP. In adults, HTN exists when systolic blood pressure is equal to or greater than 140mmHg or diastolic BP is equal to or greater than 90mmHg. The
Telehealth Psychology Building Trust with Clients.pptxThe Harvest Clinic
Telehealth psychology is a digital approach that offers psychological services and mental health care to clients remotely, using technologies like video conferencing, phone calls, text messaging, and mobile apps for communication.
Navigating Challenges: Mental Health, Legislation, and the Prison System in B...Guillermo Rivera
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Leading the Way in Nephrology: Dr. David Greene's Work with Stem Cells for Ki...Dr. David Greene Arizona
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Antibiotic Stewardship by Anushri Srivastava.pptxAnushriSrivastav
Stewardship is the act of taking good care of something.
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
WHO launched the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) in 2015 to fill knowledge gaps and inform strategies at all levels.
ACCORDING TO apic.org,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
ACCORDING TO pewtrusts.org,
Antibiotic stewardship refers to efforts in doctors’ offices, hospitals, long term care facilities, and other health care settings to ensure that antibiotics are used only when necessary and appropriate
According to WHO,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a systematic approach to educate and support health care professionals to follow evidence-based guidelines for prescribing and administering antimicrobials
In 1996, John McGowan and Dale Gerding first applied the term antimicrobial stewardship, where they suggested a causal association between antimicrobial agent use and resistance. They also focused on the urgency of large-scale controlled trials of antimicrobial-use regulation employing sophisticated epidemiologic methods, molecular typing, and precise resistance mechanism analysis.
Antimicrobial Stewardship(AMS) refers to the optimal selection, dosing, and duration of antimicrobial treatment resulting in the best clinical outcome with minimal side effects to the patients and minimal impact on subsequent resistance.
According to the 2019 report, in the US, more than 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections occur each year, and more than 35000 people die. In addition to this, it also mentioned that 223,900 cases of Clostridoides difficile occurred in 2017, of which 12800 people died. The report did not include viruses or parasites
VISION
Being proactive
Supporting optimal animal and human health
Exploring ways to reduce overall use of antimicrobials
Using the drugs that prevent and treat disease by killing microscopic organisms in a responsible way
GOAL
to prevent the generation and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Doing so will preserve the effectiveness of these drugs in animals and humans for years to come.
being to preserve human and animal health and the effectiveness of antimicrobial medications.
to implement a multidisciplinary approach in assembling a stewardship team to include an infectious disease physician, a clinical pharmacist with infectious diseases training, infection preventionist, and a close collaboration with the staff in the clinical microbiology laboratory
to prevent antimicrobial overuse, misuse and abuse.
to minimize the developme
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V PREVENTIVE-PEDIATRICS.pdfSachin Sharma
This content provides an overview of preventive pediatrics. It defines preventive pediatrics as preventing disease and promoting children's physical, mental, and social well-being to achieve positive health. It discusses antenatal, postnatal, and social preventive pediatrics. It also covers various child health programs like immunization, breastfeeding, ICDS, and the roles of organizations like WHO, UNICEF, and nurses in preventive pediatrics.
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair A New Horizon in Nephrology.pptxR3 Stem Cell
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The Importance of Community Nursing Care.pdfAD Healthcare
NDIS and Community 24/7 Nursing Care is a specific type of support that may be provided under the NDIS for individuals with complex medical needs who require ongoing nursing care in a community setting, such as their home or a supported accommodation facility.
the IUA Administrative Board and General Assembly meeting
Low vision non optical devices
1. Low vision Non optical
Devices
Raju Kaiti, M. Optom
Consultant Optometrist, NEH
2. Non-optical devices
Play an important role in the successful
use of many low vision optical devices.
Uses relative size, illumination, position,
contrast, color, or other sensory inputs
for their effects.
4. Non-optical devices
Helpful in increasing
Illumination level
Contrast
Physical comfort
Makes things easier to see by modifying
their color, contrast, shape,size and
position
5. Non-optical devices
Non optical devices=Assistive Technology
Piece of equipment, product, system or software
used to
Increase, maintain or improve functional capabilities of
individuals with sight loss
6. Types of nonoptical devices
Relative size and larger assistive devices
Glare, contrast, and lighting control devices
Posture and comfort mentinance devices
Handwriting and written communication
devices
Medical management devices
Orientation and mobility management
techniques and devices
Sensory subsitution devices
7. Relative size and larger assistive
devices
Large print materials = best example
E.g. enlarged photocopy materials and
computer printouts of large font size
Can make large print easily using
photocopies
Keep in mind margins, spacing and type
style
Arial narrow
Double line spacing
18 font size
10. Pros and Cons
Advantages:
Cosmesis-the individual is able to read looking like a
person with normal vision
Disadvantages:
Books are too heavy and bulky and therefore difficult to
hold for long hours
Less available
11. Glare, contrast and light control
Contrast is important in enhancing functional vision
Patients with low contrast VA will complain about reading bills and
medicine labels etc
Increasing illumination level will easily enhance contrast
Illumination
Wall attached lamp/ over head reading lamp
Incandescent light – 60 W (longer wavelength- more
Halogen light – high intensity
Fluorescent light – 11W , blue spectrum
Neodymium bulb – 30% less UV & 20-28% less infrared than
incandescent bulb
Shades
Tennis shades, caps, hats, side-shields, visors
13. Glare, contrast and light control
Different eye conditions require different lighting level
Patients with RP require higher illumunation-
recommend them to use flashlight
Glaucoma and cataract produce glare-patients
benefit from different tinted lenses to control glare,
or a peaked cap roduces greater visual comfort
Albinism requires controlled or indirect lightings-
proper seating arrangements against direct sun or
use of curtains will help in lighting control
14. Glare, contrast and light control
Filters
Reduce glare, enhance contrast & reduce
adaptation time
NOIR-
photophobia and glare
absorb UV (200-400nm) near infrared
( 800-1400nm)
Younger protective lens
Filter UV and short wavelength blue light
18. Glare, contrast and light control
Anti-reflective coatings
3.87 – 5.32% of light lost at each surface
Single layer – multiple layer
Higher the index – greater need of
antireflective coatings
Materials – metallic chlorides and fluorides,
metals such as lithium sodium and alkaline
earth metals like magnesium.
19. Glare, contrast and light control
Mirror coatings
Reduce transmittance by absorption & reflection
Typoscopes
Reduce unwanted glare from surface
Pinholes
Pinholes reduce blur circle- in media opacities,
corneal involvements, cataracts
Stenopaic slits
Placed horizontally
Control illumination
21. Color and contrast
Adjustment of appropriate color and contrast
around the working environment
Wall and ceiling color
Furniture and decorating materials
Color the wall root, railing and staircase
Door and windows knob and handle
Kitchen vase and vessels
Edges of the staircase
Bed sheet, curtain, pillow cover and table cover
Floor color – non-skid
25. Posture and comfort maintenance
Reading devices require closer reading
distances
Patients need to bend to maintain close
diatance
Causes discomfort and stress
Adjustable reading stand recommended
26. Posture and comfort maintenance
Reading racks, book stand, lap desks,
copy holders
Reading stand
Material tilt 45- 70 degrees of the vertical.
High powered stand magnifier- if appropriate
tilting, improve legibility and reduce fatigue
Telescopes
ring stand, head band
28. Hand writing and written communication
Signature guide
Check guides
Reading guide
Letter writers
Bold felt-tip pens and
3B pencils (Boldness
increases contrast and
makes reading easier)
Type of paper used
Bold line paper
Large print typewriters
29. Non optical devices
Reading lamp
Reading stand
Writing guide
Reading guide
Signature guide
Bold line note books and papers
Black ink bold tip pens
Soft lead pencil – 2B,4B,6B
Needle threader
Notex etc...
Black cards with rectangular cut outs horizontally along the card
The patient can feel the empty cut out spaces and write
30. Notex
It is a rectangular piece of cardboard with
steps on top right corner which helps in
identifying the currency of the note
1st cut indicates Rs. 500, 2nd cut indicates
Rs.100, 3rd cut indicates Rs 50 and so on.
It is a rectangular piece of cardboard with steps on top
right corner which helps in identifying the currency of the
note
1st cut indicates Rs. 500, 2nd cut indicates Rs.100, 3rd cut
indicates Rs 50 and so on.
31. Devices for reading
Reading materials with enlarged and high contrast print
Typoscopes (reading guides)
Fixed reading stand
Adjustable reading stand
Illuminated reading stand
An enlarged and high contrast calculator
A talking calculator
A talking dictionary
Talking books
Tape recorders
Reading materials in braille
Tactile cards
32. Medical management
Monitoring blood glucose
Large print syringe
Syringe with magnifiers ( optical device)
Preset dosage
Pre-filled syringes- filled with clicking sounds
Comparing the color chart for urine moist strip using
plane white background and good illumination
Monitoring blood pressure
Readout sphygmomanometers for hearing problems
Monitoring temperatures
Large readout thermometers and talking thermometer
33. O & M management
Orientation is using the remaining senses to establish
one’s location in one’s environment
Mobility is an art of moving from one place to another
independently, safely and gracefully
Mobility cane- cost effective and easily available
Foldings and unfolding models
Cane is a safe mobility device and universal techniques
used.
34. O & M management
Sighted guide
Canes
long cane, folding and collapsible canes
Dog guides
Electronic travel aids
Pathsounder
Sonic Pathfinder
Laser cane
Mowat sensor
Nightscope
Night vision devices
38. Others for DLS
Concave mirror- shaving
Needle threader
Iron in a wooden box
Easy say stop – level of liquid
Flash torch light
Buttons of different colors
Ropes for plating and unplating hair
Notex – notes identifier
Different size of currencies- by tactile / grouping
Umbrella
39. Devices for recreation
Enlarged Ludo
An enlarged chess set
An enlarged high contrast set of playing cards
Enlarged and colorful footballs
An enlarged and high contrast carrom board
with large and bright colored goals
A TV with and enlarged screen and bright
colors
40. Trainings
Eccentric viewing training
The voluntary use of an extra foveal locus or
loci for fixation with the goal of improving the
visibility of the target viewed.
Some learn on their own while others do not,
need to be trained.
Scanning and tracking training
41. Relative size and larger assistive devices
Large print
Books, magazines, newspaper, dictionaries,
thesauri, atlas, cookbooks, encyclopedias, bibles
Photocopy machines ( e.g. A4 size to A3 size)
Computer with large prints font
Computer software program
Large print typewriters
Others
Telephone dial, bank checks, watches, clocks,
calculators etc
Games like cross word puzzles, playing cards, chess
checkers, bingo etc.
5/20/2014APPROACH & ASSESMENT OF LVC-CME 80
“Visually disabled are not fallen souls”
“Positive attitude towards them will make them
socially amicable, psychologically adjustable and
educationally sound”
The unlimited opportunities and experiences
extended to them will make them physically fit
mentally alert and totally independent in the
community