This document discusses the limits of translation. It begins by defining translation as the process of transferring text from one language to another. Some key limits mentioned include difficulty translating certain words or concepts that don't directly translate between languages, such as idioms, metaphors, rhythmic structures, and cultural references. The conclusion acknowledges that while translation aims for perfection, it can only reach near perfection due to differences in language, style, and cultural context between the original work and translation.
translation connects the world, and to be able to communicate with others. it transfers knowledge between the languages. to enable to communication between different people, and through translation, we help to understand each other.
translation connects the world, and to be able to communicate with others. it transfers knowledge between the languages. to enable to communication between different people, and through translation, we help to understand each other.
Catford defines translation as the replacement of textual material in one language (SL) by equivalent textual material in another language (TL). A Formal Correspondence is any TL category which may be said to occupy the same place in the economy of TL as the given SL category occupies in the SL.
A Textual Equivalent is any TL text or portion of text which is to be equivalent of a given SL text or portion of text.The small linguistic changes that occur between ST and TT are known as translation shifts.A level shit would be something which is expressed by grammar in one language and lexis in another.These shifts are from one part of speech to another.
When a SL item is translated with TL item which belongs to a different class. A verb may be translated as a noun.
Taufiq Rafat as a poet,writing style ,themes and subjects of his poetry.pptxNajma Ejaz
Taufiq Rafat was a Pakistani poet who gained recognition for his distinct writing style and unique exploration of various themes in his poetry. He was born on June 8, 1927, in Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan, and passed away on August 2, 1998.
Writing Style:
Taufiq Rafat is known for his experimental and innovative approach to poetry. He broke away from traditional forms and structures and embraced a more modernist and surrealistic style. His poetry often featured vivid and imaginative imagery, intricate wordplay, and a blending of traditional and contemporary elements. Rafat's writing was marked by a deep sensitivity to the natural world and a keen observation of everyday life.
Themes:
Rafat's poetry touched upon a wide range of themes and subjects. Some of the recurring themes in his work include:
1. Nature: Rafat had a deep appreciation for nature and often drew inspiration from its beauty and transformative power. He portrayed the natural world as a source of solace, reflecting on its seasons, landscapes, and elements.
2. Identity and Culture: Rafat explored the complexities of identity and the cultural context of his homeland, Pakistan. He delved into the cultural heritage, traditions, and societal norms, questioning and reevaluating them through his poetry.
3. Love and Relationships: The themes of love, longing, and relationships featured prominently in Rafat's work. He explored the various dimensions of human emotions, including passion, desire, and heartbreak.
4. Social Issues: Rafat also touched upon social issues prevalent in Pakistani society, such as inequality, poverty, and political unrest. His poetry often offered critical commentary on these issues, urging for change and justice.
Biography:
Taufiq Rafat completed his education in Lahore, Pakistan, and went on to work as a lecturer in English literature at a college in Rawalpindi. He contributed to various literary journals and magazines and gained recognition for his unique poetic voice. Rafat's work was appreciated both within Pakistan and internationally, and he was regarded as a prominent figure in contemporary Urdu poetry. His poems have been translated into English and other languages, allowing a wider audience to appreciate his work.
Taufiq Rafat's writing style, with its experimental approach and vivid imagery, set him apart from his contemporaries. His exploration of diverse themes and subjects, from nature and culture to love and social issues, showcased his versatility as a poet. Despite his relatively short life, Rafat's poetry continues to be celebrated for its literary merit and contribution to Urdu literature.
Catford defines translation as the replacement of textual material in one language (SL) by equivalent textual material in another language (TL). A Formal Correspondence is any TL category which may be said to occupy the same place in the economy of TL as the given SL category occupies in the SL.
A Textual Equivalent is any TL text or portion of text which is to be equivalent of a given SL text or portion of text.The small linguistic changes that occur between ST and TT are known as translation shifts.A level shit would be something which is expressed by grammar in one language and lexis in another.These shifts are from one part of speech to another.
When a SL item is translated with TL item which belongs to a different class. A verb may be translated as a noun.
Taufiq Rafat as a poet,writing style ,themes and subjects of his poetry.pptxNajma Ejaz
Taufiq Rafat was a Pakistani poet who gained recognition for his distinct writing style and unique exploration of various themes in his poetry. He was born on June 8, 1927, in Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan, and passed away on August 2, 1998.
Writing Style:
Taufiq Rafat is known for his experimental and innovative approach to poetry. He broke away from traditional forms and structures and embraced a more modernist and surrealistic style. His poetry often featured vivid and imaginative imagery, intricate wordplay, and a blending of traditional and contemporary elements. Rafat's writing was marked by a deep sensitivity to the natural world and a keen observation of everyday life.
Themes:
Rafat's poetry touched upon a wide range of themes and subjects. Some of the recurring themes in his work include:
1. Nature: Rafat had a deep appreciation for nature and often drew inspiration from its beauty and transformative power. He portrayed the natural world as a source of solace, reflecting on its seasons, landscapes, and elements.
2. Identity and Culture: Rafat explored the complexities of identity and the cultural context of his homeland, Pakistan. He delved into the cultural heritage, traditions, and societal norms, questioning and reevaluating them through his poetry.
3. Love and Relationships: The themes of love, longing, and relationships featured prominently in Rafat's work. He explored the various dimensions of human emotions, including passion, desire, and heartbreak.
4. Social Issues: Rafat also touched upon social issues prevalent in Pakistani society, such as inequality, poverty, and political unrest. His poetry often offered critical commentary on these issues, urging for change and justice.
Biography:
Taufiq Rafat completed his education in Lahore, Pakistan, and went on to work as a lecturer in English literature at a college in Rawalpindi. He contributed to various literary journals and magazines and gained recognition for his unique poetic voice. Rafat's work was appreciated both within Pakistan and internationally, and he was regarded as a prominent figure in contemporary Urdu poetry. His poems have been translated into English and other languages, allowing a wider audience to appreciate his work.
Taufiq Rafat's writing style, with its experimental approach and vivid imagery, set him apart from his contemporaries. His exploration of diverse themes and subjects, from nature and culture to love and social issues, showcased his versatility as a poet. Despite his relatively short life, Rafat's poetry continues to be celebrated for its literary merit and contribution to Urdu literature.
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This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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Limits of Translation
1. • Class: M.A. Sem-3
• Roll No.: 07
• Paper No. 12-A : English Language Teaching
• Enrollment No.: PG 14101030
• Prepared By: Dipti Vaghela
(diptivaghela50@gmail.com)
• Submitted To: Department of English
Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji
Bhavnagar University
Limits of Translation
3. Introduction
–We can say that translators are cultural
ambassadors. It is one of the most
important and worthy activities. We know
very well that every thing has its own
strength and limitations. Translation has
also some limitations. But before that let’s
we understand that what is translation?
4. What is Translation?
• The process of translating words or text from
one language into another.
• The process of turning an original text into a
text in another language.
• So, it is the process of transferring from one
language to another.
5. Limits of Translation
• Some words are difficult to translate like
Gujarati word “ Chandr-mukhi”.
• The name of some things are difficult to
translate like Ladu – Sweet ball.
• Sentence patterns are different in every
languages for example, English and Gujarati
Subject + Verb + Object
Subject + Object + Verb
E
G
6. • One of the most problem in translating is that
to deal with idioms, metaphors for example as
under,
Idioms It’s not your cup of tea
Metaphor Sweet day, so cool, so calm, so bright,
The bridal of the earth and sky…
7. • We can’t translate rhythm and timing in music
and rhyming words as under,
Rhythm
“ All things bright and beautiful’
All creatures are great and small,
All things wise and wonderful…”
Rhyming
“ What is this life is, full of care,
We have no time to stand and stare,”
8. • Cultural barriers : All writer’s have their own
culture and translator can’t obtain that
culture and tradition.
• The translators and the text writers have
different theories of meaning, style and
values.
• Thus, we lost beauty and pleasure of main
work and translator can’t translate that
proper feelings which created by the original
writer.
9. Conclusion
•Thus , perfection is not possible
in translation because all writers
have their own feelings and style.
But we can only reach near to
perfection.
