The document discusses Communicative Language Learning (CLL), founded by psychologist Charles Curran, emphasizing real-life conversations and a counselor-client relationship between teacher and student. It outlines the theory's principles, including whole-person learning and a topic-based syllabus, while highlighting class activities and the advantages and disadvantages of CLL. Key benefits include fostering independence and reducing negative affective factors, whereas challenges involve difficulties with recordings and the need for proficient teachers.

1. Topic: Communicative
language learning.

2. History
• Charles Curran was the founder of CLL approach.
• Students learn the 2nd language using real life conversation .
• He was a psychologist.
• The teacher & the student would share counsellor and client relation.
•

3. How the theory was established
• Curran saw the two types of learning ; putative & passive learning.
• He said true learning have both cognitive & affective factors.
• He used whole-person learning style.
• The teacher & the student share warmth, understanding & Positivity.
• He compared 2nd language learning with 1st language acquiring with SARD.
• S- security
• A- acquire & aggressive
• R- retention and reflection
• D- differentiation

4. Procedure of the class
• Everyone sit in a circle maintaining visual contact with other.
• Student initiated conversation by giving a message in the L1.
• The instructor, standing behind the student translate it in the L2.
• The student then repeat the L2 message to its addressee & records it.
• Each student have a chance to share and record a few messages
• The tape recorder was rewound and replayed at intervals.
• Then the students share their frank reflection on the class activities.
• The teacher write the most highlighted word or grammar rule.

5. The syllabus & the material
• There is not any conventional syllabus for the CLL.
• But the course would be topic based.
• Skilled CLL teachers can sift the learners intentions to the syllabus.
• There is not any prescribed books.
• Materials may be developed by the summarization of the
conversation.

6. Class activities
• Brainstorm : Students are assigned to brain storm about the
topic.
• Discussion : They needs to discuss about the topic
• Taking note : They can also take note on what is important
for them.
• Transcribe: They also needs to transcribe the recorded
discussion.
• Analysis : They can read the materials to analyse the topic.
• Swapping their notes: They can read and evaluate each
others notes.

7. Advantages of CLL
• Works with lower level students struggling with spoken skill.
• It lowers the negative affective factors.
• Students can select their topic of conversation.
• It trains student to become independent.
• It creates a warm, sympathetic and trusting relationship.

8. Disadvantages of CLL
• Some student find it difficult in speaking on a recorder.
• Teachers may neglect giving guidance to the students.
• Teachers need to be highly proficient in the target language
• Translation is a complex task.
• It takes a lot of time to carry it out.