Landforms Of Deposition Ap
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1. Longshore drift is the movement of sediment along the coastline caused by waves pushing sediment parallel to the shore. 2. At a location where the coastline changes direction, longshore drift can deposit sediment and form a curved spit or hook-shaped landform that extends into the water. 3. Over time, changes in wind direction can cause the spit to develop curved or hooked ends as sediment continues to deposit and the spit grows in a curved shape.
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This document provides an overview of coastal landforms and the geomorphological processes that form them. It discusses the key forces that shape coastlines, including waves, tides, climate, and human impacts. Erosional landforms like cliffs, wave-cut platforms, sea caves and stacks are formed by hydraulic action, abrasion and other processes. Depositional landforms include beaches, bars, spits and tombolos that are built up by sediment movement. Examples of these landforms in India such as beaches in Puri and Mumbai are also outlined. The document concludes by emphasizing the variety of coastal landforms globally and importance of coastal geomorphology as a field of study.
Motion in the Ocean
Waves, tides, and currents are important components of ocean motion. Waves are caused by wind and transfer energy across the ocean surface, shaping coastlines through erosion and deposition. Tides are the daily rise and fall of sea levels caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun, forming tidal bulges. Major tide types include semidiurnal, spring, and neap tides. Ocean currents are large flows of water driven by factors like wind, the Coriolis effect, and temperature/density changes. Surface currents are wind-driven while deep currents flow more slowly due to density. The Gulf Stream transports warm water from the Gulf of Mexico north along the eastern US coast.
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Factors that Contribute to Coastal Processes
Coastal processes such as waves, tides, erosion, and deposition shape shorelines. Waves transport energy from the sun and create longshore currents that move sediment parallel to shorelines. Tides are daily fluctuations in ocean height caused by the sun and moon's gravitational pull. Coastal erosion wears away rock and cliffs through wave action, currents, and chemicals. It focuses on headlands, forming caves and stacks. Seawalls and dunes can prevent erosion. Coastal submersion occurs when sediment exceeds the capacity for transport, building beaches, spits, and hooks. Saltwater intrusion pollutes coastal freshwater aquifers as groundwater use induces seawater flow inland.
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Powerpoint notes for High school oceanography unit in Earth Science. Course being taught in North Carolina
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Landforms Of Deposition Ap
- 2. This movement of sediment along the coastline is called longshore drift . Direction of movement swash Backwash Backwash is always at right angles to the beach Longshore drift
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- 10. The wind direction changes and moves the spit inland. In storm conditions the spit may be breached. Why doesnโt the spit grow across the estuary to form a bar? The riverโs current stops deposition across the estuary. Why is the spit curved? Spit formation
- 11. Fetch - direction of prevailing winds (and therefore waves) in approaching the beach. Direction of Long-Shore Drift. Short term changes in wind and wave direction causing the curved ends to the spit. Original Coastline Salt Marsh Fastest current at the centre of the river. River Estuary
- 12. Spurn Head
- 13. Spurn Head
- 14. Spurn head 1. Long shore drift takes place in a southerly direction. 2. Where the coast line changes direction LSD continues and deposits sediment starting to form a spit. 3. As the spit has grown there have been a couple of hooked ends caused by a change in the wind direction. 4. The protected waters behind the spit have trapped sediement coming down the river and a salt marsh ecosystem has developed there.