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Mycotic mastitis
Mastitis is an inflammation of the udder caused by various agents, including fungi like Candida, Aspergillus, and others. Symptoms include swelling, loss of appetite, and abnormal milk consistency, with histopathological findings showing neutrophil infiltration and fungal presence. Fungal mastitis can be complicated by the use of antibiotics, which may exacerbate the condition, hence antifungal treatments like nystatin and amphotericin B are recommended.
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Mycotic mastitis
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- 2. MASTITIS • Inflammation ofudder Causative agents include • Bacteria • Fungi • Algae,etc.,
- 3. INTRODUCTION • Associated withover 26 species • Candida spp., Aspergillus spp., Trichosporon spp., Cryptococcus spp., Saccharomyces spp., Penicillium spp., etc. (CARTER, 1995). • Fungi as the cause of mastitis -Rolle (1934), isolated yeasts from five cows being fed on brewery by-products. • Candida is the most common species isolated (Radostitis, 1995).
- 4. • Yeasts andActinomycetes seem to be best adapted to growth in the ducts and acini of the udder yeast yeast actinomycetes
- 5. SYMPTOMS • Gradual developmentof swelling (Pounden et al .,1952) • Loss of appetite and a rise in temperature but absence of toxaemia (Simon et al.,1953) • Swelling in all four quarters within 12 hours (Galli ,1954)
- 6. MILK • Greyish oryellowish floccules have been reported – yeasts (Andersen & Jorgensen, 1949) • A mucilaginous secretion - cryptococcal infection
- 7. MASTITIS - GOAT Markedlyenlarged (about 2 times) right (R) infected Markedly swollen and enlarged right udder half (R) goat 24 hrs after infection with Candida albicans.
- 8. HISTOPATHOLOGY • Marked neutrophilinfiltration • Phagocytosed spores within the macrophages • Extensive fibrosis in the interlobular septa dividing the lobules
- 9. • Pseudohyphae andbudding yeasts of C. albicans mixed with purulent exudate in the lumina of acini
- 10. Geotrichum candidum • Keratinophilicyeast • Extremely rare (mishra and panda, 1986;seddek, 1997; krzyzanowski and sielicka, 1996). • Any injury to teat sphinctures, or unhygienic milking, can lead to its entry. • Milk-watery with thick flakes, and slightly blood tinged
- 11. • Microscopically thefungal mycelia were septate and some were fragmented into rectangular arthrospores • Sensitive only to amphotericin-B.
- 12. DIAGNOSIS • Strip cuptest – change in colour,consistency • Isolation and identification aspergillus candida
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- 14. CLINICAL IMPORTANCE • Administrationof antibiotics may aggravate fungal mastitis as Candida spp. utilize penicillin and tetracyclines as a source of nitrogen (Meek, 1981). candida antibiotic
- 15. TREATMENT Antifungal drugs like:- •Nystatin , natamycin – for yeast mastitis • Amphotericin B – geotrichum