Jacobs, Newman and the Orgone Accumulator
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The document discusses several theorists and concepts related to urban planning and design. It references the works of Jane Jacobs, Oscar Newman, Paul Ritter, and Wilhelm Reich. Some of the key ideas discussed include defining public and private spaces, allowing residents to control areas around their homes, having eyes on the street to increase safety and natural surveillance, and separating motor vehicles from pedestrian paths and gathering spaces.
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According to urban experts crime and fear of crime have long been recognized as a major challenge to sustainable cities. It also has a significant impact on quality of life. In Malaysia the crime index has risen significantly over the last few decades. Local authority plays a role in building cities that are safe for people where effective implementation of CPTED will assist in reducing and preventing crime from occurring. Effective implementation of CPTED can help reduce public expenditure in keeping the city safe. The article concludes that the successful implementation of the CPTED concept in Malaysian cities can be achieved by increasing the awareness and understanding of implementers of the concept. Thus, professionals and policy makers should have an awareness of the importance of CPTED in reducing both the fear of crime and crime rates in the urban environment and thus contribute to urban sustainability.
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This document appears to be part of a larger document on urban design principles. It discusses various tests that can be used to evaluate public spaces, including a use test, timeline test, and nosy neighbor test. It also covers principles like porosity in building facades promoting engagement between public and private realms. Overall, the document focuses on designing public spaces and streets that are inclusive, active, and promote safety through natural surveillance from surrounding buildings.
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Urban planning theories have evolved over time in response to changes in populations, economies, and technologies. Early theories focused on orderly city layouts with separate zones. Hippodamus proposed dividing cities into public and private areas with grids. Howard's Garden Cities aimed to blend urban and rural advantages. Geddes emphasized relationships between people and environments. Later, modernist planners like Le Corbusier proposed high-density "Radiant Cities." Burgess' concentric zone model depicted socio-economic groups arranged in circles. Perry's neighborhood unit promoted walkable communities. Today, multiple nuclei and sector theories recognize dispersed growth around transportation networks.
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2. Urban planning emerged in response to health, social, and economic crises of the Industrial Revolution. Thinkers like Engels documented worker issues while planners tried balancing cities and nature. The parks movement aimed to beautify cities. Garden cities separated homes from industry with greenbelts.
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The document discusses urban planning and city grids. It begins by questioning traditional planning assumptions and doctrines. It then provides examples of cities with artificial grids imposed from the beginning, like Savannah and Manhattan, and how these grids still allowed for organic growth. While grids can result in monotony, they can also provide structure that enables growth. The key is finding the right balance between plot and building size and the street network. With the right framework, the same level of development can be achieved in a more open, organic layout compared to a clustered one.
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- 3. Jane Jacobs Oscar Newman The Death and Life of Great American Cities (1961) Defensible Space (1972)
- 4. Jane Jacobs Oscar Newman ‘ legibility?’ The Death and Life of Great American Cities (1961) Defensible Space (1972)
- 5. Jane Jacobs Oscar Newman The Death and Life of Great American Cities (1961) Defensible Space (1972) Paul Ritter Planning for Man and Motor (1964)
- 12. Space! People!
- 13. Clear demarcation between what is public space and what is private space. Allow residents to control the areas around their homes.
- 14. They cannot turn their backs or blank sides on it and leave it blind. This includes the streets and grounds outside their buildings
- 15. The domain of the house encompasses the street There must be eyes upon the street. Territory!
- 20. Reich's examples of orgonomic functionalism usually involved "antithetical functional pairs" of concepts. Reich would usually draw a symbol that looked something like this: Source: http://pw1.netcom.com/~rogermw/Reich/functionalism.html and then label the two curving arrows on top with two opposing ideas, and the big dot at the bottom with those two ideas' "common functioning principle." mechanist mystic CFP Orgonomic functionalism – a thought technique:
- 21. motor man path
- 23. Is this legible?
- 24. Orgone Accumulator – Hawkwind 1973 I've got an Orgone Accumulator It makes me feel greater I'll see you sometime later When I'm through with my Accumulator It's no social integrator It's a one man isolator It's a back brain stimulator It's a cerebral vibrator
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