This document presents a study that correlates the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) with index properties of soil in the Kolar region of Bhopal, India. Seven soil samples were collected from the study area and tested to determine CBR and index properties including liquid limit, plastic limit, plasticity index, maximum dry density and optimum moisture content. Simple and multiple linear regression analyses were used to develop correlation models between CBR and the index properties. Six single regression models and three multiple regression models were developed with correlation coefficients above 0.8, providing equations to predict CBR based on index properties for soils in the Kolar region.
IRJET- Prediction of CBR Value by using Index Properties of SoilIRJET Journal
The document presents a study that aimed to correlate California Bearing Ratio (CBR) values with index properties of soil to provide an alternative method for estimating CBR. Soil samples were collected from various locations and tested for CBR, liquid limit, plastic limit, optimum moisture content, and maximum dry density. Simple linear regression analysis was used to develop relationships between CBR and individual index properties. Strong correlations were found between CBR and liquid limit (R2=0.955), plasticity index (R2=0.866), optimum moisture content (R2=0.924), and maximum dry density (R2=0.967). Predictive equations were developed for each property. The study provides a faster
Dynamic Cone Penetrometer Value and California Bearing Ratio RelationshipIRJET Journal
This document discusses research into the relationship between Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCPT) values and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) values for different soils. The researchers conducted DCPT and CBR tests on clayey, sandy, and silty soils with varying moisture contents and compaction densities. Previous studies found direct linear relationships between DCPT and CBR values that depend on soil properties. The goal of this study is to determine the DCPT-CBR relationship for different soils and examine the effect of moisture and compaction. Establishing a reliable DCPT-CBR correlation could provide a quicker and cheaper way to estimate soil strength for pavement design.
This document summarizes a study on the effect of soaking on the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) of lateritic soils along the Ibadan-Oyo highway in Nigeria. Samples were taken from two locations and tested for various geotechnical properties before and after soaking. The results showed significant decreases in CBR of up to 78% after soaking, even with small increases in moisture content. The document concludes that adequate drainage systems must be designed for highways using these soils to prevent water ingress and maintain soil strength. Samples from one location had better properties and were used to stabilize weaker samples from the other location, but soaking still greatly reduced the CBR of all soils.
Presentation on "Asperities effect on polypropylene & polyester geotextile-ge...Damilare Daniel Adeleke
This study evaluated the effect of geomembrane surface asperities on the shear behavior of polypropylene and polyester geotextile-geomembrane interfaces. Tests were conducted on smooth and textured geomembranes with varying asperity heights and densities. Results showed that textured geomembranes had higher peak and large displacement friction angles compared to smooth geomembranes. Polyester interfaces exhibited higher shear strength than polypropylene interfaces. Increasing asperity volume from 2.39 to 4.01 resulted in an average 19% increase in friction angle. The findings can help increase the design life of landfill liners by improving interface shear strength.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Classification and Assessment of Soil Compaction Level in Amassoma, Bayelsa S...Premier Publishers
Soil compaction is essential in construction. The failure to displace air from between particles when constructing buildings, roads, parking lots, dams, walls, swimming pools, or utility trench inevitably leads to unwanted soil movement and water penetration into the earth beneath construction projects.Soil compaction is one of the most important aspects of any earthwork construction. Assessing the level of compaction of soil in Amassoma is to ascertain the compatibility or rate of compaction of the underlining earth materials (soils).Nine (9) samples were collected at regular intervals of 1m, 2m, 3m, 4m, 5m, 6m, 7m, 8m and 9m which were used for the analyses. The samples collected were subjected to different laboratory test to determine the index properties and the level of compaction of the soil. Sieve analysis result of the samples shows that the percentage of fines and sands are in the range of 21.57%-63.20% and 36.80% and78.73%, respectively.Atterberg result also shows that the soil liquid limit (LL) is in the range of 48.51%-54.90% plastic limit (PL) ranges from 29/13%-36.51% and 14.78%-25.18% for plastic index (PI). Another experiment shows that the value of maximum Dry Density (MD) and Optimum Moisture Content (OMC) are 1.70g/cm3 and 18 40%. The analysis done for this work reveals that the soil in the area (Amassoma) can be classified as medium to high plastic soil (unified soil classification system) and that the soil in moderately compacted. Comparing the CBR test results with the Nigeria standard, the soils found in Amassoma can be used as sub-grade materials for construction.
Stabilizing Slopes using Wastes from IndustriesIRJET Journal
The document discusses stabilizing slopes using industrial wastes. It analyzes a slope using GeoStudio software and stabilizes the soil through additive stabilization with wastes like ground granulated blast furnace slag, glass powder, and hypo sludge. Tests found these wastes increased the soil's maximum dry density, cohesion, and factor of safety against slope failure. Specifically, adding 10% blast furnace slag yielded a maximum dry density of 19.8 kN/m3 and factor of safety of 1.05 under normal conditions.
Sustainable stabilization of sulfate bearing soils with expansive soil-rubber...Mahir Badanagki, Ph.D.
The beneficial use of scrap tire rubber mixed with expansive soils is of interest to civil engineering
applications since the swell percent and the swell pressure can be potentially reduced with no deleterious
effect to the shear strength of the mixture. The two main objectives of this research were (1) to propose a
new subgrade soil stabilization protocol to allow CDOT to rely upon an alternative stabilization method that
is not subject to the typical problems associated with calcium-based stabilization of sulfate-rich soils, and
(2) to develop a new database of MEPDG parameters for local soil samples obtained from CDOT and to
provide advanced testing and analysis of the stiffness degradation of these materials.
IRJET- Prediction of CBR Value by using Index Properties of SoilIRJET Journal
The document presents a study that aimed to correlate California Bearing Ratio (CBR) values with index properties of soil to provide an alternative method for estimating CBR. Soil samples were collected from various locations and tested for CBR, liquid limit, plastic limit, optimum moisture content, and maximum dry density. Simple linear regression analysis was used to develop relationships between CBR and individual index properties. Strong correlations were found between CBR and liquid limit (R2=0.955), plasticity index (R2=0.866), optimum moisture content (R2=0.924), and maximum dry density (R2=0.967). Predictive equations were developed for each property. The study provides a faster
Dynamic Cone Penetrometer Value and California Bearing Ratio RelationshipIRJET Journal
This document discusses research into the relationship between Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCPT) values and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) values for different soils. The researchers conducted DCPT and CBR tests on clayey, sandy, and silty soils with varying moisture contents and compaction densities. Previous studies found direct linear relationships between DCPT and CBR values that depend on soil properties. The goal of this study is to determine the DCPT-CBR relationship for different soils and examine the effect of moisture and compaction. Establishing a reliable DCPT-CBR correlation could provide a quicker and cheaper way to estimate soil strength for pavement design.
This document summarizes a study on the effect of soaking on the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) of lateritic soils along the Ibadan-Oyo highway in Nigeria. Samples were taken from two locations and tested for various geotechnical properties before and after soaking. The results showed significant decreases in CBR of up to 78% after soaking, even with small increases in moisture content. The document concludes that adequate drainage systems must be designed for highways using these soils to prevent water ingress and maintain soil strength. Samples from one location had better properties and were used to stabilize weaker samples from the other location, but soaking still greatly reduced the CBR of all soils.
Presentation on "Asperities effect on polypropylene & polyester geotextile-ge...Damilare Daniel Adeleke
This study evaluated the effect of geomembrane surface asperities on the shear behavior of polypropylene and polyester geotextile-geomembrane interfaces. Tests were conducted on smooth and textured geomembranes with varying asperity heights and densities. Results showed that textured geomembranes had higher peak and large displacement friction angles compared to smooth geomembranes. Polyester interfaces exhibited higher shear strength than polypropylene interfaces. Increasing asperity volume from 2.39 to 4.01 resulted in an average 19% increase in friction angle. The findings can help increase the design life of landfill liners by improving interface shear strength.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Classification and Assessment of Soil Compaction Level in Amassoma, Bayelsa S...Premier Publishers
Soil compaction is essential in construction. The failure to displace air from between particles when constructing buildings, roads, parking lots, dams, walls, swimming pools, or utility trench inevitably leads to unwanted soil movement and water penetration into the earth beneath construction projects.Soil compaction is one of the most important aspects of any earthwork construction. Assessing the level of compaction of soil in Amassoma is to ascertain the compatibility or rate of compaction of the underlining earth materials (soils).Nine (9) samples were collected at regular intervals of 1m, 2m, 3m, 4m, 5m, 6m, 7m, 8m and 9m which were used for the analyses. The samples collected were subjected to different laboratory test to determine the index properties and the level of compaction of the soil. Sieve analysis result of the samples shows that the percentage of fines and sands are in the range of 21.57%-63.20% and 36.80% and78.73%, respectively.Atterberg result also shows that the soil liquid limit (LL) is in the range of 48.51%-54.90% plastic limit (PL) ranges from 29/13%-36.51% and 14.78%-25.18% for plastic index (PI). Another experiment shows that the value of maximum Dry Density (MD) and Optimum Moisture Content (OMC) are 1.70g/cm3 and 18 40%. The analysis done for this work reveals that the soil in the area (Amassoma) can be classified as medium to high plastic soil (unified soil classification system) and that the soil in moderately compacted. Comparing the CBR test results with the Nigeria standard, the soils found in Amassoma can be used as sub-grade materials for construction.
Stabilizing Slopes using Wastes from IndustriesIRJET Journal
The document discusses stabilizing slopes using industrial wastes. It analyzes a slope using GeoStudio software and stabilizes the soil through additive stabilization with wastes like ground granulated blast furnace slag, glass powder, and hypo sludge. Tests found these wastes increased the soil's maximum dry density, cohesion, and factor of safety against slope failure. Specifically, adding 10% blast furnace slag yielded a maximum dry density of 19.8 kN/m3 and factor of safety of 1.05 under normal conditions.
Sustainable stabilization of sulfate bearing soils with expansive soil-rubber...Mahir Badanagki, Ph.D.
The beneficial use of scrap tire rubber mixed with expansive soils is of interest to civil engineering
applications since the swell percent and the swell pressure can be potentially reduced with no deleterious
effect to the shear strength of the mixture. The two main objectives of this research were (1) to propose a
new subgrade soil stabilization protocol to allow CDOT to rely upon an alternative stabilization method that
is not subject to the typical problems associated with calcium-based stabilization of sulfate-rich soils, and
(2) to develop a new database of MEPDG parameters for local soil samples obtained from CDOT and to
provide advanced testing and analysis of the stiffness degradation of these materials.
IRJET- Compaction Behavior of China Clay-Sand MixturesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the compaction behavior of mixtures of china clay and sand. Laboratory tests were conducted to determine compaction parameters like maximum dry density and optimum moisture content using standard, reduced standard, modified, and reduced modified Proctor tests. Correlations were developed to estimate compaction parameters based on the index properties of the mixtures, including liquid limit, plastic limit, and specific gravity. The correlations could help minimize field efforts and costs by predicting compaction behavior from basic soil properties.
IRJET- Correlation Analysis of Soil for Medinipur Region with Special Ref...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on developing correlations between California Bearing Ratio (CBR) values and other soil properties for alluvial clayey soils in the Medinipur region of West Bengal, India. It reviews several existing correlations between CBR and other simple tests like the dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP) test and Clegg Impact Value (CIV) test. The goal of the research was to establish a correlation between CBR and plasticity index or percentage finer using a large dataset of soil samples from the region, in order to enable prediction of CBR from simpler tests for pavement design where limited CBR testing is performed.
Soil Strengthening using Waste MaterialsIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on using waste materials to strengthen soil. Specifically, it examines using fines from demolished concrete structures and polypropylene fibers from plastic waste to improve the properties of clayey soil. Laboratory tests were conducted to determine the maximum dry density and optimum moisture content of plain soil, soil mixed with 10% concrete fines, and reinforced soil with added polypropylene fibers at lengths of 10mm, 20mm, and 30mm. The study found that mixing the soil with 10% concrete fines improved its dry density and moisture content compared to plain soil. Adding polypropylene fibers further increased the dry density. The aim is to utilize waste materials to strengthen soil for foundation and construction purposes in a cost-
The document presents the results of a study that used linear regression to correlate index properties and California bearing ratio (CBR) values of lateritic soil samples collected from eight borrow pits in Osogbo, Nigeria. Laboratory tests on the samples found good correlations between CBR and properties like grain size, liquid limit, plastic limit, and maximum dry density. Regression equations were developed to estimate CBR values from index properties for preliminary assessments, though actual CBR tests are still needed given the heterogeneous nature of lateritic soils. The CBR values ranged from 64-85% unsoaked and 26-33% soaked. Most samples met specifications for subgrade, sub-base, and base materials, except two had lower soaked CBR
Study on Consolidation and Correlation with Index Properties Of Different Soi...IJERD Editor
The document discusses a study on correlating the coefficient of consolidation (cv) of different soils in Manipur Valley with their index properties. One-dimensional consolidation tests were conducted on five undisturbed soil samples collected from different locations. The cv was determined and found to correlate best with the liquid limit. Specifically:
1) Consolidation tests were conducted and cv values ranging from 1.02x10^-8 to 6.27x10^-9 m^2/sec were obtained.
2) cv was found to increase with effective vertical pressure up to 40kPa and then remain similar for higher pressures.
3) cv showed better correlation with the liquid limit than other index properties like plasticity index
This document describes a study that used artificial neural networks (ANN) and multiple linear regression (MLR) to predict the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) of fine-grained soils based on other soil properties. Forty soil samples were collected and tested to determine properties like liquid limit, plastic limit, optimum moisture content, maximum dry density, and percentage fines. Ten different predictive models using different combinations of these properties as inputs were developed using MLR and ANN. The results showed that ANN models produced better predictions of CBR than MLR models, with the best ANN model having a correlation coefficient of 0.94 compared to 0.86 for the best MLR model. This indicates ANN may be an effective
Recycled Technology of Urban Road Construction Waste and Miscellaneous Fill U...Jinsong (Jason) Fan
The document discusses recycled technology for using urban road construction waste and miscellaneous fill as subgrade fillings. Four soil specimens were collected and tested to evaluate their properties. Specimen A did not meet requirements and was treated with lime to improve strength and compaction. Cold recycling technology, soil solidification, and heavy-tamping methods were identified as effective treatment techniques. The results indicate the potential for reusing and treating waste materials as subgrade fillings in road construction projects to promote sustainability.
IRJET- Correlation between CBR Values and Plasticity Index of Soil for Birbhu...IRJET Journal
This document discusses correlations between California Bearing Ratio (CBR) values and other soil properties for soils in the Birbhum region of India. It reviews several existing correlations between CBR and other simple tests like the dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP) test and Clegg Impact Value (CIV) test. The document aims to develop a new correlation between CBR and plasticity index for alluvial clayey soils in the region using a large database of soil test results. This will allow engineers to more easily predict CBR from simpler tests for road design and construction projects.
IRJET- Prediction of Soaked CBR Values for Medium Plastic Soil from Simple La...IRJET Journal
This document discusses various methods for predicting California Bearing Ratio (CBR) values through simple laboratory tests and correlations. It reviews existing correlations between CBR and tests like the Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP) and Clegg Impact Value (CIV). It also examines correlations between CBR and simple laboratory properties like liquid limit, plastic limit, plasticity index, optimum moisture content, and maximum dry density. The document concludes by noting that while many studies have explored these relationships, further research is still needed to develop accurate and reliable methods for predicting CBR through basic soil properties and tests.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IRJET- Finding a Suitable Correlation between CBR and Different Index Propert...IRJET Journal
This document discusses finding a suitable correlation between the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) and different index properties for high plastic soil. It reviews existing correlations that have been proposed between CBR and simple field/laboratory tests like the dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP) test and Clegg Impact Value (CIV) test. The goal is to develop a framework for predicting CBR from percentage finer and plasticity index tests, which are simpler and less time-consuming than the CBR test itself. The proposed correlation will be established through graphical analysis of a large number of test results on soil samples collected from different sites in India.
IRJET- Correlation between CBR Values and Plasticity Index of Soil for Kolkat...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes previous research that attempted to correlate California Bearing Ratio (CBR) values with other simple soil properties to provide easier estimation of CBR. It describes correlations developed between CBR and properties such as dynamic cone penetration values, Clegg impact values, liquid limit, plasticity index, optimum moisture content, and maximum dry density. However, it notes that existing correlations are empirical and may only be reliable for the specific soil types and conditions they were developed for. It concludes there is still a need for further study to develop more generalized correlations that can reliably predict CBR for a wider range of soils.
Effect of Bentonite on Compaction Characteristics of SoilIRJET Journal
The document discusses the effect of bentonite content on the compaction characteristics of soil. Laboratory tests were conducted on soil from Kadapa, India with different percentages of added bentonite content. The tests showed that liquid limit and plastic limit decreased with increasing bentonite content. Maximum dry density increased continuously from 1.4 g/cc to 1.98 g/cc with bentonite content increasing from 0% to 10%. Optimum moisture content initially decreased and then increased with bentonite content, ranging from 9.4% to 12.4%. In general, the study found that bentonite content increases the maximum dry density of soil and decreases the liquid limit and plastic limit.
IRJET- Effects of Varying Recycled Glass and Groundnut Shell Ash on Strength ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that examined the effects of incorporating recycled glass and groundnut shell ash (GSA) on the strength and durability properties of self-consolidating high performance concrete (SCHPC). Concrete cubes containing varying percentages (0-40%) of recycled glass as aggregate and GSA as a binder additive were produced and tested. Test results showed that SCHPC incorporating GSA and recycled glass had improved rheological and mechanical properties compared to the control concrete when cured in calcium chloride and magnesium sulfate solutions. Incorporating these waste materials in SCHPC can provide environmental benefits while also improving concrete properties.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Prediction of compaction charecteristics of soil using plastic limiteSAT Journals
Abstract In all kinds of earthwork constructions, the laboratory determination of the compaction characteristics of the soils plays an important role. Soil compaction is defined as the method of increasing the density of the soil by application of mechanical energy. The principal reason for the compaction of the soil is to produce a soil mass which can satisfy the three basic criteria. Firstly, the reduction of subsequent settlement of the soil mass, under working loads. Secondly, for the reduction in permeability which will subsequently avoid built up of large water pressures causing liquefaction problems and is also important for retaining water in case of earth dams. Thirdly, it is used for increasing the shear strength of the soils. But the determination of compaction characteristics in laboratory is laborious. It requires significant time and effort. Hence, there is a necessity for prediction of compaction characteristics with the help of correlating it with index properties of soil which can be determined easily. The plastic limit of soil can be found effortlessly and it bears a good correlation with compaction characteristic, namely optimum moisture content (OMC). In this paper, a study is conducted on nine types of fine grained soils like black cotton soil, red clay, china clay, marine clay, silty clay etc. collected from different parts of Telengana and Andhra Pradesh. And a simple equation has been suggested using regression analysis to obtain the optimum moisture content of a soil from the plastic limit, thereby eliminating the dependence of the proctor test for determination of OMC. Keywords: Compaction, plastic limit, optimum moisture content, Fine grained soils, Proctor test
This document evaluates the use of ultrasonic pulse velocity testing to determine compaction characteristics of expansive clays stabilized with granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS). Standard Proctor tests were conducted on clay specimens with 0-25% GGBS to determine optimum moisture content and maximum dry density. Ultrasonic pulse velocity tests on the specimens showed that velocity increased with GGBS content and dry density up to optimum moisture, then decreased with further water content. Slabs were also cast and tested, showing slightly lower velocities than laboratory specimens. Cores from the slabs validated the densities, demonstrating ultrasonic pulse velocity can be a non-destructive alternative to conventional compaction testing methods.
Structural design and economic evaluation of roller compacted concrete pavementSalih Taner YILDIRIM
Abut, Y., & Yildirim, S. T. (2017, October). Structural design and economic evaluation of roller compacted concrete pavement with recycled aggregates. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 245, No. 2, p. 022064). IOP Publishing.
The document is a laboratory manual for introductory geotechnical engineering and environmental engineering applications. It outlines 20 standard laboratory experiments and tests for characterizing soils, including procedures for site investigation, moisture content, organic content, specific gravity, sieve analysis, Atterberg limits, soil classification, consolidation, compaction, permeability, and shear strength. The suggested schedule provides recommendations for which tests civil engineering and environmental engineering majors should focus on each week to complete all experiments over a 13-week semester.
This document summarizes a study that correlated the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) value of coarse-grained soils with index properties and engineering properties. Disturbed soil samples were collected from eight locations in Jabalpur, India and tested to determine CBR, optimum moisture content, maximum dry density, and particle size distribution. Simple and multiple linear regression analyses were used to develop correlations between CBR and properties like OMC, MDD, and coefficient of uniformity. A multiple regression equation was developed that could predict CBR with 97.2% accuracy based on OMC, MDD, D60, and D30. The study concluded that CBR correlates well with properties like coefficient of uniformity and decreases with increased
IRJET- Prediction of Cbr Value from Index Properties Of SoilIRJET Journal
This document presents a study that aims to develop models for predicting the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) value of soil from index properties that are quicker to determine than the standard CBR test. The CBR test takes 4 days to complete but engineers need a quicker assessment of soil strength. The researchers collected soil samples and conducted tests like sieve analysis, Atterberg limits, standard Proctor, and CBR to determine properties like liquid limit, plastic limit, optimum moisture content, and maximum dry density. Correlations between CBR and individual properties showed varying strengths. Multiple linear regression analysis was then used to develop prediction models incorporating several properties. The models will help engineers assess soil strength more rapidly.
IRJET- Effect of Roughness of Rectangular Combined Footing based on Ultimate ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes the results of an experimental study on the effect of roughness of the base of a rectangular combined footing on its ultimate bearing capacity and settlement in cohesive soil. Laboratory tests were conducted on model footings placed in a steel tank filled with locally sourced cohesive soil. Tests were performed with footing bases that were smooth and rough. The tests measured settlement under increasing loads. The results showed that rough footing bases experienced less settlement than smooth bases under the same loads, indicating that roughness improves a footing's bearing capacity and reduces settlement in cohesive soils. Prior research that found soil confinement around footings improves bearing capacity in granular soils is also cited.
IRJET- Compaction Behavior of China Clay-Sand MixturesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the compaction behavior of mixtures of china clay and sand. Laboratory tests were conducted to determine compaction parameters like maximum dry density and optimum moisture content using standard, reduced standard, modified, and reduced modified Proctor tests. Correlations were developed to estimate compaction parameters based on the index properties of the mixtures, including liquid limit, plastic limit, and specific gravity. The correlations could help minimize field efforts and costs by predicting compaction behavior from basic soil properties.
IRJET- Correlation Analysis of Soil for Medinipur Region with Special Ref...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on developing correlations between California Bearing Ratio (CBR) values and other soil properties for alluvial clayey soils in the Medinipur region of West Bengal, India. It reviews several existing correlations between CBR and other simple tests like the dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP) test and Clegg Impact Value (CIV) test. The goal of the research was to establish a correlation between CBR and plasticity index or percentage finer using a large dataset of soil samples from the region, in order to enable prediction of CBR from simpler tests for pavement design where limited CBR testing is performed.
Soil Strengthening using Waste MaterialsIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on using waste materials to strengthen soil. Specifically, it examines using fines from demolished concrete structures and polypropylene fibers from plastic waste to improve the properties of clayey soil. Laboratory tests were conducted to determine the maximum dry density and optimum moisture content of plain soil, soil mixed with 10% concrete fines, and reinforced soil with added polypropylene fibers at lengths of 10mm, 20mm, and 30mm. The study found that mixing the soil with 10% concrete fines improved its dry density and moisture content compared to plain soil. Adding polypropylene fibers further increased the dry density. The aim is to utilize waste materials to strengthen soil for foundation and construction purposes in a cost-
The document presents the results of a study that used linear regression to correlate index properties and California bearing ratio (CBR) values of lateritic soil samples collected from eight borrow pits in Osogbo, Nigeria. Laboratory tests on the samples found good correlations between CBR and properties like grain size, liquid limit, plastic limit, and maximum dry density. Regression equations were developed to estimate CBR values from index properties for preliminary assessments, though actual CBR tests are still needed given the heterogeneous nature of lateritic soils. The CBR values ranged from 64-85% unsoaked and 26-33% soaked. Most samples met specifications for subgrade, sub-base, and base materials, except two had lower soaked CBR
Study on Consolidation and Correlation with Index Properties Of Different Soi...IJERD Editor
The document discusses a study on correlating the coefficient of consolidation (cv) of different soils in Manipur Valley with their index properties. One-dimensional consolidation tests were conducted on five undisturbed soil samples collected from different locations. The cv was determined and found to correlate best with the liquid limit. Specifically:
1) Consolidation tests were conducted and cv values ranging from 1.02x10^-8 to 6.27x10^-9 m^2/sec were obtained.
2) cv was found to increase with effective vertical pressure up to 40kPa and then remain similar for higher pressures.
3) cv showed better correlation with the liquid limit than other index properties like plasticity index
This document describes a study that used artificial neural networks (ANN) and multiple linear regression (MLR) to predict the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) of fine-grained soils based on other soil properties. Forty soil samples were collected and tested to determine properties like liquid limit, plastic limit, optimum moisture content, maximum dry density, and percentage fines. Ten different predictive models using different combinations of these properties as inputs were developed using MLR and ANN. The results showed that ANN models produced better predictions of CBR than MLR models, with the best ANN model having a correlation coefficient of 0.94 compared to 0.86 for the best MLR model. This indicates ANN may be an effective
Recycled Technology of Urban Road Construction Waste and Miscellaneous Fill U...Jinsong (Jason) Fan
The document discusses recycled technology for using urban road construction waste and miscellaneous fill as subgrade fillings. Four soil specimens were collected and tested to evaluate their properties. Specimen A did not meet requirements and was treated with lime to improve strength and compaction. Cold recycling technology, soil solidification, and heavy-tamping methods were identified as effective treatment techniques. The results indicate the potential for reusing and treating waste materials as subgrade fillings in road construction projects to promote sustainability.
IRJET- Correlation between CBR Values and Plasticity Index of Soil for Birbhu...IRJET Journal
This document discusses correlations between California Bearing Ratio (CBR) values and other soil properties for soils in the Birbhum region of India. It reviews several existing correlations between CBR and other simple tests like the dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP) test and Clegg Impact Value (CIV) test. The document aims to develop a new correlation between CBR and plasticity index for alluvial clayey soils in the region using a large database of soil test results. This will allow engineers to more easily predict CBR from simpler tests for road design and construction projects.
IRJET- Prediction of Soaked CBR Values for Medium Plastic Soil from Simple La...IRJET Journal
This document discusses various methods for predicting California Bearing Ratio (CBR) values through simple laboratory tests and correlations. It reviews existing correlations between CBR and tests like the Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP) and Clegg Impact Value (CIV). It also examines correlations between CBR and simple laboratory properties like liquid limit, plastic limit, plasticity index, optimum moisture content, and maximum dry density. The document concludes by noting that while many studies have explored these relationships, further research is still needed to develop accurate and reliable methods for predicting CBR through basic soil properties and tests.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IRJET- Finding a Suitable Correlation between CBR and Different Index Propert...IRJET Journal
This document discusses finding a suitable correlation between the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) and different index properties for high plastic soil. It reviews existing correlations that have been proposed between CBR and simple field/laboratory tests like the dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP) test and Clegg Impact Value (CIV) test. The goal is to develop a framework for predicting CBR from percentage finer and plasticity index tests, which are simpler and less time-consuming than the CBR test itself. The proposed correlation will be established through graphical analysis of a large number of test results on soil samples collected from different sites in India.
IRJET- Correlation between CBR Values and Plasticity Index of Soil for Kolkat...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes previous research that attempted to correlate California Bearing Ratio (CBR) values with other simple soil properties to provide easier estimation of CBR. It describes correlations developed between CBR and properties such as dynamic cone penetration values, Clegg impact values, liquid limit, plasticity index, optimum moisture content, and maximum dry density. However, it notes that existing correlations are empirical and may only be reliable for the specific soil types and conditions they were developed for. It concludes there is still a need for further study to develop more generalized correlations that can reliably predict CBR for a wider range of soils.
Effect of Bentonite on Compaction Characteristics of SoilIRJET Journal
The document discusses the effect of bentonite content on the compaction characteristics of soil. Laboratory tests were conducted on soil from Kadapa, India with different percentages of added bentonite content. The tests showed that liquid limit and plastic limit decreased with increasing bentonite content. Maximum dry density increased continuously from 1.4 g/cc to 1.98 g/cc with bentonite content increasing from 0% to 10%. Optimum moisture content initially decreased and then increased with bentonite content, ranging from 9.4% to 12.4%. In general, the study found that bentonite content increases the maximum dry density of soil and decreases the liquid limit and plastic limit.
IRJET- Effects of Varying Recycled Glass and Groundnut Shell Ash on Strength ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that examined the effects of incorporating recycled glass and groundnut shell ash (GSA) on the strength and durability properties of self-consolidating high performance concrete (SCHPC). Concrete cubes containing varying percentages (0-40%) of recycled glass as aggregate and GSA as a binder additive were produced and tested. Test results showed that SCHPC incorporating GSA and recycled glass had improved rheological and mechanical properties compared to the control concrete when cured in calcium chloride and magnesium sulfate solutions. Incorporating these waste materials in SCHPC can provide environmental benefits while also improving concrete properties.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Prediction of compaction charecteristics of soil using plastic limiteSAT Journals
Abstract In all kinds of earthwork constructions, the laboratory determination of the compaction characteristics of the soils plays an important role. Soil compaction is defined as the method of increasing the density of the soil by application of mechanical energy. The principal reason for the compaction of the soil is to produce a soil mass which can satisfy the three basic criteria. Firstly, the reduction of subsequent settlement of the soil mass, under working loads. Secondly, for the reduction in permeability which will subsequently avoid built up of large water pressures causing liquefaction problems and is also important for retaining water in case of earth dams. Thirdly, it is used for increasing the shear strength of the soils. But the determination of compaction characteristics in laboratory is laborious. It requires significant time and effort. Hence, there is a necessity for prediction of compaction characteristics with the help of correlating it with index properties of soil which can be determined easily. The plastic limit of soil can be found effortlessly and it bears a good correlation with compaction characteristic, namely optimum moisture content (OMC). In this paper, a study is conducted on nine types of fine grained soils like black cotton soil, red clay, china clay, marine clay, silty clay etc. collected from different parts of Telengana and Andhra Pradesh. And a simple equation has been suggested using regression analysis to obtain the optimum moisture content of a soil from the plastic limit, thereby eliminating the dependence of the proctor test for determination of OMC. Keywords: Compaction, plastic limit, optimum moisture content, Fine grained soils, Proctor test
This document evaluates the use of ultrasonic pulse velocity testing to determine compaction characteristics of expansive clays stabilized with granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS). Standard Proctor tests were conducted on clay specimens with 0-25% GGBS to determine optimum moisture content and maximum dry density. Ultrasonic pulse velocity tests on the specimens showed that velocity increased with GGBS content and dry density up to optimum moisture, then decreased with further water content. Slabs were also cast and tested, showing slightly lower velocities than laboratory specimens. Cores from the slabs validated the densities, demonstrating ultrasonic pulse velocity can be a non-destructive alternative to conventional compaction testing methods.
Structural design and economic evaluation of roller compacted concrete pavementSalih Taner YILDIRIM
Abut, Y., & Yildirim, S. T. (2017, October). Structural design and economic evaluation of roller compacted concrete pavement with recycled aggregates. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 245, No. 2, p. 022064). IOP Publishing.
The document is a laboratory manual for introductory geotechnical engineering and environmental engineering applications. It outlines 20 standard laboratory experiments and tests for characterizing soils, including procedures for site investigation, moisture content, organic content, specific gravity, sieve analysis, Atterberg limits, soil classification, consolidation, compaction, permeability, and shear strength. The suggested schedule provides recommendations for which tests civil engineering and environmental engineering majors should focus on each week to complete all experiments over a 13-week semester.
This document summarizes a study that correlated the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) value of coarse-grained soils with index properties and engineering properties. Disturbed soil samples were collected from eight locations in Jabalpur, India and tested to determine CBR, optimum moisture content, maximum dry density, and particle size distribution. Simple and multiple linear regression analyses were used to develop correlations between CBR and properties like OMC, MDD, and coefficient of uniformity. A multiple regression equation was developed that could predict CBR with 97.2% accuracy based on OMC, MDD, D60, and D30. The study concluded that CBR correlates well with properties like coefficient of uniformity and decreases with increased
IRJET- Prediction of Cbr Value from Index Properties Of SoilIRJET Journal
This document presents a study that aims to develop models for predicting the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) value of soil from index properties that are quicker to determine than the standard CBR test. The CBR test takes 4 days to complete but engineers need a quicker assessment of soil strength. The researchers collected soil samples and conducted tests like sieve analysis, Atterberg limits, standard Proctor, and CBR to determine properties like liquid limit, plastic limit, optimum moisture content, and maximum dry density. Correlations between CBR and individual properties showed varying strengths. Multiple linear regression analysis was then used to develop prediction models incorporating several properties. The models will help engineers assess soil strength more rapidly.
IRJET- Effect of Roughness of Rectangular Combined Footing based on Ultimate ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes the results of an experimental study on the effect of roughness of the base of a rectangular combined footing on its ultimate bearing capacity and settlement in cohesive soil. Laboratory tests were conducted on model footings placed in a steel tank filled with locally sourced cohesive soil. Tests were performed with footing bases that were smooth and rough. The tests measured settlement under increasing loads. The results showed that rough footing bases experienced less settlement than smooth bases under the same loads, indicating that roughness improves a footing's bearing capacity and reduces settlement in cohesive soils. Prior research that found soil confinement around footings improves bearing capacity in granular soils is also cited.
IRJET- Soil Stabilization by using Jute FibreIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on soil stabilization using jute fibre. The researchers mixed jute fibre at varying percentages between 0.25-1% with fine sand to improve its engineering properties. Tests found that adding jute fibre significantly increased the unconfined compressive strength and California bearing ratio of the soil. Specifically, a 1% addition of jute fibre maximized the strength properties of the soil-jute mixture. The study concluded that mixing jute fibre improves the load bearing capacity of soils, making them more suitable for construction applications.
IRJET- Soil Stabilization by using Jute FibreIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on soil stabilization using jute fibre. The researchers mixed jute fibre at varying percentages between 0.25-1% with fine sand to improve its engineering properties. Tests found that adding jute fibre significantly increased the unconfined compressive strength and California bearing ratio of the soil. Specifically, a 1% addition of jute fibre maximized the strength properties of the soil-jute mixture. The study concluded that mixing jute fibre improves the load bearing capacity of soils, making them more suitable for construction applications.
IRJET- Use of Locally Available Material for Stabilizing Expansive SoilIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research into using locally available materials to stabilize expansive soil for road construction. Expansive soil has very low strength and high shrinkage, making it a poor foundation material. The study aimed to improve the strength of expansive soil from Olpad, India, measured by its CBR value, through mixing it with local materials. Tests found that mixing the soil with 25% yellow soil, 15% stone dust and 10% grit increased the CBR by 3-5% and the soil's maximum dry density, while decreasing the optimum moisture content. This provides an economical way to stabilize expansive soil for building village roads compared to other commercial stabilizers.
Laboratory investigation of expansive soil stabilized with natural inorganic ...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Soil stabilization has proven to be one of the oldest techniques to improve the soil properties. Literature review conducted revealed
that uses of natural inorganic stabilizers are found to be one of the best options for soil stabilization. In this regard an attempt has
been made to evaluate the influence of RBI-81 stabilizer on properties of black cotton soil through laboratory investigations. Black
cotton soil with varying percentages of RBI-81 viz., 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 percent were studied for moisture density relationships
and strength behaviour of soils. Also the effect of curing period was evaluated as literature review clearly emphasized the strength
gain of soils stabilized with RBI-81 over a period of time. The results obtained shows that the unconfined compressive strength of
specimens treated with RBI-81 increased approximately by 250% for a curing period of 28 days as compared to virgin soil. Further
the CBR value improved approximately by 400%. The studies indicated an increasing trend for soil strength behaviour with
increasing percentage of RBI-81 suggesting its potential applications in soil stabilization.
Keywords: RBI- 81, UCS, CBR.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Laboratory investigation of expansive soil stabilized with natural inorganic ...eSAT Journals
This document summarizes a study on stabilizing expansive black cotton soil with the natural inorganic stabilizer RBI-81. Laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the effect of RBI-81 on the soil's engineering properties. The tests showed that with 2% RBI-81 and 28 days of curing, the unconfined compressive strength increased by around 250% and the CBR value improved by approximately 400% compared to the untreated soil. Overall, the study found that RBI-81 effectively improved the strength properties of the black cotton soil and its suitability as a soil stabilizer was supported.
IRJET- Soil Stabilisation with Municipal Solid Waste AshIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on using municipal solid waste ash to stabilize soil. The study analyzed various engineering properties of soil samples with different percentages of added waste ash. Tests were conducted to determine moisture content, specific gravity, liquid limit, plastic limit, shrinkage limit, unconfined compressive strength, and California bearing ratio of the treated soil samples. The results showed that adding up to 15% municipal solid waste ash can improve the engineering properties of soil, increasing strength as indicated by higher unconfined compressive strength and California bearing ratio values.
IRJET- Stabilisation of Gravel Soil by using Plastic Bottle WasteIRJET Journal
The document summarizes a study on stabilizing gravel soil using plastic bottle waste. The study aimed to increase the density and bearing capacity of soil while providing an alternative solution for disposing plastic waste. Various tests were conducted including standard proctor compaction, California bearing ratio, and plate load tests. The optimum plastic content was found to be 0.6% by weight, as higher percentages decreased strength. CBR values increased from 1.967 for plain soil to 2.479 with 0.6% plastic addition. The study demonstrates using plastic waste to stabilize soil can improve engineering properties in an economical way while reducing plastic disposal problems.
IRJET- Effect of Saw Dust Ash and Lime on Expansive Soil (Black Cotton Soil)IRJET Journal
The document describes a study on the effect of adding saw dust ash (SDA) and lime on the properties of expansive black cotton soil. Various tests were conducted on soil samples with 0%, 1-5% additions of SDA and lime by weight, including liquid limit, plastic limit, standard proctor, unconfined compression, and CBR tests. The results showed that adding SDA and lime generally decreased the liquid limit and increased the maximum dry density, unconfined compression strength, and CBR compared to untreated soil. The 2% addition of each (SDA and lime) produced the best results with decreases in liquid limit and increases in strength.
IRJET-Evaluation of the Impact of Municipal Solid Waste on Soil Properties in...IRJET Journal
The document evaluates the impact of municipal solid waste on soil properties in Kannahalli, Karnataka, India. Soil samples were collected from two locations at a landfill site - below the landfill and 90 feet away. Tests showed chemical and geotechnical properties were affected by contamination. The contaminated soil had higher alkalinity, BOD, COD, liquid limit and permeability compared to uncontaminated soil. Compaction testing found contaminated soil had higher optimum moisture content and lower maximum dry density. Shear strength and unconfined compression strength were also lower for contaminated soil. The study concluded disposal of municipal solid waste negatively impacts soil characteristics.
Effect of Pollutants on Permeability Characteristics of SoilIRJET Journal
The document studies the effect of various pollutants like sodium chloride, sodium carbonate, and calcium carbonate on the permeability characteristics of two different soil samples. It found that as the percentage of sodium chloride increased, the permeability of both soil samples increased, likely due to a flocculated soil structure forming. The effects of sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate on permeability were found to be similar to sodium chloride, with permeability generally increasing as the percentage of pollutant added increased.
2016133741 peb 802 capstone design project ii progress assessment 1vishwaleenram
This document summarizes a capstone design project that aims to stabilize red clay soil using coir fiber, KOBM, and geotextile materials. The objectives are to assess subgrade materials, investigate the strength of unreinforced red clay soil, enhance soil strength with stabilizing materials, enhance strength with geotextile reinforcement, and observe loading resistance with different fiber contents and stabilization ratios. A literature review is presented on previous research regarding soil stabilization with coir fiber. The document outlines the necessary experimental tests to be conducted, including Atterberg limits testing, compaction testing, CBR testing, and unconfined compression testing. The experiments will help determine the optimal fiber content to improve soil strength at minimum cost
IRJET- Evaluation of Subgrade Stabilized with Natural Geo-Textiles by Deflect...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that evaluated the use of natural geo-textiles like coir and jute fibers to stabilize subgrade soil in a semi-field test track. A 15m long test track was constructed with 5 sections - a control soil section and 4 sections reinforced with coir geo-textile, jute geo-textile, coir fibers, and jute fibers. Dual wheel load tests were performed on the subgrade and granular sub-base layers to measure deflections under increasing loads. The deflection data was analyzed using empirical and theoretical approaches. Results showed that incorporating stabilizing materials at the subgrade level improved strength parameters and overall pavement performance compared to the unstabilized control section.
SOIL STABILIZATION USING BONE ASH AND SILICA FUMEIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on soil stabilization using bone ash and silica fume. The study investigated how adding these materials affected key engineering properties of clayey soil. Tests found that adding up to 6% bone ash and 20% silica fume increased the soil's maximum dry density, CBR value, and unconfined compressive strength, while decreasing the liquid limit and increasing the plastic limit. The results indicate that bone ash and silica fume can effectively improve the engineering behavior of expansive clayey soils when used as additives.
Effect of Fly Ash and RBI Grade 81 on Geotechnical Properties of Expansive SoilIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on improving the geotechnical properties of expansive soil through stabilization using fly ash and RBI Grade 81 additive. Laboratory tests were conducted on untreated soil and soil mixtures with varying percentages of fly ash (0-20%) and RBI Grade 81 (0-6%). The results showed that the mixtures had lower liquid limits and plasticity indexes compared to untreated soil. California Bearing Ratio values increased up to 635% for soil mixed with 20% fly ash and 6% RBI Grade 81 additive. Unconfined compressive strength also increased by 205% with the additions. The study demonstrated that fly ash and RBI Grade 81 can effectively modify expansive soil properties and improve strength for construction applications
IRJET- Study of Effect of Dumpyard Sites on Soil Properties of EmbankmentIRJET Journal
The document summarizes a study on the effect of municipal solid waste dumping sites on the geotechnical properties of soil in embankments. Laboratory tests were conducted on soil samples from areas with and without waste dumping. The results showed that dumping increased the liquid limit, compressibility and permeability of soils, making them more plastic. Dumping of organic matter into soils increased their compressibility. The dumping also decreased the soil's strength parameters and increased contamination levels in areas closer to dumping sites. The changes in soil properties from waste dumping could impact the stability and lifespan of embankments.
ENGINEERING PROPERTIES IMPROVEMENT OF BLACK COTTON SOIL BY USING IRON ORE TAI...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that aimed to improve the engineering properties of black cotton soil by adding iron ore tailings and polypropylene fibers. Various tests were conducted on black cotton soil samples with fiber contents ranging from 0.2% to 0.6% and a constant 10% addition of iron ore tailings. The maximum dry density increased and optimum moisture content decreased with the additions. Unconfined compressive strength and California Bearing Ratio values increased initially with fiber content but reached an optimal level at 0.4% polypropylene fiber. The plastic limit, liquid limit, and free swell index all decreased with the iron ore tailings and fiber additions, indicating improved soil properties.
Similar to IRJET- Correlation of CBR with Index Properties of Soil of Kolar Region (Bhopal) using Regression Analysis (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...gerogepatton
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
Low power architecture of logic gates using adiabatic techniquesnooriasukmaningtyas
The growing significance of portable systems to limit power consumption in ultra-large-scale-integration chips of very high density, has recently led to rapid and inventive progresses in low-power design. The most effective technique is adiabatic logic circuit design in energy-efficient hardware. This paper presents two adiabatic approaches for the design of low power circuits, modified positive feedback adiabatic logic (modified PFAL) and the other is direct current diode based positive feedback adiabatic logic (DC-DB PFAL). Logic gates are the preliminary components in any digital circuit design. By improving the performance of basic gates, one can improvise the whole system performance. In this paper proposed circuit design of the low power architecture of OR/NOR, AND/NAND, and XOR/XNOR gates are presented using the said approaches and their results are analyzed for powerdissipation, delay, power-delay-product and rise time and compared with the other adiabatic techniques along with the conventional complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) designs reported in the literature. It has been found that the designs with DC-DB PFAL technique outperform with the percentage improvement of 65% for NOR gate and 7% for NAND gate and 34% for XNOR gate over the modified PFAL techniques at 10 MHz respectively.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network