On-farm hormonal oestrus synchronization and mass insemination of cows for sm...ILRI
This document summarizes research on on-farm hormonal oestrus synchronization and mass artificial insemination of cows for smallholders in Ethiopia. It finds that while a researcher-led approach showed promise, scaling required institutional changes. Working with regional partners to train staff, over 600,000 cows were synchronized and inseminated from 2011-2015 across four regions. New technologies like progesterone tests helped with estrus detection and pregnancy diagnosis. The Ethiopian government's Livestock Master Plan now aims to increase crossbred cows to 5 million in 5 years to boost milk production and incomes.
ILRI program outline: Feed and Forage Development ILRI
This document outlines the ILRI Feed and Forage Development program. The program aims to reduce feed costs and improve feeds, forages, and feeding strategies through research. Key areas of research include feed resources, private sector capabilities, and feed supply and demand scenarios. The program structure includes teams on feeds and feeding strategies, forage diversity, and genetic variability. The research contributes to various CRPs and impacts pathways involve improved access to forage genetic resources and training. Exciting new technologies being explored include ammonia fiber expansion to increase digestibility of crop residues and studying genetic diversity of Napier grass.
This document outlines ILRI's proposed Impact at Scale program, which aims to ensure research outputs are translated into outcomes and impact at a large scale. The program would be responsible for managing scaling/development projects where ILRI leads or partners, ensuring proven technologies and approaches are adopted widely. It discusses donors requesting ILRI scale interventions, CGIAR centers' comparative advantages, and proposes an organizational structure. Key points are demonstrating research relevance, influencing project design, and maximizing chances of meeting targets for large-scale impact.
On-farm hormonal oestrus synchronization and mass insemination of cows for sm...ILRI
This document summarizes research on on-farm hormonal oestrus synchronization and mass artificial insemination of cows for smallholders in Ethiopia. It finds that while a researcher-led approach showed promise, scaling required institutional changes. Working with regional partners to train staff, over 600,000 cows were synchronized and inseminated from 2011-2015 across four regions. New technologies like progesterone tests helped with estrus detection and pregnancy diagnosis. The Ethiopian government's Livestock Master Plan now aims to increase crossbred cows to 5 million in 5 years to boost milk production and incomes.
ILRI program outline: Feed and Forage Development ILRI
This document outlines the ILRI Feed and Forage Development program. The program aims to reduce feed costs and improve feeds, forages, and feeding strategies through research. Key areas of research include feed resources, private sector capabilities, and feed supply and demand scenarios. The program structure includes teams on feeds and feeding strategies, forage diversity, and genetic variability. The research contributes to various CRPs and impacts pathways involve improved access to forage genetic resources and training. Exciting new technologies being explored include ammonia fiber expansion to increase digestibility of crop residues and studying genetic diversity of Napier grass.
This document outlines ILRI's proposed Impact at Scale program, which aims to ensure research outputs are translated into outcomes and impact at a large scale. The program would be responsible for managing scaling/development projects where ILRI leads or partners, ensuring proven technologies and approaches are adopted widely. It discusses donors requesting ILRI scale interventions, CGIAR centers' comparative advantages, and proposes an organizational structure. Key points are demonstrating research relevance, influencing project design, and maximizing chances of meeting targets for large-scale impact.
ILRI program outline: Sustainable Livestock SystemsILRI
The ILRI program outline aims to contribute to productive and sustainable livestock systems through three main research themes: 1) Managing interactions between environmental change and livestock, 2) Proving intensification can be sustainable, and 3) Developing resilient livestock systems. The program strategy involves characterizing risks/benefits to livestock keepers, developing strategies to overcome constraints, and catalyzing adoption of solutions. Key activities include research on emissions/adaptation, sustainable intensification approaches, and building an enabling environment for wider uptake of strategies. The intended impacts are productive livestock despite future uncertainties, positive environmental benefits, and help for poor people to manage risks.
Presented by Jemimah Njuki, Jane Poole, Nancy Johnson, Isabelle Baltenweck, Pamela Pali, Zaibet Lokman and Samuel Mburu at ILRI Addis Ababa, 2 May 2011.
Gender, livestock and livelihood indicators: An updateILRI
Presented by Isabelle Baltenweck, Jemimah Njuki, Jane Poole, Nancy Johnson, Isabelle Baltenweck, Pamela Pali, Zaibet Lokman and Samuel Mburu at the Livestock and Fish Gender Initiative Meeting, Nairobi, 8-12 June 2015
African Chicken Genetic Gains: Tanzania achievements todateILRI
Tanzania has been working to improve local chicken genetics through the African Chicken Genetic Gains program. Key activities include:
1) Conducting a baseline survey of 3,200 households to understand current flock sizes and perceptions. 2) Testing improved chicken breeds like Sasso and Kuroiler on research stations and farms. Preliminary results show the improved breeds have higher weights and egg production.
3) Building capacity through trainings on data collection and hatchery management. 4) Partnering with hatcheries, feed suppliers, and others to help disseminate chickens and inputs.
5) Facing some challenges around timely access to fertile eggs and farmers' ability to afford supplements. Future plans include importing more breeds
Cattle keeping and dairy farming are important livelihood activities for rural communities in Senegal. The study found large differences in profits depending on the breed or cross-breed of cattle and livestock management practices. Households keeping crosses of indigenous Zebu cattle with introduced Bos Taurus breeds under good management conditions achieved the highest profits, largely due to higher milk yields. Improving cattle breeds and management can enhance rural livelihoods, food security, and dairy industry policies in Senegal.
Assessing knowledge, attitude, and practices and small-scale commercial feed ...ILRI
Presented by Ben Lukuyu, Stella Namazzi, Pius Lutakome and Emily Ouma at the Tropentag 2021―Towards shifting paradigms in agriculture for a healthy and sustainable future, 15-17 September 2021
Participatory evaluation of cattle fattening innovations of smallholder farm...ILRI
Poster prepared by Azage Tegegne, Yoseph Mekashaand Tesfaye Dubale for the Tropentag 2016 Conference on Solidarity in a Competing World—Fair Use of Resources, Vienna, Austria, 19–21 September 2016
Presented by Getnet Assefa (Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research) at the Third ACGG Program Management Team Meeting, Abuja, Nigeria, 2 December 2016
This document provides a progress report on work related to global futures and strategic foresight (GFSF) at the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI). It highlights completed work updating parameters for livestock technologies in several countries. It outlines plans to further improve the IMPACT modeling system by validating livestock parameters and testing scenarios related to breeds, feeds, vaccines and policies. Challenges include funding cuts but opportunities exist through collaborations exploring climate change and food-feed interactions.
Review of small ruminants value chain impact pathways developed for EthiopiaILRI
Presented by Barbara Rischkowsky (ICARDA) at the Livestock and Fish Small Ruminant Change Pathway Validation Workshop, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 3-4 March 2015
The document summarizes key results from a study on dairy genetics in Senegal. The study identified and evaluated the productivity of different cattle breeds under varying management levels on 220 households over 2 years. Key findings include: (1) Yields varied significantly between indigenous Zebu and crossbreeds with higher Bos Taurus genetics under improved management; (2) Better breeds and management led to much higher profits; and (3) Capacity building of farmers improved knowledge of breeds, yields and management practices. The results can help identify the most suitable breeds and practices to improve livelihoods through more productive and profitable smallholder dairy enterprises in Senegal.
Small ruminant value chain development in Tanqua Abergelle, EthiopiaILRI
This document outlines strategies to improve the small ruminant value chain in the Tanqua Abergelle region of Ethiopia. It identifies challenges such as high disease rates, inadequate veterinary services, limited access to improved feeds, and information asymmetry along the value chain. The vision is to have a sustainable and market-oriented goat farming sector by 2020 that benefits all actors and satisfies consumer needs while improving nutrition. Strategies proposed include improving veterinary services and feed supplies, establishing community breeding programs, improving dairy processing, and building producer and extension agent capacities.
Measuring and mitigating the risk of mycotoxins in maize and dairy products for poor consumers in Kenya, Johanna Lindahl (ILRI) and Alexia Pretari (IFPRI)
Presented by Steve Kemp, ILRI, at the Workshop on Animal Genetic Research for Africa (Biosciences for Farming in Africa), Nairobi, 10-11 September 2015
Policy and impact at scale: Pig breeding in Nagaland, IndiaILRI
This document summarizes the development and launch of a pig breeding policy in Nagaland, India to address issues like rampant cross breeding. The policy was informed by ILRI's feeding trials, genome studies, and stakeholder consultations. It aims to impact the 1.4 million pig rearers in Nagaland. Key learnings included building credibility through evidence, gaining trust, and proactive bureaucracy. The policy's high acceptance level indicates it can effectively impact large populations.
Improving estimates of GHG emission factors from livestock production systems...ILRI
In sub-Saharan Africa, agriculture is estimated to account for over 60% of GHG emissions, primarily due to land use change and enteric methane production in ruminants; and over 80% of agriculture (both area and production) is smallholder systems. No empirical studies on enteric CH4 emissions and very few studies on GHG emissions from soils in these systems have been conducted. This study sampled 60 farms in western Kenya using static chambers (3 reps) and analyzed soils once for total C/N content, BD and texture and 4 times for soil IN concentration.
ILRI program outline: Sustainable Livestock SystemsILRI
The ILRI program outline aims to contribute to productive and sustainable livestock systems through three main research themes: 1) Managing interactions between environmental change and livestock, 2) Proving intensification can be sustainable, and 3) Developing resilient livestock systems. The program strategy involves characterizing risks/benefits to livestock keepers, developing strategies to overcome constraints, and catalyzing adoption of solutions. Key activities include research on emissions/adaptation, sustainable intensification approaches, and building an enabling environment for wider uptake of strategies. The intended impacts are productive livestock despite future uncertainties, positive environmental benefits, and help for poor people to manage risks.
Presented by Jemimah Njuki, Jane Poole, Nancy Johnson, Isabelle Baltenweck, Pamela Pali, Zaibet Lokman and Samuel Mburu at ILRI Addis Ababa, 2 May 2011.
Gender, livestock and livelihood indicators: An updateILRI
Presented by Isabelle Baltenweck, Jemimah Njuki, Jane Poole, Nancy Johnson, Isabelle Baltenweck, Pamela Pali, Zaibet Lokman and Samuel Mburu at the Livestock and Fish Gender Initiative Meeting, Nairobi, 8-12 June 2015
African Chicken Genetic Gains: Tanzania achievements todateILRI
Tanzania has been working to improve local chicken genetics through the African Chicken Genetic Gains program. Key activities include:
1) Conducting a baseline survey of 3,200 households to understand current flock sizes and perceptions. 2) Testing improved chicken breeds like Sasso and Kuroiler on research stations and farms. Preliminary results show the improved breeds have higher weights and egg production.
3) Building capacity through trainings on data collection and hatchery management. 4) Partnering with hatcheries, feed suppliers, and others to help disseminate chickens and inputs.
5) Facing some challenges around timely access to fertile eggs and farmers' ability to afford supplements. Future plans include importing more breeds
Cattle keeping and dairy farming are important livelihood activities for rural communities in Senegal. The study found large differences in profits depending on the breed or cross-breed of cattle and livestock management practices. Households keeping crosses of indigenous Zebu cattle with introduced Bos Taurus breeds under good management conditions achieved the highest profits, largely due to higher milk yields. Improving cattle breeds and management can enhance rural livelihoods, food security, and dairy industry policies in Senegal.
Assessing knowledge, attitude, and practices and small-scale commercial feed ...ILRI
Presented by Ben Lukuyu, Stella Namazzi, Pius Lutakome and Emily Ouma at the Tropentag 2021―Towards shifting paradigms in agriculture for a healthy and sustainable future, 15-17 September 2021
Participatory evaluation of cattle fattening innovations of smallholder farm...ILRI
Poster prepared by Azage Tegegne, Yoseph Mekashaand Tesfaye Dubale for the Tropentag 2016 Conference on Solidarity in a Competing World—Fair Use of Resources, Vienna, Austria, 19–21 September 2016
Presented by Getnet Assefa (Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research) at the Third ACGG Program Management Team Meeting, Abuja, Nigeria, 2 December 2016
This document provides a progress report on work related to global futures and strategic foresight (GFSF) at the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI). It highlights completed work updating parameters for livestock technologies in several countries. It outlines plans to further improve the IMPACT modeling system by validating livestock parameters and testing scenarios related to breeds, feeds, vaccines and policies. Challenges include funding cuts but opportunities exist through collaborations exploring climate change and food-feed interactions.
Review of small ruminants value chain impact pathways developed for EthiopiaILRI
Presented by Barbara Rischkowsky (ICARDA) at the Livestock and Fish Small Ruminant Change Pathway Validation Workshop, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 3-4 March 2015
The document summarizes key results from a study on dairy genetics in Senegal. The study identified and evaluated the productivity of different cattle breeds under varying management levels on 220 households over 2 years. Key findings include: (1) Yields varied significantly between indigenous Zebu and crossbreeds with higher Bos Taurus genetics under improved management; (2) Better breeds and management led to much higher profits; and (3) Capacity building of farmers improved knowledge of breeds, yields and management practices. The results can help identify the most suitable breeds and practices to improve livelihoods through more productive and profitable smallholder dairy enterprises in Senegal.
Small ruminant value chain development in Tanqua Abergelle, EthiopiaILRI
This document outlines strategies to improve the small ruminant value chain in the Tanqua Abergelle region of Ethiopia. It identifies challenges such as high disease rates, inadequate veterinary services, limited access to improved feeds, and information asymmetry along the value chain. The vision is to have a sustainable and market-oriented goat farming sector by 2020 that benefits all actors and satisfies consumer needs while improving nutrition. Strategies proposed include improving veterinary services and feed supplies, establishing community breeding programs, improving dairy processing, and building producer and extension agent capacities.
Measuring and mitigating the risk of mycotoxins in maize and dairy products for poor consumers in Kenya, Johanna Lindahl (ILRI) and Alexia Pretari (IFPRI)
Presented by Steve Kemp, ILRI, at the Workshop on Animal Genetic Research for Africa (Biosciences for Farming in Africa), Nairobi, 10-11 September 2015
Policy and impact at scale: Pig breeding in Nagaland, IndiaILRI
This document summarizes the development and launch of a pig breeding policy in Nagaland, India to address issues like rampant cross breeding. The policy was informed by ILRI's feeding trials, genome studies, and stakeholder consultations. It aims to impact the 1.4 million pig rearers in Nagaland. Key learnings included building credibility through evidence, gaining trust, and proactive bureaucracy. The policy's high acceptance level indicates it can effectively impact large populations.
Improving estimates of GHG emission factors from livestock production systems...ILRI
In sub-Saharan Africa, agriculture is estimated to account for over 60% of GHG emissions, primarily due to land use change and enteric methane production in ruminants; and over 80% of agriculture (both area and production) is smallholder systems. No empirical studies on enteric CH4 emissions and very few studies on GHG emissions from soils in these systems have been conducted. This study sampled 60 farms in western Kenya using static chambers (3 reps) and analyzed soils once for total C/N content, BD and texture and 4 times for soil IN concentration.
Innovative processing of cassava peels to livestock feedsILRI
Cassava processing in Africa generates about 40 million tons of waste peels annually. A new technology was developed to process the peels into livestock feed through grating, pressing, toasting, drying, sieving and regrinding. Laboratory analysis found the processed peels to be high in protein and energy at low levels of toxicity. Products were evaluated with industry partners in poultry, cattle and pig feeding where they boosted livestock production. The technology dissemination created new jobs and incomes while providing a more environmentally friendly use of the waste peels. Several companies and organizations have now adopted the processing technology.
Africa’s agricultural development promises much more than food securityILRI
Presented by Jimmy Smith, Director General, with Dolapo Enahoro, Susan MacMillan and Shirley Tarawali, University of Illinois, Champaign, 12 October 2016
Hub models to transform dairy value chains in East AfricaILRI
The document discusses the East Africa Dairy Development (EADD) Hub approach for transforming dairy value chains in East Africa. Some key findings are that the hub approach implemented in 3 countries led to a 124% increase in household dairy income on average. 82 hubs have been supported so far, with 17 hubs graduating towards sustainability. Lessons learned include promoting hubs as facilitators not implementers, tailoring hubs to different contexts, strong governance being key to sustainability, and increasing private sector engagement and inclusion of women and youth.
This document introduces ILRI's Science Strategy for 2016-2020. It discusses ILRI's previous strategy from 2013-2022 and outlines the critical success factors and CGIAR's strategic goals that the new science strategy aims to achieve. The strategy focuses on priority research areas like animal genetics, health, feed resources, and sustainable livestock systems. It describes how the strategy will be operationalized through multi-disciplinary teams, partnerships, and a portfolio with discovery and delivery components. Regional strategies will also be developed to reflect different contexts and opportunities.
Southern Africa is home to over 295 million people and has experienced the worst drought in 35 years, killing over 634,000 cattle and affecting 18 million people. The region has large livestock populations, including 64 million cattle, 28 million goats, and 39 million sheep. ILRI is conducting research in Southern Africa focused on feed and forages, red meat and dairy value chains, and indigenous poultry. Key projects include work on value chain development in Mozambique and Zimbabwe, and innovative beef schemes in Swaziland. Research questions center around effective value chain models, enhancing smallholder competitiveness, and reducing vulnerability in dry marginal rangeland areas. Partners include organizations working on livestock policy, research, and development.
The changing images of livestock in developmentILRI
Presented by Jimmy W. Smith at the Workshop on ‘The role of livestock in smallholder livelihoods’, All-Party Parliamentary Group on Agriculture and Food for Development, London, UK, 29 June 2016
Antimicrobial use in African agriculture and its implicationsILRI
Presentation by Delia Grace, Johanna Lindahl, Hung Nguyen‐Viet, Fred Unger and Tim Robinson at a national information sharing workshop on antibiotic use, management and potential risk of antibiotic resistance, Hanoi, Vietnam, 20 September 2016.
Global health and sustainable food security: Why the livestock sectors of dev...Susan MacMillan
Slide presentation:
Global health and sustainable food security: Why the livestock sectors of developing countries matter
By Jimmy Smith
For the Global Animal Health Conference: Developing global animal health products to support food security and sustainability
17-18 October 2013
Arlington, Virginia
This document summarizes ILRI's work in West Africa. It notes that West Africa has a large livestock population that supports the livelihoods of many smallholder farmers. ILRI's main office for the region is located in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, with additional staff in other countries. Opportunities for ILRI include scaling research programs and partnerships with development organizations. Challenges include limited staff and changing perceptions of ILRI's role. Current research focuses on sustainable intensification of mixed crop-livestock systems, value chains, livestock and water interactions, and pastoral systems.
Livestock: Opportunities for addressing global development challengesILRI
Livestock play an important role in addressing global development challenges through inclusive economic growth, equitable livelihoods, improved nutrition and health, and sustainable ecosystems. Livestock contribute significantly to GDP and provide livelihoods for many smallholder farmers and landless people. However, meeting increased demand for livestock products in a sustainable way will require transforming smallholder systems through improved productivity and market access while supporting rural development and livelihoods.
Presented by Barbara Wieland at the First Joint International Conference of the Association of Institutions for Tropical Veterinary Medicine (AITVM) and the Society of Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Berlin, 4-8 September 2016
Incubating a promising financial solution for the drylands: Toward sustainabl...ILRI
Presented by Andrew Mude at the Borlaug 2016 Dialogue side event on Climate Proofing One Third of the World: Tools for Resilient Drylands, Des Moines, 12 October 2016
- Livestock production is a major global industry, with the top 5 animal source foods representing $715 billion in value.
- Demand for meat is increasing faster in developing countries than developed ones. Asia and Africa will see the largest growth in demand through 2030.
- Meeting the rising demand for food by 2050 will require huge increases in cereal, dairy, and meat production globally.
- ILRI's mission is to improve food security and reduce poverty through research on efficient, sustainable livestock systems. It has over 670 staff working across multiple countries.
- ILRI conducts research in areas like genetics, health, feeding, and policies to benefit livestock producers and consumers in developing nations.
The sharp divide: Do we need animals to feed this world safely, well, sustain...ILRI
Presentation by ILRI and Cornell University on materials from a Café at the 2nd International Conference on Global Food Security, Ithaca, USA, 13 October 2015
CIAT is a CGIAR research center focused on reducing hunger and poverty in the tropics through agricultural research. It faces the challenges of feeding a growing population with less land and water and a changing climate. CIAT conducts research to increase crop productivity, improve natural resource management, and inform policies, with a focus on beans, cassava, rice and forages. It works across Africa, Asia, and Latin America to deliver impacts at scale through partnerships.
Achieving Agenda 2030: Livestock research and the transformation of small-sca...ILRI
1) Global demand for meat, milk, and eggs is rising rapidly in developing countries, where smallholders currently produce much of the supply.
2) Transforming smallholder livestock production into a more productive and resilient system can help achieve several UN Sustainable Development Goals and benefit women and youth.
3) Livestock research plays a key role in this transformation by developing solutions to improve productivity, health, feeding, and management practices for smallholder farmers.
Livestock and food security: An ILRI perspectiveILRI
A series of presentations by ILRI scientists (Thomas Randolph, Hikuepi Katjiuongua, Timothy Robinson, Isabelle Baltenweck, Alessandra Galie, Alan Duncan, Nils Teufel, Mats Lannerstad, Bernard Bett, Johanna Lindahl, Eric Fèvre, Silvia Alonso and Delia Grace) at a seminar on "Sustainable Agricultural Development for Food Security and Nutrition, including the role of Livestock" for the Committee on World Food Security High Level Panel of Experts on food security and nutrition (HLPE), Nairobi, Kenya, 8 May 2015.
The roles of livestock in achieving the sustainable development goalsILRI
Presented by Iain A Wright, Deputy Director General-Research (ILRI) at the 25 Anniversary Conference of the Ethiopian Society for Animal Production (ESAP), Haramaya, Ethiopia, 24–26 August 2017
Animal breeding for reduced poverty and improved food security in developing ...ILRI
Presented by Karen Marshall at the John Vercoe Memorial Lecture on the Association for Animal Breeding and Genetics (AAABG) Conference, Australia, 28-30 September 2015
Sustainable animal production systems in AfricaILRI
Presented by Timothy Robinson, Catherine Pfeifer, Mario Herrero, Thomas van Boeckel and Marius Gilbert at the 61st International Congress of Meat Science & Technology, France, 23–28 August 2015
Presentation by Dr Sikhalazo Dube from ILRI, at the Regional planning meeting on ‘Scaling-Up Climate-Smart Agricultural Solutions for Cereals and Livestock Farmers in Southern Africa – Building partnership for successful implementation’,13–15 September 2016, Johannesburg, South Africa
This is the key address that Professor Robyn Alders gave on 10th of February in Ahmedabad, India, during the first annual One Health Poultry Hub conference.
This document discusses innovations needed to reshape food systems in Asia for human and planetary health. It notes that while malnutrition has decreased, multiple burdens persist and goals are not on track. Comprehensive research and policy, institutional, and technological innovations are imperative. Reforms like subsidizing nutritious foods, social protection programs, reducing food loss, empowering women, and new crop varieties and production methods can help achieve nutrition and sustainability goals. Coordinated action across sectors with strong institutions is critical to accelerating progress.
This document discusses the complex relationships between livestock, people, livelihoods, and diseases. It provides background on GALVmed, an organization that supports animal health solutions for poor livestock keepers. Livestock are crucial for the livelihoods of 1 billion people in Africa and Asia. However, animal diseases pose a major threat. The document outlines key health issues from intensive production systems for dairy cows and poultry. It also discusses the role of zoonotic diseases in impacting poor communities and the increasing issues of lifestyle diseases from diets high in animal products. The conclusion calls for a One Health approach through multidisciplinary collaboration to achieve optimal health for people, animals and the environment.
Traditional and Indigenous foods for Food systems transformationFrancois Stepman
Presentation by Anna Lartey Professor of Nutrition.
Anna Lartey (PhD UC Davis); Sc.D. (h.c.McGill University)
Professor of Nutrition, Past President of the International Union of Nutritional Sciences (IUNS 2013-2017)
at Webinar of 20 May 2021. Traditional and Indigenous Foods for Food Systems Transformation in Africa
Better lives through livestock: ILRI in SADC Region ILRI
Presented by Amos Omore and Sikhalazo Dube at the Virtual Food Agriculture and Natural Resources (FANR) / International Cooperating Partner (ICP) Group Meeting on Agriculture and Food Security. Gaborone, Botswana, 7 October 2020.
IFPRI works to address major trends impacting global food security and nutrition through research and partnerships. The document outlines several mega-trends including rapid population growth and urbanization, conflict and risk of famine, environmental degradation, and technological innovations. It discusses how IFPRI conducts research on these issues and partners with other organizations to build more resilient food systems and improve nutrition through approaches like social safety nets, strengthening value chains, and promoting crops with higher nutrient levels. Partnerships are seen as critical to addressing the complex challenges facing global food security.
Synchronization by hormones: Hormones cycling the cattle - Optimize the timing and cost (by gathering the IA for the vet) - Reduce the period between 2 calving - Plan unseasonal lactation for getting an higher price on milk - Avoid transfer of sexual pathologies
•Artificial insemination: - Selection on the semen : bull with high genetic potential - Possibility to store the semen - Better profitability of the semen : 1 bull ejaculate = > 1 000 doses - No Distance limit between the male and female
The Role of Agriculture in Hunger and Poverty ReductionShenggen Fan
Agricultural growth is crucial for reducing hunger and poverty according to the director of IFPRI. Agricultural research is key to addressing challenges like population growth, climate change, and food price volatility. Agricultural innovation has led to major successes in reducing hunger in places like Asia and Africa. The new CGIAR structure and consortium research programs are well positioned to contribute to global food security and poverty reduction through agricultural research. Country strategy support programs help build policymaking capacity in individual countries.
Similar to Livestock in national food security and nutrition: Trends and projections for 8 developing countries (20)
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
Presentation by Guy Ilboudo, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé, Modou Moustapha Lo, Zoë Campbell and Michel Dione at the 6th Peste des Petits Ruminants Global Research and Expertise Networks (PPR-GREN) annual meeting, Bengaluru, India, 28–30 November 2023.
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
Poster by Guy Ilboudo, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé, Modou Moustapha Lo, Zoë Campbell and Michel Dione presented at the 6th Peste des Petits Ruminants Global Research and Expertise Networks (PPR-GREN) annual meeting, Bengaluru, India, 29 November 2023.
A training, certification and marketing scheme for informal dairy vendors in ...ILRI
Presentation by Silvia Alonso, Jef L. Leroy, Emmanuel Muunda, Moira Donahue Angel, Emily Kilonzi, Giordano Palloni, Gideon Kiarie, Paula Dominguez-Salas and Delia Grace at the Micronutrient Forum 6th Global Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 16 October 2023.
Milk safety and child nutrition impacts of the MoreMilk training, certificati...ILRI
Poster by Silvia Alonso, Emmanuel Muunda, Moira Donahue Angel, Emily Kilonzi, Giordano Palloni, Gideon Kiarie, Paula Dominguez-Salas, Delia Grace and Jef L. Leroy presented at the Micronutrient Forum 6th Global Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 16 October 2023.
Preventing the next pandemic: a 12-slide primer on emerging zoonotic diseasesILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
Preventing preventable diseases: a 12-slide primer on foodborne diseaseILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
Preventing a post-antibiotic era: a 12-slide primer on antimicrobial resistanceILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help enhance one's emotional well-being and mental clarity.
Food safety research in low- and middle-income countriesILRI
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet at the first technical meeting to launch the Food Safety Working Group under the One Health Partnership framework, Hanoi, Vietnam, 28 September 2023
The Food Safety Working Group (FSWG) in Vietnam was created in 2015 at the request of the Deputy Prime Minister to address food safety issues in the country. It brings together government agencies, ministries, and development partners to facilitate joint policy dialogue and improve food safety. Over eight years of operations led by different organizations, the FSWG has contributed to various initiatives. However, it faces challenges of diminished government participation over time and dependence on active members. Going forward, it will strengthen its operations by integrating under Vietnam's One Health Partnership framework to better engage stakeholders and achieve policy impacts.
Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in UgandaILRI
Presentation by Lordrick Alinaitwe, Martin Wainaina, Salome Dürr, Clovice Kankya, Velma Kivali, James Bugeza, Martin Richter, Kristina Roesel, Annie Cook and Anne Mayer-Scholl at the University of Bern Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences Symposium, Bern, Switzerland, 29 June 2023.
Assessing meat microbiological safety and associated handling practices in bu...ILRI
Presentation by Patricia Koech, Winnie Ogutu, Linnet Ochieng, Delia Grace, George Gitao, Lily Bebora, Max Korir, Florence Mutua and Arshnee Moodley at the 8th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana, 26–29 September 2023.
Ecological factors associated with abundance and distribution of mosquito vec...ILRI
Poster by Max Korir, Joel Lutomiah and Bernard Bett presented the 8th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana, 26–29 September 2023.
Practices and drivers of antibiotic use in Kenyan smallholder dairy farmsILRI
Poster by Lydiah Kisoo, Dishon M. Muloi, Walter Oguta, Daisy Ronoh, Lynn Kirwa, James Akoko, Eric Fèvre, Arshnee Moodley and Lillian Wambua presented at Tropentag 2023, Berlin, Germany, 20–22 September 2023.
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths ForwardLeonel Morgado
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
The cost of acquiring information by natural selectionCarl Bergstrom
This is a short talk that I gave at the Banff International Research Station workshop on Modeling and Theory in Population Biology. The idea is to try to understand how the burden of natural selection relates to the amount of information that selection puts into the genome.
It's based on the first part of this research paper:
The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptxMAGOTI ERNEST
Although Artemia has been known to man for centuries, its use as a food for the culture of larval organisms apparently began only in the 1930s, when several investigators found that it made an excellent food for newly hatched fish larvae (Litvinenko et al., 2023). As aquaculture developed in the 1960s and ‘70s, the use of Artemia also became more widespread, due both to its convenience and to its nutritional value for larval organisms (Arenas-Pardo et al., 2024). The fact that Artemia dormant cysts can be stored for long periods in cans, and then used as an off-the-shelf food requiring only 24 h of incubation makes them the most convenient, least labor-intensive, live food available for aquaculture (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021). The nutritional value of Artemia, especially for marine organisms, is not constant, but varies both geographically and temporally. During the last decade, however, both the causes of Artemia nutritional variability and methods to improve poorquality Artemia have been identified (Loufi et al., 2024).
Brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) are used in marine aquaculture worldwide. Annually, more than 2,000 metric tons of dry cysts are used for cultivation of fish, crustacean, and shellfish larva. Brine shrimp are important to aquaculture because newly hatched brine shrimp nauplii (larvae) provide a food source for many fish fry (Mozanzadeh et al., 2021). Culture and harvesting of brine shrimp eggs represents another aspect of the aquaculture industry. Nauplii and metanauplii of Artemia, commonly known as brine shrimp, play a crucial role in aquaculture due to their nutritional value and suitability as live feed for many aquatic species, particularly in larval stages (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021).
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defectsSérgio Sacani
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is
mitigated, at least in part.
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...Sérgio Sacani
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
The technology uses reclaimed CO₂ as the dyeing medium in a closed loop process. When pressurized, CO₂ becomes supercritical (SC-CO₂). In this state CO₂ has a very high solvent power, allowing the dye to dissolve easily.
Current Ms word generated power point presentation covers major details about the micronuclei test. It's significance and assays to conduct it. It is used to detect the micronuclei formation inside the cells of nearly every multicellular organism. It's formation takes place during chromosomal sepration at metaphase.
PPT on Direct Seeded Rice presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024.
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...Advanced-Concepts-Team
Presentation in the Science Coffee of the Advanced Concepts Team of the European Space Agency on the 07.06.2024.
Speaker: Diego Blas (IFAE/ICREA)
Title: Gravitational wave detection with orbital motion of Moon and artificial
Abstract:
In this talk I will describe some recent ideas to find gravitational waves from supermassive black holes or of primordial origin by studying their secular effect on the orbital motion of the Moon or satellites that are laser ranged.
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically youngSérgio Sacani
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
Livestock in national food security and nutrition: Trends and projections for 8 developing countries
1. Livestock in national food security and nutrition
Trends and projections for 8 developing countries
Dolapo Enahoro, Mats Lannerstad and Catherine Pfeifer
International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya
ILRI Institute Planning Meeting
4-7 October 2016
2. Motivation
• As incomes improve in lower and middle income
countries, human diets observed to include higher
consumption of livestock-derived foods (i.e., the
“livestock revolution”)
• Much still unknown about the implications of such
transformations for the world’s poorest populations
3. Scope
Assess the role of livestock production and products in
developing countries undergoing rapid change:
• National food supply, present and future
• Nutrition
o Energy
o Macro nutrients
o Micro nutrients
• National food self-sufficiency
• Livelihood and nutrition benefits for the poor
4. Study design
www.cgiar.org
Components
.
FAO statistics
IMPACT modelling (ISPC Scenarios)
Nutrient conversion factors (USDA)
Household survey data (DHS)
Scenarios
2010 – Baseline
2050 – Low Growth
– Medium
– High
– Climate
5. 8 Target Countries - CGIAR Research Program
on Livestock Agri-Food Systems
Nicaragua
Burkina Faso
Kenya
Tanzania
Ethiopia
India
Uganda
Nicaragua
Burkina Faso
Kenya
Tanzania
Ethiopia
Vietnam
India
Uganda
6. The IMPACT-Livestock System, Adapted
Crop
modeling
IMPACT multi-
country, multi-
market model
Prices
Trade
Production
Hydrology
modelling
Water demand
Trends
Source: Adapted from Rosegrant et al., 2014
Macro-
economic
Trends
Yields
Climate
Modeling
Nutrition
Livestock
assets
7. Protein national self-sufficiency
2010 and 4 scenarios 2050 (MTs)
-4 500
-3 500
-2 500
-1 500
-500
500
1 500
2010
High
Base
Low
CC
2010
High
Base
Low
CC
2010
High
Base
Low
CC
2010
High
Base
Low
CC
2010
High
Base
Low
CC
2010
High
Base
Low
CC
2010
High
Base
Low
CC
2010
High
Base
Low
CC
2050 2050 2050 2050 2050 2050 2050 2050
Burkina Ethiopia India( x 10 ) Kenya Nicaragua Tanzania Uganda Vietnam
ProteinLDFs ProteinCDFs
8. Some useful results
Target countries facing major importation, for both
livestock and crops, under all scenarios
Livestock’s importance to grow in supply of macro-
and micro nutrients (but, not as much as expected)
Livestock-rearing among poor
- (patterns) different from other households’
- (importance) increasing over time
- present opportunity to meet future demand
9. 3 things we learnt …
Useful livestock data to be found in surprising places
Considerable scope to link tools across disciplines
and scales, enhancing relevance of impact modeling
Prepare for the evidence to challenge assumptions
10. This presentation is licensed for use under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence.
better lives through livestock
ilri.org
ILRI thanks all donors and organizations who globally supported its work through their contributions
to the CGIAR system