A presentation that contains an introduction to the whole concept of System Life Cycle. System Life Cycle - A methodology used for improving a system / process.

1. The System Life
Cycle
H’MM

2. Objectives
• Define the terms system, analysis, and design
• Describe the principal functions of the systems analyst
• List and describe the phases of the systems development
life cycle
• Describe the various data gathering and analysis tools
• Describe a selection of systems design tools
• Explain the concept of prototyping
• Explain the role of the maintenance task in the systems
development life cycle

3. Contents
• What is Systems Analysis and Design?
• Systems Analyst
• Systems Development Life Cycle
• Various Methods of System Development
• Preliminary Investigation
• Analysis
• Design
• Development
• Implementation

4. Systems Analysis and Design
What is it?
• System
• organized set of related components established to
accomplish certain task
• Natural
• Planned and placed by people
• Computer system
• A system that has computers as one of its components

5. System Analyst
• Professional computer employee who
performs analysis and design
• Change agent
• Overcome reluctance of users to change
• Typical career path
• Programmer
• Programmer / Analyst
• Systems Analyst

6. Functions
Coordination
• Schedules and system-related tasks
• Personnel
• Manager
• Programmers
• Users
• Vendors of computer equipment
• Mail room employees
• Contractors

7. Communication
• Oral presentations
• Written documentation
Planning and design
• Plans and designs new system
• Involved from beginning of project through
final implementation of the system

8. Personal Qualities
• Analytical mind
• Good communication skills
• Self-discipline
• Self-direction
• Organizational skills
• Creativity
• Ability to work without tangible results

9. • Who he may be or what he may be doing ?
• Seek out information about business functions
through organizations procedure manuals and
forms, etc.
• Find out how the existing system work, what
the flow of information through the system
look like.
• Know why the organization wants to change
its current operations
• Determine how and where a computer
information system can benefit all users of the
system

10. • Actually does more than just solve
current problems
• May handle planned expansion of a business
• Assess what future needs of the business
may be and the changes should be
considered to meet these needs
• May recommend alternatives for improving
the situation
• Perform a cost-benefit analysis over the
alternatives to support management take a
decision
• Develop a plan to implement the decision

11. • What may NOT be the prime objectives
• Study a business to see which existing processes
should be handled by computer and which
should be done by non-computerized methods
• It is a secondary objective
• Determine what changes should be made in
business
• Change should be a result not an intent
• Determine how to best solve an information
system problem
• Technical ideas be given only if they improve
business system

12. • Roles they may adopt …
• Information Analyst
• Performs System Analysis tasks only
• System Designers or Application Developers
• Performs System Analysis and Design tasks
• Programmer Analysts
• Performs System Analysis, Design and
Programming tasks
• Whatever be the role, interaction with
users is must!

13. • The System development life cycle (SDLC) is a
process used by a systems analyst to develop an
information system, training, and user (stakeholder)
ownership.
• The SDLC aims to produce a high quality system that
meets or exceeds customer expectations, reaches
completion within time and cost estimates, works
effectively and efficiently in the current and planned
Information Technology infrastructure, and is
inexpensive to maintain and cost-effective to
enhance.
System Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

14. • "Systems Development Computer systems are
complex and often (especially with the recent rise of
service-oriented architecture) link multiple
traditional systems potentially supplied by different
software vendors.
• To manage this level of complexity, a number of SDLC
models or methodologies have been created, such as
"waterfall"; "spiral"; "Agile software development";
"rapid prototyping"; "incremental"; “V”; and
"synchronize and stabilize"

15. History
• The systems life cycle (SLC) is a methodology used to describe the
process for building information systems, intended to develop
information systems in a very deliberate, structured and methodical
way, reiterating each stage of the life cycle.
• The systems development life cycle, according to Elliott & Strachan &
Radford (2004), "originated in the 1960s, to develop large scale
functional business systems in an age of large scale business
conglomerates. Information systems activities revolved around heavy
data processing and number crunching routines".
• Several systems development frameworks have been partly based on
SDLC, such as the structured systems analysis and design method
(SSADM) produced for the UK government Office of Government
Commerce in the 1980s. Ever since, according to Elliott (2004), "the
traditional life cycle approaches to systems development have been
increasingly replaced with alternative approaches and frameworks,
which attempted to overcome some of the inherent deficiencies of
the traditional SDLC".

17. The Waterfall Model

18. The Spiral Model

19. Agile Software Development

20. Rapid Prototyping Model

21. The “V” Model

22. Synchronize and Stabilize Model

23. The Incremental Model

24. The System Life Cycle
Analysis
Design
Development
and Testing
Implementation
Documentation
Evaluation