Biology is the study of life. It began with early Greek philosophers who began classifying living things. Important figures like Aristotle, Galen, and Andreas Vesalius made advances in anatomy and classification. William Harvey discovered blood circulation. The development of the microscope allowed Anton van Leeuwenhoek to discover microorganisms. Charles Darwin developed the theory of evolution by natural selection. The major divisions of biology are botany, which is the study of plants, and zoology, which is the study of animals. Key areas of biology include anatomy, physiology, ecology, taxonomy, embryology, genetics, and microbiology.

2. • Bio – means life
• Ologos – to study / the study
• BIOLOGY – is the study of life / the
study of living things
• Biologist – the person who studies
Biology

3. • Aristotle – Greek
philosopher; first who
classified living things as
to air, land, or water
dwellers; Father of
Biology

4. • Galen – Greek physician;
first to dissect apes and
pigs; Father of Anatomy

5. • Andreas Vesalius – made
the first dissection on
human anatomy;
discovered Comparative
Anatomy

6. William Harvey – showed
conclusively that the heart
pumps blood and the blood
circulates

7. • Marcello Malphigi –
Italian physician &
anatomist, founder of
microscopic anatomy

8. • Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
first to use microscope;
discovered
microorganisms such as
protozoans called
animalcules

9. • Charles Darwin –
wrote the book On
the Origin of Species
By Means of Natural
Selection

10. 2 Major Divisions of
Biology
• Botany – the
study of PLANTS
• Zoology – the
study of
ANIMALS

11. Study of trees and their
Dendrology history
Study of fungi and some
Mycology association with plants
Study of fossil plants
Paleonbotany
Study of diseases of
Phytopathology plants
Study the principles of
Agriculture botany in growing food
plants
Study of cultivating fruits
Pomology

12. Arachnology Study of single class of
invertebrate (scorpions,
spiders, etc.)
Conchology Study of mollusks
Embryology Study of the development of
animal forms
Entomology Study of insects
Herpetology Study of reptiles
Mammalogy Study of mammals
Ornithology Study of birds
Ichthyology Study of fishes

13. • Anatomy – the
study of
structures of
entire
organisms and
their parts

14. • Physiology
– the study
of how the
body and
its parts
work

15. Ecology – study
of how organisms
interact with their
environment &
with other
organisms

16. • Parasitology – the study of the
organisms that live in or on other
organisms that caused diseases

17. • Taxonomy – the study of the
classification & evolutionary
interrelationships among
organisms

18. • Embryology – study of the
development & growth of
organisms

19. • Cytology – the study of the
structures & functions of cells

20. • Microbiology – the study of
microorganisms such as bacteria,
protozoans, and viruses

21. • Paleontology – the study of
fossils, the preserved remains and
traces of organisms from the past

22. • Genetics – the study of how traits
are inherited & passed on one
generation to the next

23. • Morphology – the study of gross
structures & forms of organisms

24. • Histology – study of tissues