This document provides an overview of interpersonal behavior and transactional analysis. It discusses that interpersonal behavior is shaped by communication skills, emotional intelligence, and social skills. It then explains the Johari window model and how it can help people understand their interpersonal relationships and communication. Transactional analysis is introduced as the study of social transactions between people in terms of stimulus and response. The concepts of ego states, life positions, strokes, script analysis, and time structuring are defined in transactional analysis. Advantages of using transactional analysis to improve interpersonal communication are also highlighted.

1. PRESENTATION
ON
INTERPERSONAL BEHAVIOUR
Submitted To: Submitted By:
Mrs. Monika Sharma Palak Gupta
Astt. Prof. (MBA) MBA-HR (2ND)
R.NO. 01213014

2. Interpersonal Behavior… {IPB}
• IPB is the study of one’s own perception, knowledge
, attitude & motivation and how these affect one’s
behavior to the self & with others.
• It is characterized mainly by 3 factors…
– Communication skill :
» Knowledge / literacy / intelligence
» Listening skill
» Verbal skill
» Active listening/feedback

3. {continue…}
– Emotional intelligence :
» Self awareness
» Emotional maturity
– Social skill :
» Good eye contact
» Body language
» Empathy/understanding & assimilating ability

4. Types Of Interpersonal Behaviour

5. Understanding Interpersonal
Behaviour
Behavioral scientists recommend the use of Johari Window &
Transactional Analysis(TA).
• JOHARI WINDOW:
JW is a psychological too created by Joseph Luft & Harry
Ingham
in 1955 in u.s. It helps people to understand their better
interpersonal relations & communication Luft and Ingham called
their JohariWindow model 'Johari' after combining their first
names, Joe and Harry. In early publications the word appears as
'JoHari'.

6. What actually Model Represents:
• The Johari Window model is also referred to as a
'disclosure/feedback model of self awareness', and by some
people an 'information processing tool'.
• The Johari Window actually represents information - feelings,
experience, views, attitudes, skills, intentions, motivation, etc -
within or about a person - in relation to their group, from four
perspectives.
Johari window four quadrants:
1. what is known by the person about him/herself and is also known
by others - open area, open self, free area, free self, or 'the arena‘.
2. what is unknown by the person about him/herself but which others
know - blind area, blind self, or 'blindspot‘.
3. what the person knows about him/herself that others do not know -
hidden area, hidden self, avoided area, avoided self or 'facade‘.
4. what is unknown by the person about him/herself and is also
unknown by others - unknown area or unknown self.

8. Transactional Analysis
When two people interact with
each other, they engage in social
transactions, in which one person
responds to the other. Study of
such ”Social Transactions” is
called ’Transactional Analysis’.
What is a Transaction?
A Transaction is an exchange of two
strokes between two people. The first
stroke is called ’Stimulus’, the second is
called the ’Response’.

9. TYPE OF TRANSACTIONS
1. COMPLEMENTARY
2. NON-COMPLEMENTARY
To understand Transactional Analysis we must first
understand EGO STATES:
EGO STATES:
Within each human being, several human beings are existing at
the same time, depending upon how the person is behaving at any
given time.
1. Parent Ego State Set of thoughts, feelings,and behaviours learnt
from parents or other care takers. This pertains to behaviors,
thoughts and feelings copied from parents
Nurturing Parent Soft, loving and permission giving

10. •P
While in the parent ego state,people treat others like
children.
Critical Parent:This is a role where people becomes
authoritative; caring; controlling; and sometimes
bossy.
A) PARENT-PARENT TRANSACTION
Stimulus: Her duty is at home with children.
Response: She has no sense of duty
P P
A
A
C
C

11. Adult Ego State
• Oriented towards current reality and
objectivity gathering of information.
• Data processing centre.
• This is a role of care, concern, respect,
responsibility and maturity.

12. B) ADULT-ADULT TRANSACTIONS
• 1. Stimulus: What’s the time?
– Response: Exactly 4 pm by my watch.
P P
A
A
C
C

13. Child Ego State
• Seat of emotions , thoughts and memories
from childhood.
• The ’child’ ego state has the liberty of fun
loving and carefree behaviour.
• It is a storehouse of Creativity.
• It is a set of behaviors, thoughts and feelings
replayed from our childhood
•These are permanent recordings and can’t be
erased

14. C) CHILD-CHILD TRANSACTIONS
P P
A
A
C
C

15. Crossed Transactions

16. Ego States
Acting, thinking, feeling like your parent
Dealing with current realities, gathering facts,
objectivity
Acting or feeling like u did when u were child

17. LIFE POSITIONS
T.A has four possible life positions:
You are O.K
I am O.K
You are O.K
You are O.K
I am not O.K
I am O.K
You are not O.K
I am not O.K
You are not O.K
You are not O.K
I
am
O.
K
I
am
not
O.
K

18. Psychological Positions
• Mentally healthy position
• Realistic people; can solve problems on their own
• Accepts significance of others
I’m OK, You’re
OK
• Person feels victimized, So victimizes others
• Blame others for their miserie
• criminals – extreme: Homicide
I’m OK, You’re
not-OK
• Feel powerless when compare with others
• Leads them to withdraw, to experience depression
• Severe case: suicidal
I’m not-OK,
You’re OK
• Lost interest in living
• Extreme case: suicide or homicide
I’m not-OK,
You’re not-OK

19. ”I’m O.K.- You’re O.K”
This is the best known expression of the
purpose of Transactional Analysis, which is:
1. To reinforce the position that recognizes the value
and worth of every person.
2. Transactional Analysits regard people as basically
”O.K”and thus capable of change, growth,and
healthy interactions.

21. STROKES

22. What are strokes?
Stroke is a form of recognition(social, physical or
emotional) that we receive from people around us.
Strokes are of following types:
• Positive - When the other person is viewed positively and
appreciated in different ways.
• Negative - The other person is viewed negatively and
reprimanded for his behavior.
• Indifference - No attention is paid to the person either
positively or negatively.

23. Script analysis
Acc. To Shakespeare , “All the world is a stage. And all the
men and woman are merely players. They have their exits
and their entrances. Each plays many parts or roles”.
Role in script analysis
• Legitimate roles:- these roles are realistically
appropriate to the situation.
• Illegitimate roles :-the roles are said to be illegitimate if
they are used like masks and people use them for the
purposes of manipulation

24. Time structuring
Whenever people get together in pairs or groups,
there are six different ways in which they can spend
their time. Eric Berne listed these six modes of time
structuring as
• Withdrawal.
• Rituals.
• Pastimes.
• Activities.
• Games.
• Intimacy

25. 1. Withdrawl:
• When a person withdraws, she may stay with the
group physically, but does not transact with other
group members.
• They try to avoid psychological risk of rejection.
2. Rituals
• Ritual transactions are simple and stereotyped,
complementary transactions, like everyday hellos
and good byes.
• All children learn the ritual appropriate tin their
family culture.
• Rituals vary from a simple “Hi” to complicated
religious rituals

26. Structurally, the program for rituals belong in the parent ego
states.
Functionally, rituals are usually performed in Adapted child.
Pastimes
• In pastime, the participants talk
about something but engage in no
action concerning it.
• A frequent clue to pastime is
“Pastime = Past time.”
• Most often pastimers will discuss on
what happened in the past.
• Pastiming yields mainly positive
strokes, with some negatives.
• Compared to rituals, pastime
strokes are more intense and
predictable.

27. Activities
• In activity, the
communication between
the group members is
directed at achieving a goal,
not just talking about it.
• In activity, people are
directing their energy
towards some material
outcomes.
• We are likely to be in
activity for much of the
time at our workplace.

28. Games
• We all play games from
time to time.
• In games, group members
exchange sequence of
transactions and at the end
of it, they both feel bad.
• All games are replays of
childhood strategies that
are no longer appropriate
to us as grown ups.

29. Intimacy
In intimacy, there are no secret
messages.
The social level and psychological
levels are congruent.
This is an important difference
between intimacy and games.
In intimacy, feelings expressed
are appropriate to finish the
situation.
By contrast, feelings experienced
at the end of a game do nothing
to resolve the situation of the
players.
This is why games are played
over and over again.

30. Advantages of T.A
• Improves Interpersonal Communication
• Simple to learn
• Applicable to Motivation.
• Helps in Organizational Development.
• Can be used at home as well as in office.

32. Thank You