Inclusion bodies are aggregates of stainable substances that form in the nucleus or cytoplasm. They are mostly caused by viral multiplication or genetic disorders in humans. Some examples of inclusion bodies include Negri bodies caused by rabies virus in the cytoplasm, Cowdry type A bodies caused by herpes simplex virus in the nucleus, and Howell-Jolly bodies which are developmental remnants in red blood cells. Inclusion bodies can form in various tissues and diseases, such as asteroid bodies seen in sporotrichosis skin lesions, Councilman bodies in liver diseases, and Lewy bodies associated with Parkinson's disease in the brain.

1. INCLUSION BODIES

2. What are inclusion bodies?
• Inclusion bodies are aggregates of stainable
substances in the nucleus or cytoplasm.

3. How are inclusion bodies formed?
• Inclusion bodies are mostly formed due to
viral multiplication or genetic disorders in
human beings

4. Viral inclusion bodies
1. Intra cytoplasmic
2. Intra nuclear
3. Both intra cytoplasmic & Intra nuclear

5. Intracytoplasmic
1. Henderson-Peterson bodies in Molluscum Contagiosum
2. Negri bodies in Rabies
3. Guarnieri bodies(B type inclusion bodies) in Small Pox

6. Intranuclear
• Acidophilic
• Cowdry Type A
• Varicella Zoster Virus
• Herpes Simplex Virus
• Yellow Fever Virus (Torres bodies)
• Cowdry Type B
• Polio
• Basophilic
• Cowdry Type B
• Adenovirus
• Cytomegalovirus - Owl eye

7. Intranuclear and Intracytoplasmic
• Human Herpesvirus 6

8. Inclusion bodies in Red Blood Cells
1.Developmental
1. Howell Jolly Bodies
2. Basophilic Stippling's
3. Pappenheimer bodies
4. Cabot Rings
5. Polychromatophilic Red Cells
2.Hemoglobin Precipitates
1. Heinz bodies
2. Hemoglobin H inclusions
3.Protozoal
1. Malaria
2. Babesia

9. Inclusion bodies in skin conditions
1. Asteroid bodies - Sporotrichosis
2. Cowdry A - Herpes Simplex
3. Donovan bodies - Granuloma Inguinale
4. Dutcher bodies - Multiple Myeloma, Primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma
5. Pustulo-ovoid bodies - Granular cell tumor
6. Medlar bodies - Chromoblastomycosis
7. Michaelis–Gutmann bodies - Malakoplakia
8. Rocha Lima bodies - Verruga peruana
9. Russell bodies - Multiple myeloma
10.Rhinoscleroma bodies
11.Verocay bodies - Schwannoma
12.Virchow bodies - Leprosy

10. Councilman bodies
• Eosinophilic bodies found in the liver in the following cases
1.Yellow fever
2.Acute Viral hepatitis
3.Viral Hemorrhagic Fever

11. Dohle bodies
• Dohle bodies are basophilic inclusions found in cytoplasm of
neutrophils and are thought to be remnants of rough endoplasmic
reticulum.
1. Burns
2. Infections
3. Physical trauma
4. Neoplastic diseases
5. Wissler’s disease
6. May-Hegglin anomaly
7. Chédiak-Steinbrinck-Higashi’s syndrome

12. Other examples
1. Collins bodies - Familial encephalopathy with neuroserpin inclusion bodies
2. Halberstädter-Prowazek bodies - Inclusion bodies in conjunctival epithelial cells in Chlamydia trachomatis
3. Lafora bodies - Lafora progressive myoclonic epilepsy or MELF
4. Inclusion bodies in ballooned or swollen neurons containing tau proteins in Pick's disease and Corticobasal
degeneration
5. Birbeck granules (cytoplasmic organelle) - Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (Histiocytosis X)
6. Inclusion bodies in Huntington's disease - due to mutant Huntingtin protein
7. Inclusion bodies in muscle biopsy of Hereditary inclusion body myopathy
8. Lewy bodies in Parkinsonism - made of alpha-synuclein associated with ubiquitin, neurofilament protein, alpha B
crystallin and tau proteins. Lewy bodies may occasionally be surrounded by neurofibrillary tangles
9. Papp-Lantos bodies - Glial Cytoplasmic Inclusion bodies used in post mortem diagnosis of Multiple System Atrophy
10.Mallory's Hyaline - Alcoholic Liver Disease

13. 1. Auer rods or Auer bodies - found in cytoplasm of leukemic blasts. M2 and M3 of Acute Myeloid Leukemia, high grade
myelodysplastic syndromes and myeloproliferative syndromes.
2. Schuffner's dots - multiple brick red dots found in RBCs with Plasmodium Vivax infection
3. Inclusion bodies in granulocytes in May–Hegglin anomaly also known as Dohle leukocyte inclusions with giant platelets
and macrothrombocytopenia with leukocyte inclusions
4. Gamna-Favre bodies seen in Lymphogranuloma venereum due to Chlamydia trachomatis(L1, L2, L2a or L3 serovars)
5. Cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in Batten disease(the most common neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis) in neurons of
cerebral cortex.
6. Nuclear inclusion bodies in Lead and Bismuth poisoning.
7. Giant inclusion bodies in Chediak Higashi Syndrome.
8. B-type inclusion bodies in cytoplasm of epidermal cells in Tanapox virus infections.
9. Inclusion bodies in Pseudo-Hurler polydystrophy (Mucolipidosis III)
10.Nuclear inclusion bodies in Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis in neurons and glial cells
11.Schaumann bodies - inclusion bodies found in sarcoidosis and berylliosis in cytoplasm of giant cells, contains
calcium.

14. Calcium containing inclusion bodies
1.Psammoma bodies
2.Michaelis–Gutmann bodies
3.Schaumann bodies

15. Psammoma bodies in Tumors
1.Papillary thyroid carcinoma
2.Papillary renal cell carcinoma
3.Ovarian papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma
4.Endometrial adenocarcinoma (Papillary Serous Carcinoma)
5.Meningiomas
6.Mesothelioma
7.Somatostatinoma
8.Prolactinoma

16. Psammoma bodies in Benign Conditions
1.Endosalpingiosis
2.Psammomatous melanotic schwannoma
3.Melanocytic nevus