This document describes the process of tissue processing for microscopic examination. Tissue samples are first fixed in formalin to prevent decomposition. They are then dehydrated by passing through increasing concentrations of alcohol, cleared using xylene to remove the alcohol, and infiltrated with paraffin wax. The tissues are embedded in wax blocks and sectioned using a microtome. The sections are stained, most commonly with hematoxylin and eosin, which stain nuclei purple and cytoplasm pink. This allows examination under a microscope.
This presentation deals tissue processing in histopathology, the detailed of presentation given blow:
Histology, study the organization of tissues at all levels, from the whole organ down to the molecular components of cells that are found in most multicellular plants and animals.
Animal tissues are classified as epithelium, with closely spaced cells and very little intercellular space; connective tissue, with large amounts of intercellular material; muscle, specialized for contraction; and nerve, specialized for conduction of electrical impulses. Blood is also sometimes considered a separate tissue type.
Plants are composed of relatively undifferentiated tissue known as meristematic tissue; storage tissue or parenchyma; vascular tissue; photosynthetic tissue or chlorenchyma and support tissue or sclerenchyma and collenchyma.
This presentation deals tissue processing in histopathology, the detailed of presentation given blow:
Histology, study the organization of tissues at all levels, from the whole organ down to the molecular components of cells that are found in most multicellular plants and animals.
Animal tissues are classified as epithelium, with closely spaced cells and very little intercellular space; connective tissue, with large amounts of intercellular material; muscle, specialized for contraction; and nerve, specialized for conduction of electrical impulses. Blood is also sometimes considered a separate tissue type.
Plants are composed of relatively undifferentiated tissue known as meristematic tissue; storage tissue or parenchyma; vascular tissue; photosynthetic tissue or chlorenchyma and support tissue or sclerenchyma and collenchyma.
Histopathology is examination of tissues for presence or absence of changes in their structure due to disease processes. We go through various steps in the process of converting gross sample to microscopic slides.
This is a presentation covering all techniques in histopathology. Comprehensive coverage of all related aspects.. Useful for postgraduate Pathology students and practitioners.
Lipids : Classification & general analysisVinit Gohel
brief knowledge about lipid, its classification and method of analysis are covered in this slide. Students searching for notes can refer this slide. Hope it will help you.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
2. AT MICROSCOPIC LEVEL-
HISTOLOGY
Science of examination of normal tissues
HISTOPATHOLOGY
Examination of tissues for presence / absence of
changes in structure due to disease process
3. What happens to the SPECIMEN?
Specimen received in the lab (10% formalin)
Grossed (appearance, measurements, noticeable
pathological changes etc) and kept for formalin fixation
Bits given from representative areas ( not >4mm thick)
Tissue processed…
Final outcome : stained slide for microscopic
examination
8. FIXATION
Any tissue once taken out of the body will decompose
due to:-
Loss of bloody supply and oxygen
Accumulation of products of metabolism
Action of autolytic enzymes
Putrefaction by bacteria
All the above changes PREVENTED BY FIXATION!
9. Tissue get fixed in complete physical and partial
chemical state
Principle : denaturation / precipitation of cell
proteins , soluble component is made insoluble
19. DEHYDRATION
Water removed from tissue s and cells – this space is
occupied by wax
Tissue sent through grades of alcohol : 70%, 80%,
95% and absolute alcohol
Ethyl (MC used), methyl, isopropyl alcohol or
acetone can be used
20. CLEARING
Alcohol from tissues and cells is removed
(dealcoholisation) and replaced by a fluid in which
wax is soluble – makes tissue transparent
Xylene (MC used) , toluene, benzene, chloroform,
cedar wood oil can be used
21. IMPREGNATION
Empty spaces in tissues and cells , after removal of
clearing agent, are taken by molten wax
Hardens the tissue – helps in section cutting
Melting point of wax – 54- 62 degree C
