During treatment, it is highly important to continuously monitor the vital physiological signs of the patient. Therefore , patient monitoring systems has always been occupying a very important position in the field of medical devices.
The continuous improvement of technologies not only helps us transmit the vital physiological signs to the medical personnel but also simplifies the measurement and as a result raises the monitoring efficiency of patients.
Gsm based patient monitoring system in nicueSAT Journals
Abstract The project concentrates a selective section of patient monitoring: neonatal care. Several patient monitors are available in the market. Yet it is quite a daunting task in countries with high population like India, because of insufficient resource space availability. It is difficult to keep a track of several patients at a time from both inside and outside hospital premises/medical facility, which includes remote locations. The project involves with sensing the vitals of the newly born babies which are very different when compared to adult patients and transmit these signals to the computer monitor at the nursing station. Also based on the preset threshold values for the recorded values, an alarm system will be introduced with an immediate transfer of the corresponding patient data to the registered medical professional. This paper attempts to design and implement patient monitoring and real time feedback mechanism, equipped with wireless transmission via GSM and Zigbee. Using Zigbee for in-house monitoring and GSM for external correspondence is proposed. The proposed system is likely to be efficient, economical, easy to use, and portable, have wide application potential due to flexibility in the design and software. Keywords: Bio signal Processing, Neonatal, Wireless health monitoring, zigbee, GSM, Wifi, Portable multi parameter health monitor.
Implementation of A Multifunctional Smart WheelchairIJERDJOURNAL
ABSTRACT:- The project presents a multifunctional smart wheelchair for movement of disabled people along with patient monitoring using Arduino. The wheelchair can move in left, right, forward and backward directions. The movement is controlled by voice. Here voice is given to the mobile phone and it transmits the corresponding data to microcontroller using bluetooth module. Microcontroller controls the movement of wheelchair by controlling the DC motors interfaced with motor drivers. Patient monitoring is achieved by temperature sensor and data is given to microcontroller. Whenever the temperature rises above the threshold value, an alert message is sent to doctor’s phone using GSM module. Along with this, obstacle detection is also implemented using Ultrasonic sensors.
Now-a-days, a growing number of people in a developing countries like India forces to look for new solutions for the continuous monitoring of health check-up. It has become a necessity to visit hospitals frequently for doctor’s consultation, which has become financially related and a time consuming process. To overcome this situation, we propose a design to monitor the patient’s health conditions such as heart beat, temperature, ECG and BP and send the message to guardian using GSM. In the recent development of internet of things(IoT) makes all objects interconnected and been recognized as the next technical revolution. Patient monitoring is one of the IoT application to monitor the patient health status. Internet of things makes medical equipments more efficient by allowing real time monitoring of health. Using IoT doctor can continuously monitor the patient’s on his smart phone and also the patient history will be stored on the web server and doctor can access the information whenever needed from anywhere.
During treatment, it is highly important to continuously monitor the vital physiological signs of the patient. Therefore , patient monitoring systems has always been occupying a very important position in the field of medical devices.
The continuous improvement of technologies not only helps us transmit the vital physiological signs to the medical personnel but also simplifies the measurement and as a result raises the monitoring efficiency of patients.
Gsm based patient monitoring system in nicueSAT Journals
Abstract The project concentrates a selective section of patient monitoring: neonatal care. Several patient monitors are available in the market. Yet it is quite a daunting task in countries with high population like India, because of insufficient resource space availability. It is difficult to keep a track of several patients at a time from both inside and outside hospital premises/medical facility, which includes remote locations. The project involves with sensing the vitals of the newly born babies which are very different when compared to adult patients and transmit these signals to the computer monitor at the nursing station. Also based on the preset threshold values for the recorded values, an alarm system will be introduced with an immediate transfer of the corresponding patient data to the registered medical professional. This paper attempts to design and implement patient monitoring and real time feedback mechanism, equipped with wireless transmission via GSM and Zigbee. Using Zigbee for in-house monitoring and GSM for external correspondence is proposed. The proposed system is likely to be efficient, economical, easy to use, and portable, have wide application potential due to flexibility in the design and software. Keywords: Bio signal Processing, Neonatal, Wireless health monitoring, zigbee, GSM, Wifi, Portable multi parameter health monitor.
Implementation of A Multifunctional Smart WheelchairIJERDJOURNAL
ABSTRACT:- The project presents a multifunctional smart wheelchair for movement of disabled people along with patient monitoring using Arduino. The wheelchair can move in left, right, forward and backward directions. The movement is controlled by voice. Here voice is given to the mobile phone and it transmits the corresponding data to microcontroller using bluetooth module. Microcontroller controls the movement of wheelchair by controlling the DC motors interfaced with motor drivers. Patient monitoring is achieved by temperature sensor and data is given to microcontroller. Whenever the temperature rises above the threshold value, an alert message is sent to doctor’s phone using GSM module. Along with this, obstacle detection is also implemented using Ultrasonic sensors.
Now-a-days, a growing number of people in a developing countries like India forces to look for new solutions for the continuous monitoring of health check-up. It has become a necessity to visit hospitals frequently for doctor’s consultation, which has become financially related and a time consuming process. To overcome this situation, we propose a design to monitor the patient’s health conditions such as heart beat, temperature, ECG and BP and send the message to guardian using GSM. In the recent development of internet of things(IoT) makes all objects interconnected and been recognized as the next technical revolution. Patient monitoring is one of the IoT application to monitor the patient health status. Internet of things makes medical equipments more efficient by allowing real time monitoring of health. Using IoT doctor can continuously monitor the patient’s on his smart phone and also the patient history will be stored on the web server and doctor can access the information whenever needed from anywhere.
Body Temperature & Blood Pressure Remote MonitoringIJMTST Journal
In this paper we present an electronic system to perform a non-invasive measurement of the blood pressure based on the oscillometric method, which does not suffer from the limitations of the well-known auscultatory one. With reference to other similar devices, a great improvement of our measurement system is achieved since it performs the transmission of the systolic and diastolic pressure values to a remote computer. This aspect is very important when the simultaneous monitoring of multi-patients is required. Blood pressure readings with help of developed algorithm has been calculated and transmitted via Bluetooth kit to the stationary computer. Numerical reading values of systolic and diastolic blood pressure remotely recorded and displayed with help of LCD as well stationary computer.
With rapid development of economies, growth of aging population and the prevalence of chronic diseases across the world, there is an urgent need to find new ways to improve patient outcomes, increase access to care, and reduce the cost of medical care. A health care monitoring system is necessary to constantly monitor patient’s physiological parameters. The tele-medical system focuses on the measurement and evaluation of vital parameters e.g. temperature, electrocardiogram (ECG), heart rate variability, fall detection etc. This will enable doctors and care givers to observe patients without having to be physically present at their bedside, be it in the hospital or in their home.
We always prefer an unobtrusive continuous health monitoring system in the home for the purpose of assessing early health changes. Identification followed by assessment of the health issues at early stages of health disorder provides a window of opportunity for curing the issues before they become lethal. This presentation discusses various Artificial Intelligence techniques which can be used in this regard.
A gsm based intelligent wireless mobile patient monitoring systemeSAT Journals
Abstract Monitoring one’s heart rate and body temperature continuously from a remote area is impossible for a medical expert by using typical monitoring devices. To overcome this problem we can implement a GSM based system using microcontroller and LM35 sensor which is low-cost and use-friendly. Here, a heart beat sensor is used to detect the heart rate and an LM35 sensor to sense the body temperature. These signals are processed by a PIC microcontroller. Then, an SMS alert will be sent to the medical expert by using a GSM module. Thus, doctors can monitor the health condition of a patient continuously from a remote place and can suggest the patient about taking an immediate remedy. As a result, we can save many lives by providing them a quick service using this system. Keywords: Telemedicine, Remote monitoring system, Heart Beat Rate, Body Temperature, Photoplethysmograph, LM35, Microcontroller, GSM Modem etc…
In the last decade the healthcare monitoring systems have drawn considerable attentions of the researchers. The prime goal was to develop a reliable patient monitoring system so that the healthcare professionals can monitor their patients, who are either hospitalized or executing their normal daily life activities. In this work we present a mobile device based wireless healthcare monitoring system that can provide real time online information about physiological conditions of a patient. Our proposed system is designed to measure and monitor important physiological data of a patient in order to accurately describe the status of her/his health and fitness. In addition the proposed system is able to send alarming message about the patient’s critical health data by text messages or by email reports. By using the information contained in the text or e-mail message the healthcare professional can provide necessary medical
advising. The system mainly consists of sensors, the data acquisition unit, microcontroller (i.e., Arduino), and software (i.e., LabVIEW). The patient’s temperature, heart beat rate, muscles, blood pressure, blood glucose level, and ECG data are monitored, displayed, and stored by our system. To ensure reliability and accuracy the proposed system has been field tested. The test results show that our system is able to measure the patient’s physiological data with a very high accuracy.
Health monitoring system offers a lot of benefits to people life especially for those who have a chronic disease and need daily observation. This health monitoring system will improve quality of life.
Integrating all the devices into one which costs around 2000/- and making it available for poor people. Done it under the guidance of IITM Ph.D scholar Balamurugan.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
This is a advance technology for the checkup of the patient by the doctor. IN this there is a microcontroller whis encode all the sensor data and display on lcd screen and also send to gsm module by this all the pateint psychological data send to mobile in the form of sms .
BIOMEDICAL PROJECT SYNOPSIS&ABSTRACT: Automatic anesthesia controller using h...ASHOKKUMAR RAMAR
PROJECT CENTER TAMBARAM,PROJECT CENTER GUINDY, PROJECT CENTER PALLAVARAM, PROJECT CENTER VELACHERRY, PROJECT CENTER CHROMPET, PROJECT CENTER VADAPALANI,PROJECT CENTER CHENNAI,
Health monitoring is the major problem in today’s world. Due to lack of proper health monitoring, patient suffer from serious health issues. There are lots of IoT devices now days to monitor the health of patient over internet. Health experts are also taking advantage of these smart devices to keep an eye on their patients. With tons of new healthcare technology start-ups, IoT is rapidly revolutionizing the healthcare industry.
Here in this project, we will make an IoT based Health Monitoring System which records the patient heart beat rate and body temperature and also send an email/SMS alert whenever those readings goes beyond critical values. Pulse rate and body temperature readings are recorded over ThingSpeak and Google sheets so that patient health can be monitored from anywhere in the world over internet. A panic will also be attached so that patient can press it on emergency to send email/sms to their relative
Body Temperature & Blood Pressure Remote MonitoringIJMTST Journal
In this paper we present an electronic system to perform a non-invasive measurement of the blood pressure based on the oscillometric method, which does not suffer from the limitations of the well-known auscultatory one. With reference to other similar devices, a great improvement of our measurement system is achieved since it performs the transmission of the systolic and diastolic pressure values to a remote computer. This aspect is very important when the simultaneous monitoring of multi-patients is required. Blood pressure readings with help of developed algorithm has been calculated and transmitted via Bluetooth kit to the stationary computer. Numerical reading values of systolic and diastolic blood pressure remotely recorded and displayed with help of LCD as well stationary computer.
With rapid development of economies, growth of aging population and the prevalence of chronic diseases across the world, there is an urgent need to find new ways to improve patient outcomes, increase access to care, and reduce the cost of medical care. A health care monitoring system is necessary to constantly monitor patient’s physiological parameters. The tele-medical system focuses on the measurement and evaluation of vital parameters e.g. temperature, electrocardiogram (ECG), heart rate variability, fall detection etc. This will enable doctors and care givers to observe patients without having to be physically present at their bedside, be it in the hospital or in their home.
We always prefer an unobtrusive continuous health monitoring system in the home for the purpose of assessing early health changes. Identification followed by assessment of the health issues at early stages of health disorder provides a window of opportunity for curing the issues before they become lethal. This presentation discusses various Artificial Intelligence techniques which can be used in this regard.
A gsm based intelligent wireless mobile patient monitoring systemeSAT Journals
Abstract Monitoring one’s heart rate and body temperature continuously from a remote area is impossible for a medical expert by using typical monitoring devices. To overcome this problem we can implement a GSM based system using microcontroller and LM35 sensor which is low-cost and use-friendly. Here, a heart beat sensor is used to detect the heart rate and an LM35 sensor to sense the body temperature. These signals are processed by a PIC microcontroller. Then, an SMS alert will be sent to the medical expert by using a GSM module. Thus, doctors can monitor the health condition of a patient continuously from a remote place and can suggest the patient about taking an immediate remedy. As a result, we can save many lives by providing them a quick service using this system. Keywords: Telemedicine, Remote monitoring system, Heart Beat Rate, Body Temperature, Photoplethysmograph, LM35, Microcontroller, GSM Modem etc…
In the last decade the healthcare monitoring systems have drawn considerable attentions of the researchers. The prime goal was to develop a reliable patient monitoring system so that the healthcare professionals can monitor their patients, who are either hospitalized or executing their normal daily life activities. In this work we present a mobile device based wireless healthcare monitoring system that can provide real time online information about physiological conditions of a patient. Our proposed system is designed to measure and monitor important physiological data of a patient in order to accurately describe the status of her/his health and fitness. In addition the proposed system is able to send alarming message about the patient’s critical health data by text messages or by email reports. By using the information contained in the text or e-mail message the healthcare professional can provide necessary medical
advising. The system mainly consists of sensors, the data acquisition unit, microcontroller (i.e., Arduino), and software (i.e., LabVIEW). The patient’s temperature, heart beat rate, muscles, blood pressure, blood glucose level, and ECG data are monitored, displayed, and stored by our system. To ensure reliability and accuracy the proposed system has been field tested. The test results show that our system is able to measure the patient’s physiological data with a very high accuracy.
Health monitoring system offers a lot of benefits to people life especially for those who have a chronic disease and need daily observation. This health monitoring system will improve quality of life.
Integrating all the devices into one which costs around 2000/- and making it available for poor people. Done it under the guidance of IITM Ph.D scholar Balamurugan.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
This is a advance technology for the checkup of the patient by the doctor. IN this there is a microcontroller whis encode all the sensor data and display on lcd screen and also send to gsm module by this all the pateint psychological data send to mobile in the form of sms .
BIOMEDICAL PROJECT SYNOPSIS&ABSTRACT: Automatic anesthesia controller using h...ASHOKKUMAR RAMAR
PROJECT CENTER TAMBARAM,PROJECT CENTER GUINDY, PROJECT CENTER PALLAVARAM, PROJECT CENTER VELACHERRY, PROJECT CENTER CHROMPET, PROJECT CENTER VADAPALANI,PROJECT CENTER CHENNAI,
Health monitoring is the major problem in today’s world. Due to lack of proper health monitoring, patient suffer from serious health issues. There are lots of IoT devices now days to monitor the health of patient over internet. Health experts are also taking advantage of these smart devices to keep an eye on their patients. With tons of new healthcare technology start-ups, IoT is rapidly revolutionizing the healthcare industry.
Here in this project, we will make an IoT based Health Monitoring System which records the patient heart beat rate and body temperature and also send an email/SMS alert whenever those readings goes beyond critical values. Pulse rate and body temperature readings are recorded over ThingSpeak and Google sheets so that patient health can be monitored from anywhere in the world over internet. A panic will also be attached so that patient can press it on emergency to send email/sms to their relative
Le modalità di acquisto dei software Autodesk stanno cambiando. Dopo il 31 gennaio 2016 non potrai più acquistare nuove licenze permanenti della maggior parte dei prodotti Autodesk. Per essere aggiornato su questa e su tutte le altre novità, contattaci al numero 02 47719331 o scrivi a marketing@oneteam.it .
The epidemic growth of wireless technology and mobile services in this epoch is creating a great impact on our life style. Some early efforts have been taken to utilize these technologies in medical industry. In this field, ECG sensor based advanced wireless patient monitoring system concept is a new innovative idea. This system aims to provide health care to the patient. We have sensed the patient’s ECG through 3 lead electrode system via AD8232 which amplifies minor and small bio-signals to the arduino which processes them, along with saline level. Saline level is detected through IR sensors. The output of the electrical pulse is shown with the serial monitor. The saline level is indicated by LCD. The major output ECG analog signal is displayed on serial plotter. The outputs are displayed through mobile application.
Computer-aided automated detection of kidney disease using supervised learnin...IJECEIAES
In this paper, we propose an efficient home-based system for monitoring chronic kidney disease (CKD). As non-invasive disease identification approaches are gaining popularity nowadays, the proposed system is designed to detect kidney disease from saliva samples. Salivary diagnosis has advanced its popularity over the last few years due to the non-invasive sample collection technique. The use of salivary components to monitor and detect kidney disease is investigated through an experimental investigation. We measured the amount of urea in the saliva sample to detect CKD. Further, this article explains the use of predictive analysis using machine learning techniques and data analytics in remote healthcare management. The proposed health monitoring system classified the samples with an accuracy of 97.1%. With internet facilities available everywhere, this methodology can offer better healthcare services, with real-time decision support in remote monitoring platform.
RECENT ADVANTAGE IN WEARABLE BIOSENSORSsathish sak
Wearable biosensors are the non-obstructive devices that
overcome of the limitations of ambulatory technology.These can be in the form of small shirts , thin badges which allows the continuous monitoring of BP , glucose levels and other biometric data.By developing a 2 way feed back between doctors and patients , the wearable sensors has led to transformation of disorders.
A Low Power Wearable Physiological Parameter Monitoring Systemijsrd.com
The design and development of a low power wearable physiological parameter monitoring system have been developing and reporting in this paper. The system can be used to monitor physiological parameters, such as ECG signals, temperature and heartbeat. The system consists of an electronic device which is worn on the wrist and finger, by an at-risk person. Using several sensors to measure different vital signs, the person is wirelessly monitored within his own home. An epic sensor has been used to detect ECG signals. The device is battery powered for use outdoors. The device can be easily adapted to monitor athletes and infants. The low cost of the device will help to lower the cost of home monitoring of patients recovering from illness. A prototype of the device has been fabricated and extensively tested with very good results.
IOT BASED NON-INVASIVE BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL DETECTION.pptxaseelahkhazi13
Developed and implemented a cutting-edge project aimed at tracking temperature, humidity levels, and toxic gases in the incubator, monitoring the infant's heart rate, and issuing instant alerts for any abnormalities observed.
The ECG signals captured from the body of the patient using three electrode model is processed and
conditioned by the analog front end device is finally sent to the data acquisition unit. The data acquisition
unit used is the user pc/ laptop with MATLAB. Using very specific image processing techniques the critical
intelligence from the captured image is extracted. From this processed image any sort of abnormal
conditions is determined which is informed to the corresponding doctor via text message. Simultaneously
the processed image is sent to the doctor mail by using specific TCP/IP protocol.
GSM technology is used to monitor the different parameters of an ICU patient remotely and also control over medicine dosage is provided. Measurements of vital signs and behavioral patterns can be translated into accurate predictors of health risk ,even at an early stage and can be combined with alarm triggering systems in order to initiate the appropriate actions. The conventional methods including wet adhesive Ag/AgCl electrodes for HR and HRV, the capnograph device for respiratory status and pulse oximetry for oxyhemoglobin saturation provide excellent signals but are expensive, troublesome and inconvenient. A method to monitor physiological information based on GSM offers a new means for health monitoring. In this paper, we review the latest developments in monitoring and discuss the challenges and future directions for this field.
Real Time Implementation and Investigation of Wireless Device of Electrical S...ijtsrd
"Electrical nerve stimulation ENS is the delivery of electricity across the intact surface of the skin to activate underlying nerves generally with the objective of pain relief. Wearable Intensive Nerve Stimulation WINS is an emerging form of ENS in which the device is wearable, automated, and designed for intensive use. This enables regular use throughout the day and night, whenever the patient experiences pain, which is essential for the management of chronic pain. Hence we design and develop a wireless controlled smart tiny wearable medical device that is capable of passing electricity through underlying nerves of human beings for symptomatic relief and management of chronic pain. This project can be applicable for coma persons. When there is a slight improvement in their acceleration, this device will stimulate the peripheral nerves accordingly. Mrs. R. Ponni | S. Manisha | A. Monisha | G. Nandhini | R. Priyatharcini "Real Time Implementation and Investigation of Wireless Device of Electrical Stimulation for Peripheral Nevers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd21672.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/21672/real-time-implementation-and-investigation-of-wireless-device-of-electrical-stimulation-for-peripheral-nevers/mrs-r-ponni
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
Contact with Dawood Bhai Just call on +92322-6382012 and we'll help you. We'll solve all your problems within 12 to 24 hours and with 101% guarantee and with astrology systematic. If you want to take any personal or professional advice then also you can call us on +92322-6382012 , ONLINE LOVE PROBLEM & Other all types of Daily Life Problem's.Then CALL or WHATSAPP us on +92322-6382012 and Get all these problems solutions here by Amil Baba DAWOOD BANGALI
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Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Ieeepro techno solutions ieee 2014 embedded project on shoe wearable sensors for detecting foot neuropathy
1. On Shoe Wearable Sensors For Detecting Foot Neuropathy
Proceedings of 5th
IRF International Conference, Chennai, 23rd
March. 2014, ISBN: 978-93-82702-67-2
24
ON SHOE WEARABLE SENSORS FOR DETECTING FOOT
NEUROPATHY
1
J.JANE CRISPINO, 2
C.SHEEBA JOICE
1
Department of Electronics and Communication, Saveetha Engineering College, Chennai
2
Professor, Department of ECE, Saveetha Engineering College, Chennai.
Abstract - Foot Neuropathy is a serious medical disorder and can be prevented by the early detection of abnormal pressure
patterns under the foot. By a sending imperceptible vibration through the feet of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients
significantly improves the damaged nerves and stimulates blood flow. The methods used in clinics are based on complex
motion laboratory settings or simple timing outcomes using stop watches and Timed Up and Go test. The goal of this paper
is to design and build a low-cost foot pressure and foot movement analysis and blood flow stimulation system, embedded
within smart footwear which a patient can wear at any place to monitor his or her foot pressure distribution to identify and
diagnose foot neuropathy as early as possible. To improve the blood flow the smart footwear has a set of miniature vibrating
motors that stimulate the nerves by vibrating in different amplitude that can be configured individually, started and stopped
by the user. The smart footwear will collect data from inertial sensors and periodically transfer this data to the handheld unit
where it will be stored in a memory card for future reference or for an analysis by a doctor.
Keywords – Parkinson Disease, Vibrating motors, Timed up and go, inertial sensors.
I. INTRODUCTION
Parkinson’s disease is a complex neurodegenerative
disease requiring close monitoring and regular
assessment. PD affects a large group of the
worldwide population. It is estimated that worldwide
4 million people are living with Parkinson’s disease.
The disease affects a part of the brain known as the
“Substania Nigra” which controls movement in the
body. Essentially there is a lack of dopamine
(Neurotransmitter) in the brain when Parkinson’s
disease is present. It is a progressive disease that
usually affects people over 50 years of age however
younger people can also be diagnosed with this
disease and this is known as early onset Parkinson’s
disease (PD). There are a wide range of features
associated with the disease making diagnosis
difficult.
Persons with PD may require frequent and time
consuming visits to specialist centers for assessment
and monitoring. Although the main features of PD are
motor related and therefore impact considerably on
daily life many people with the disease suggest
features that are not motor related can affect quality
of life more so than the motor related features. Home-
based monitoring of PD is a laudable aim that has the
potential to reduce the necessity to attend frequent
consultations with specialist personnel in addition to
offering potentially more precise and continuous
monitoring paradigms sensitively assessing disease
progression and medication effects.
The Timed Up and Go (TUG) test is a widely used
clinical test to assess balance, mobility and fall risk in
the elderly and in patients with Parkinson’s disease
(PD). It consists of rising from a chair, walking 3m at
preferred speed, turning around, returning and sitting.
It is simple and easy to perform in the clinic. The
traditional clinical outcome of this test is its total
duration, which is usually measured by a stopwatch.
Gait is a motor task which is particularly sensitive to
ON–OFF changes in PD. When OFF, PD patients
walk slowly with short shuffling steps affecting the
trajectory of foot, reduced stride length, and less
regular cycle, as shown by the increase of inter stride
variability.
II. METHODOLOGY FOR FOOT
NEUROPATHY ANALYZER
The software used is Embedded C and the developing
tool is proteus. The microcontroller used is ARM
CORTEX M3. It consists of Accelerometer and Flexi
force sensor where Accelerometer is a device used to
sense the vibration and force induced by the foot and
Flexi force sensor is used to sense the pressure
distribution under foot.
Fig. 1 Block diagram of foot neuropathy analyzer.
The block diagram of foot neuropathy analyzer is
shown in Fig.1. The pressure distribution in foot is
given as input to inertial sensors which includes
2. On Shoe Wearable Sensors For Detecting Foot Neuropathy
Proceedings of 5th
IRF International Conference, Chennai, 23rd
March. 2014, ISBN: 978-93-82702-67-2
25
accelerometer gyroscope and flexi force sensors.
Accelerometer is used to measure the force applied.
Flexi force sensors are used to measure the pressure
distribution in foot.
Fig. 2 Normal foot and neuropathy foot.
The schematic of healthy foot and foot affected with
neuropathy is shown in Fig. 2. The blood circulation
in healthy foot is normal and there is abnormal blood
flow in affected foot. The sensors are attached under
the foot. Foot neuropathy is a disease with abnormal
pressure in foot. Whenever a difference in foot
pressure is found due to uneven walking an alert is
issued to the hand held device. The vibrating motor
starts to rotate which is used to stimulate blood flow.
The handheld touch screen unit communicates
wirelessly with the foot attached unit and collects
real-time data, stores it in the memory card for
analysis by a doctor at a later time.
The device monitors the user foot movement using a
3-axis MEMS accelerometer and actively looks for
situations leading to foot injuries. Once the system
detects an anomaly in the user's foot pressure
distribution or foot motion, it issues an alert to the
handheld touch screen device. To improve the blood
flow the smart footwear has a set of miniature
vibrating motors that stimulate the nerves by
vibrating in different amplitude that can be
configured individually, started and stopped by the
user using the handheld touch screen unit.
A.Circuit Description Of Foot Detection Unit
The microcontroller used for foot detection and
handheld system is ARM. The foot unit consists of
flexi force sensors, accelerometer, vibrating motors,
transceiver and ARM microcontroller. The flexi force
sensors are connected to AD0, AD1, AD6 pins of the
microcontroller. These pins convert the analog data
into digital data. The motor driver used to run the
vibrating motors is L293D. The input of the motor
driver is connected to port 1 of the microcontroller.
The number of flexi force sensors and vibrating
motors depends on the severity of disease. Here three
flexi force sensors and three vibrating motors are
used. LSM303DLH is the accelerometer used. The
accelerometer measures the force given by the foot in
units of gravity. The accelerometer is connected to
the fifteenth pin of microcontroller. 12MHZ crystal
oscillator is connected to the microcontroller to
generate the frequency required for operation. MIWI
is the wireless transceiver that uses small, low-power
digital radios based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard.
MIWI communicates with the handheld unit. The
circuit diagram of foot detection system is shown in
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3 Circuit Diagram of foot detection system.
B. Circuit Description of Hand Held Unit
The hand held unit consists of ARM microcontroller,
LCD display and transceiver. The data bus (DB0-
DB7) of the LCD is connected to port 2 of the
microcontroller. The register select of LCD is
connected to port 2. The write and read pins are
connected to port 0 and port 1. Buzzer is connected to
AD0. MIWI transceiver is connected to 47th
pin of
microcontroller. The touch screen controller consists
of serial data in, serial data out and serial clock that
are used to communicate with external peripheral
units. In this system, the foot pressure distribution is
measured by a set flexi force pressure sensors located
on the insole of the shoe. These sensors are based on
force-sensing resistors, whose resistance varies
inversely with the applied force. The footwear unit
measures the pressure sensor outputs and transmits
the information using IEEE 802.15.4 wireless
transceiver to the handheld monitoring unit. The
circuit diagram of hand held device is shown in Fig.
4.
3. On Shoe Wearable Sensors For Detecting Foot Neuropathy
Proceedings of 5th
IRF International Conference, Chennai, 23rd
March. 2014, ISBN: 978-93-82702-67-2
26
Fig. 4 Circuit Diagram of Hand Held Device.
III. RESULT AND DISCUSSIONS
The vibrating motors and sensors are interfaced with
the microcontroller. Here two flexi force sensors are
used. When an anomaly in the foot is detected then
the vibrating motor rotates. The vibrating motor
stimulates the blood. The pressure in the foot is
displayed in the LCD screen. When there is equal
foot pressure then there is no rotation in vibrating
motor. The circuit for foot neuropathy analyzer and
blood flow stimulator for equal pressure is shown in
Fig.5 and Foot pressure detection system when there
is unequal pressure in the foot is shown in Fig. 6.
RA0/AN0
2
RA1/AN1
3
RA2/AN2/VREF-/CVREF
4
RA4/T0CKI/C1OUT
6
RA5/AN4/SS/C2OUT
7
RE0/AN5/RD
8
RE1/AN6/WR
9
RE2/AN7/CS
10
OSC1/CLKIN
13
OSC2/CLKOUT
14
RC1/T1OSI/CCP2
16
RC2/CCP1
17
RC3/SCK/SCL
18
RD0/PSP0
19
RD1/PSP1
20
RB7/PGD
40
RB6/PGC
39
RB5
38
RB4
37
RB3/PGM
36
RB2
35
RB1
34
RB0/INT
33
RD7/PSP7
30
RD6/PSP6
29
RD5/PSP5
28
RD4/PSP4
27
RD3/PSP3
22
RD2/PSP2
21
RC7/RX/DT
26
RC6/TX/CK
25
RC5/SDO
24
RC4/SDI/SDA
23
RA3/AN3/VREF+
5
RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
15
MCLR/Vpp/THV
1
U1
D714D613D512D411D310D29D18D07
E6RW5RS4
VSS1
VDD2
VEE3
LCD1
LM016L
85%
FSR1
1k
IN1
2
OUT1
3
OUT2
6
OUT3
11
OUT4
14
IN2
7
IN3
10
IN4
15
EN1
1
EN2
9
VS
8
VSS
16
GND GND
U2
L293D
85%
FSR2
1k
A
B
C
D
Fig 5.Circuit for Foot Neuropathy Analyzer And Blood Flow
Stimulator for Equal Pressure
The flexi force sensor 1 is connected to analog
channel AN0 and the flexi force sensor 2 is connected
to analog channel AN1.The flexi force sensors are
denoted by FSR1 and FSR2.L293D is the motor
driver used to drive the vibrating motor. The speed of
the vibrating motor is displayed digitally. In Fig. 5,
the output of the flexi force sensors FSR1 and FSR2
are found to be equal pressure. Both the sensor
outputs are 87. Since there is equal pressure there is
no rotation in the vibrating motor. In Fig. 6, the
output of flexi force sensor 1 is 87 and the output of
flexi force sensor 2 is 84. Since there is a difference
in pressure the vibrating motor starts to rotate which
is driven by motor driver.
RA0/AN0
2
RA1/AN1
3
RA2/AN2/VREF-/CVREF
4
RA4/T0CKI/C1OUT
6
RA5/AN4/SS/C2OUT
7
RE0/AN5/RD
8
RE1/AN6/WR
9
RE2/AN7/CS
10
OSC1/CLKIN
13
OSC2/CLKOUT
14
RC1/T1OSI/CCP2
16
RC2/CCP1
17
RC3/SCK/SCL
18
RD0/PSP0
19
RD1/PSP1
20
RB7/PGD
40
RB6/PGC
39
RB5
38
RB4
37
RB3/PGM
36
RB2
35
RB1
34
RB0/INT
33
RD7/PSP7
30
RD6/PSP6
29
RD5/PSP5
28
RD4/PSP4
27
RD3/PSP3
22
RD2/PSP2
21
RC7/RX/DT
26
RC6/TX/CK
25
RC5/SDO
24
RC4/SDI/SDA
23
RA3/AN3/VREF+
5
RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
15
MCLR/Vpp/THV
1
U1
D714D613D512D411D310D29D18D07
E6RW5RS4
VSS1
VDD2
VEE3
LCD1
LM016L
85%
FSR1
1k
IN1
2
OUT1
3
OUT2
6
OUT3
11
OUT4
14
IN2
7
IN3
10
IN4
15
EN1
1
EN2
9
VS
8
VSS
16
GND GND
U2
L293D
83%
FSR2
1k
A
B
C
D
Fig. 6 Foot pressure detection system when there is unequal
pressure in the foot.
The TABLE I shows the FSR value and motor
rotation based on it. When FSR values of Flexi force
sensor1 and Flexi force sensor2 are equal then motor
does not undergo rotation. If both FSR1 and FSR2
values are equal, the vibrating motor rotates.
TABLE 1 FSR VALUE & VIBRATING MOTOR
FSR VALUE Vibrating Motor
Equal No Rotation
Not Equal Rotates
Figure7 shows the hardware of foot detection unit.
The foot unit consists of flexi force sensors,
accelerometer, vibrating motors, MIWI transceiver
and ARM microcontroller. Figure8 shows the
hardware of handheld unit. The hand held unit
consists of ARM microcontroller, LCD display and
MIWI transceiver.
4. On Shoe Wearable Sensors For Detecting Foot Neuropathy
Proceedings of 5th
IRF International Conference, Chennai, 23rd
March. 2014, ISBN: 978-93-82702-67-2
27
Fig 7.Foot Detection System
Fig 8.Handheld Unit
CONCLUSION
This paper discussed about the detection of foot
neuropathy as early as possible in a home based
environment. Flexi force sensors are used to measure
the pressure in foot and if any abnormality is detected
in the foot pressure it is displayed on the hand held
device. The vibrating motors are rotated to stimulate
the blood flow. Thus a low-cost foot pressure and
foot movement analysis and blood flow stimulation
system, embedded within smart footwear is
developed which a patient can wear at any place to
monitor his or her foot pressure distribution to
identify and diagnose foot neuropathy as early as
possible.
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