The document discusses universal precautions for handling potentially infectious materials, especially blood, to prevent transmission of HIV and other bloodborne pathogens. It notes that universal precautions include protective barriers like gloves and gowns, safe work practices like proper disposal of sharps and hand washing. These precautions should be used by all healthcare workers whenever handling blood, body fluids, secretions, or materials potentially contaminated with these substances. The goal is to treat all patients' blood and body fluids as potentially infectious to prevent disease transmission.
Surgical Hand Washing
By Josfeena Bashir
Lecturer, BGSBU, Jammu
Introduction
During the 19th century, surgical hand preparation consisted of washing the hands with antimicrobial soap and warm water, frequently with the use of a brush.
Definition
Hand washing is important in every setting, including hospital. It is an effective infection control measures, as it prevent spread of micro organisms. For routine client care, the CDC recommends a vigorous hand washing under a stream of water for at least 10 seconds using soap.
Purpose
To remove transient and resident bacteria from fingers, hand and forearms.
To prevent the risk of transmission of infection to patients.
To reduce the risk of transmission of infection organisms to oneself.
To prevent cross infection among clients.
Equipments/ Articles Used For Hand Washing
Soap in a soap dish
Bacteriocidal or antimicrobial soap.
Surgical scrub brush
Running water
Towel/ sterile towels
Surgical hand washing Steps of procedure
Done mask, hair cover and booties, if required
Perform 5 to 10 minute surgical scrub using counted brush stroke method.
Remove rings, chipped nail polish and watch.
Contd….
Wet hands and arm from elbows to fingerprints under flowing water (use sink with side or foot pedal).
Place soap, preferably antimicrobial/ bacteriostatic, on hands and rub vigorously for 15 to 30 seconds; use scrub brush gently
Contd….
Using circular motion, scrub all skin areas, joints, fingernails, between finger and so forth (on all sides and 2 inches above elbows); slide ring, if present, up and down while rubbing fingers.
Continue scrub for 5 to 10 min or per agency policy.
Contd…
Rinse hands from fingers to elbow under flow of water.
Repeat soaping, rubbing and rinsing until hands and arms are clean.
Pat hands dry with sterile towel, moving from fingers to wrist.
Demonstration on Medical Hand Washing
Prepared By
Josfeena Bashir
Lecturer, BGSBU,Jammu
Definition
Hand washing is important in every setting, including hospital. It is an effective infection control measures, as it prevent spread of micro organisms. For routine client care, the CDC recommends a vigorous hand washing under a stream of water for at least 10 seconds using soap.
Purpose
To remove transient and resident bacteria from fingers, hand and forearms.
To prevent the risk of transmission of infection to patients.
To reduce the risk of transmission of infection organisms to oneself.
To prevent cross infection among clients.
Equipments/ Articles Used For Hand Washing
Soap in a soap dish
Bacteriocidal or antimicrobial soap.
Surgical scrub brush
Running water
Towel/ sterile towels
Medical hand washing Steps of procedure
File the nails short, ensure the nails are free of nail polish.
Removal all jewellery and wrist watch.
Wet hands from wrist to fingertips under flowing water.
Keep hand and forearms lower than elbows during washing.
Contd…..
Place soap, preferably bacteriostatic, on hands and rub vigorously for 15 to 30 seconds, massing all skin areas, joints, fingernails, between fingers and so forth; slid ring up and down while rubbing fingers ( if unable to remove)
Rinse hands by holding the hands lower than the elbow so that water flows from arm to finger tips.
Dry hands with paper from towel, moving from fingers to wrist to forearm.
Conclusion
Hand washing is important in every setting, including hospital. It is an effective infection control measures, as it prevent spread of micro organisms
Surgical Hand Washing
By Josfeena Bashir
Lecturer, BGSBU, Jammu
Introduction
During the 19th century, surgical hand preparation consisted of washing the hands with antimicrobial soap and warm water, frequently with the use of a brush.
Definition
Hand washing is important in every setting, including hospital. It is an effective infection control measures, as it prevent spread of micro organisms. For routine client care, the CDC recommends a vigorous hand washing under a stream of water for at least 10 seconds using soap.
Purpose
To remove transient and resident bacteria from fingers, hand and forearms.
To prevent the risk of transmission of infection to patients.
To reduce the risk of transmission of infection organisms to oneself.
To prevent cross infection among clients.
Equipments/ Articles Used For Hand Washing
Soap in a soap dish
Bacteriocidal or antimicrobial soap.
Surgical scrub brush
Running water
Towel/ sterile towels
Surgical hand washing Steps of procedure
Done mask, hair cover and booties, if required
Perform 5 to 10 minute surgical scrub using counted brush stroke method.
Remove rings, chipped nail polish and watch.
Contd….
Wet hands and arm from elbows to fingerprints under flowing water (use sink with side or foot pedal).
Place soap, preferably antimicrobial/ bacteriostatic, on hands and rub vigorously for 15 to 30 seconds; use scrub brush gently
Contd….
Using circular motion, scrub all skin areas, joints, fingernails, between finger and so forth (on all sides and 2 inches above elbows); slide ring, if present, up and down while rubbing fingers.
Continue scrub for 5 to 10 min or per agency policy.
Contd…
Rinse hands from fingers to elbow under flow of water.
Repeat soaping, rubbing and rinsing until hands and arms are clean.
Pat hands dry with sterile towel, moving from fingers to wrist.
Demonstration on Medical Hand Washing
Prepared By
Josfeena Bashir
Lecturer, BGSBU,Jammu
Definition
Hand washing is important in every setting, including hospital. It is an effective infection control measures, as it prevent spread of micro organisms. For routine client care, the CDC recommends a vigorous hand washing under a stream of water for at least 10 seconds using soap.
Purpose
To remove transient and resident bacteria from fingers, hand and forearms.
To prevent the risk of transmission of infection to patients.
To reduce the risk of transmission of infection organisms to oneself.
To prevent cross infection among clients.
Equipments/ Articles Used For Hand Washing
Soap in a soap dish
Bacteriocidal or antimicrobial soap.
Surgical scrub brush
Running water
Towel/ sterile towels
Medical hand washing Steps of procedure
File the nails short, ensure the nails are free of nail polish.
Removal all jewellery and wrist watch.
Wet hands from wrist to fingertips under flowing water.
Keep hand and forearms lower than elbows during washing.
Contd…..
Place soap, preferably bacteriostatic, on hands and rub vigorously for 15 to 30 seconds, massing all skin areas, joints, fingernails, between fingers and so forth; slid ring up and down while rubbing fingers ( if unable to remove)
Rinse hands by holding the hands lower than the elbow so that water flows from arm to finger tips.
Dry hands with paper from towel, moving from fingers to wrist to forearm.
Conclusion
Hand washing is important in every setting, including hospital. It is an effective infection control measures, as it prevent spread of micro organisms
This slide show is for visitors and family members of hospitalized patients. It highlights basic hand-washing techniques to prevent further infections in the hospital and how hand washing decreases the risk of spreading infection.
Types of Handwashing and techniques (Surgical Scrub) Yashasvi Verma
This ppt shows all types of hand washing and techniques.
It includes normal handwashing, aseptic handwashing, surgical handwashing and hand rub techniques.
Emergency Surgery Workshop Davos 2011: Presentation by Prof Jürg Kesselring, MD, Member of the International Committee of the Red Cross ICRC, Valens, Switzerland
This slide show is for visitors and family members of hospitalized patients. It highlights basic hand-washing techniques to prevent further infections in the hospital and how hand washing decreases the risk of spreading infection.
Types of Handwashing and techniques (Surgical Scrub) Yashasvi Verma
This ppt shows all types of hand washing and techniques.
It includes normal handwashing, aseptic handwashing, surgical handwashing and hand rub techniques.
Emergency Surgery Workshop Davos 2011: Presentation by Prof Jürg Kesselring, MD, Member of the International Committee of the Red Cross ICRC, Valens, Switzerland
A group of chronic CNS disorders characterized by recurrent seizures.
Seizures are sudden, transitory, and uncontrolled episodes of brain dysfunction resulting from abnormal discharge of neuronal cells with associated motor, sensory or behavioral changes.
The first behavioral interventions designed to stem the spread of HIV were tested over 25 years ago, within just a few years of the first reported cases of AIDS. Interventions grounded in sound theories of behavior change have since been demonstrated effective at reducing high-risk injection and sexual practices in nearly every population with known risks for HIV/AIDS. Yet the epidemic continues thus it has forced everybody to think of a practicable behavioral interventions.
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These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
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These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
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and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
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AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
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of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
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Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
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- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
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Evaluation of antidepressant activity of clitoris ternatea in animals
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2. Definition Trauma is defined as any body wound or shock produced by sudden physical injury, as from accident, injury, or impact.Trauma patients usually require specialized care, including surgery and sometimes blood transfusion
23. If by some reason the blood has fallen on floor, the blood spot must be covered with tissue paper / towel and soaked with disinfectant and left for 30 minutes.
24. After 30 minutes the sanitation staff puts on heavy-duty gloves and mopes the blood spot along with disinfectant.
