Thermal power plants rely heavily on coal as their primary fuel source. Coal handling involves transporting coal from mines to the plant via waterways, rail, road, ropeways or pipelines. At the plant, coal is unloaded and stored either outdoors in piles or heaps, underwater, or in live storage bunkers. Effective coal storage aims to prevent self-ignition through compacting piles and sealing layers to restrict air flow, while live storage supplies coal directly to combustion without mobile equipment. Proper coal handling and storage is critical to ensuring reliable fuel supply for thermal power generation.