Deformation behavior of consecutive workpieces and Stable -Unstable Flow in Materials Processed in equal channel angular pressing and grain refinement.
Design of Equal Channel Angular Extrusion For Grain Refinement Pratik Saxena
Equal Channel Angular Extrusion Grain refinement by severe deformation and FEA of ECAE deformation was carried out using Hyper mesh, Abaqus for optimization of Billet.
Tasks Performed
Effect of friction on Strain
Effect of die angle on Strain
Effect of Fillet radius on Strain
Effect of Thickness on Strain
Conventional processes- Explosive forming, electro-hydraulic
forming, magnetic pulse forming – Principles and process
parameters- Advantages- Limitations and Applications
Design of Equal Channel Angular Extrusion For Grain Refinement Pratik Saxena
Equal Channel Angular Extrusion Grain refinement by severe deformation and FEA of ECAE deformation was carried out using Hyper mesh, Abaqus for optimization of Billet.
Tasks Performed
Effect of friction on Strain
Effect of die angle on Strain
Effect of Fillet radius on Strain
Effect of Thickness on Strain
Conventional processes- Explosive forming, electro-hydraulic
forming, magnetic pulse forming – Principles and process
parameters- Advantages- Limitations and Applications
Improving Mechanical Properties of AL 7075 alloy by Equal Channel Angular Ext...IJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
Improving Mechanical Properties of AL 7075 alloy by Equal Channel Angular Ext...IJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
Manufacturing of Urethane Foams, Flexible Foams, Rigid Foams, Injection and C...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
The global plastics industry is observing a continuous shift of production bases to low-cost Asian countries. With increasing foreign investment and rise in the number of new manufacturing establishments in the region, Asia has become the largest and the fastest growing market for plastics in the world.
PET is a technically challenging material, and making PET preforms –and ultimately, PET bottles – is a highly competitive, quality- and productivity-driven business. The demand for packaging of food & food products has lead to the development of the plastic packaging industry in the country. Among the vast family of plastics, Polyethylene Terephthalate, popularly known as PET, is expected to grow the fastest at 11.0% annually.
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Applications of speciality plastics, Business guidance for PET Preform and Plastics industry, Business start-up, Flexible and Rigid Foams, Flexible Polyurethane Foam, Flexible Polyurethane Foam: Industry, Foam manufacturing process, Foam production process, Formation of urethane foams, How polyurethane foam is made, How polyurethane foam is made, How to make polyurethane foam, How to Start a Foam Production Company, How to Start a PET Preform Production Business, How to Start a Plastic Recycling Manufacturing Business, How to Start a Specialty plastic Manufacturing Business?, How to start a successful PET Preform business, How to Start Specialty plastic Processing Industry in India, Indian polyurethane foam market, Manufacturing of Flexible Foams, Manufacturing of Foams, Manufacturing of Injection and Co-Injection Preform, Manufacturing of Pet & Preform, Manufacturing of Pet Film and Sheet, Manufacturing of Plastic products, Manufacturing of Preform bottles, Manufacturing of Rigid Foams, Manufacturing of Urethane Foams, Manufacturing Polyurethane foams, Most Profitable Specialty plastic Processing Business Ideas, New business model for specialty plastics, New small scale ideas in Specialty plastic processing industry, PE foam, PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) sheets, PET Bottle Making, PET Preform and Plastics Business, PET Preform Based Small Scale Industries Projects, PET Preform making machine factory, PET Preform Making Small Business Manufacturing, PET Preform Making, Pet preform manufacturing process, Pet preform manufacturing, PET Preform Plastic Injection Molding, PET Processing - Injection Molding Plastics Technology, Plastic Manufacturing Company - Business Plan, Plastic packaging industry, Plastic Protective Packaging, Polyethylene foam, Polyurethane Rigid Foam manufacturing process, Polyurethanes, Preform Injection Molding Production
Work Hardening of Metals ( also known as strain hardening or cold working)MANICKAVASAHAM G
Work hardening, also known as strain hardening or cold working, is a process in metallurgy where a metal undergoes plastic deformation at temperatures below its recrystallization point. This plastic deformation leads to an increase in the hardness and strength of the metal. The key characteristic of work hardening is that it occurs through the application of mechanical stress or strain.
Dislocation Density Increase: Cold working increases the density of dislocations within the metal structure. This increased density makes it more difficult for dislocations to move through the crystal lattice, leading to enhanced strength.
Grain Boundaries: The movement of dislocations is impeded by grain boundaries. As dislocation density increases, the chances of dislocations encountering grain boundaries also rise, contributing to the hardening effect.
Numerical modeling and analysis of slabsIjrdt Journal
This paper presents numerical modelling of slabs, linear modelling and analyzing of two way slab in a finite element based programming software ATENA and comparing with SAP for accuracy, The difference in result came to 14.3% hence, tolerable. Considering this, further nonlinear modelling and analysis is done in ATENA for one way and two way rectangular slabs, which includes both material and geometric modelling.Flexural load is applied for analysis of one way and two way slab. The displacement contour and crack pattern of slabs is presented which shows the appropriate behavior of slabs.
SEISMIC BEHAVIOR OF STEEL RIGID FRAME WITH IMPERFECT BRACE MEMBERSIAEME Publication
Model of a steel rigid frame made of thin-walled box section with existence of I-section brace member with initial overall and local imperfection adopted to investigate buckling effects on steel structural behavior as it was subjected to earthquake excitation. In order to take into account of the influence of local deflections on structural response, shell elements were employed to model brace member as well as base columns. Cross sections components with relatively high amplitude of
buckling parameters were considered in different case studies to make it susceptible to develop local deflection. Beam elements were also utilized to develop models with the same specification. FEM method applied to conduct nonlinear time history analysis using earthquake record in in-plane and
out-of-plane direction
Microstructural Analysis of the Influence of Ecap on the Pure Nb Rolling PlaneIJERA Editor
Starting From a sample of pure and pre-deformed niobium by cold rolling a severe plastic deformation process was performed using ECAP (equal channel angular pressing) in order to verify the evolution and distibution of the deformation structures and of hardness in the lamination plane of the material. To make the analysis were used: the Scanning Electron Microscope-SEM, optical microscope and a hardness map to have a better view of how homogeneous or heterogeneous a process is in relation to the other. After comparison it was seen that the process through ecap uniformized the microstructure and hardness of the material.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
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Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
1. Deformation behavior of consecutive workpieces and
Stable -Unstable Flow in Materials Processed in equal
channel angular pressing of solid dies
Chandrakesh Prasad
(IIT Kharagpur ,India)
Reference
1. Joo S.H., Yoon S.C., Jeong H.G., Lee S. and Lee H.S., Deformation behavior of
consecutive workpieces in equal channel angular pressing of solid dies,
J.Mater. Sci.,Vol.47,pp.7877–7882 (2012)
2. Figueiredo R.B., Cetlin P.R. and Langdon T.G., Stable and Unstable Flow in
Materials Processed by Equal-Channel Angular Pressing with an Emphasis on
Magnesium Alloys, Int. J.Miner.Met.Mater.Soci.,Vol.41(A), pp.778-786(2010)
3. Lapovok R.Y., The role of back-pressure in equal channel angular
extrusion,J.Mater.Scie.,Vol.40,pp.341-346(2005)
2. ECAP
The technique is able to refine the microstructure of metals and
alloys, thereby improving their strength according to the Hall-Petch
relationship [1].
Cold work can be accomplished without reduction in the cross
sectional area of the deformed work piece.
3. WHY ECAP ?
Grain Refinement
Hardness improvement
Toughness
Yield strength increased
Conductivity (Cu) improvement
Ref.*Afsari A. ,Int. J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol.,
Vol. 10(4), pp. 215-222 (2014)
Problems With ECAP
Defects in pressured samples
Fracture after some passes
Low Productivity
Time Taking Process
5. Strains obtained during ECAP
εN =(N/ ) [ 2cot {( φ/2)+( Ψ/2) }+ Ψ cosec{( φ/2)+( Ψ/2) }]…(1)
Where,
εN = Strains obtained during ECAP
Ψ = angle of the arc of curvature at the outer
point of intersection of the two channels(20°).
N= Number of pass through die.
Φ = channel angle of die (90° ).
7. Flow Characteristics
Unstable flow at strain-rate
sensitivities of (a) 0 and (b) 0.01
Stable flow at strain rate sensitivities
of (c) 0.05 and (d) 0.1.
10. Prevention of fracture of low ductile
materials during ECAP
Cockcroft–Latham criterion for damage evaluation
The fracture criterion for monotonic deformation
Critical strain for fracture
18. CONCLUSION
In consecutive work-piece ECAP ,no splitting of deformation zones in
second work-piece and lower strain rate observed.
Accumulated damage is significantly reduced in the second work piece.
The folding defect was less pronounced in the second work-piece because of
the back slant head shape.
Plastic instability causes an expansion of the area of the tensile principal
stresses in ECAP and there is a large overlapping of this area with the
deformation zone, giving rise to a large accumulated damage.
The flow-softening effect leads to a displacement of the deformation zone,
hence an enhanced accumulation of damage at the upper surface.
The imposition of a back pressure increases the ability of the billet to fill the
exit channel but does not remove any plastic instabilities such as shear
concentrations.
An imposed back pressure significantly reduces the level of the maximum
principal stresses in the area in which deformation takes place and it leads
to a reduction in the tendency for billet cracking.
The distribution of strain-stress becomes uniform and the low ductile
materials can be extruded without failure.