GSM architecture
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GSM architecture consists of mobile stations, a base station subsystem, and a network switching subsystem. The mobile station includes a mobile equipment and SIM card. The base station subsystem is made up of base transceiver stations that communicate with mobile stations and base station controllers that manage radio resources. The network switching subsystem contains key components like mobile switching centers, home and visitor location registers, and an authentication center that help manage subscriber location and authentication.
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Gsm – global system for mobile communication
The document discusses GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication), including its definition as a 2G cellular standard, system architecture with components like the mobile station, base station subsystem, and network subsystem, basic features like call waiting and advanced features like roaming, future developments like UMTS, and advantages like international roaming capabilities and efficient use of spectrum.
Gsm architecture
GSM is a digital cellular network standard that allows users to roam internationally. It has a modular architecture consisting of mobile stations, base station subsystems, and network switching subsystems. The mobile station includes a mobile equipment and SIM card. The base station subsystem comprises base transceiver stations and base station controllers. The network switching subsystem contains mobile switching centers, home and visitor location registers, and authentication centers that manage subscriber data and authentication. GSM uses cellular networks of hexagonal cells connected to base station controllers and switching centers to provide coverage over wide geographic areas.
GSM Location area update
The document discusses different types of location updating procedures in mobile networks:
1. Location updating type normal occurs when a mobile subscriber (MS) moves to a new location area and needs to update the network of its new location.
2. IMSI attach is used when the MS powers back on in the same location area it was in when it entered detached mode.
3. Periodic registration is used to avoid unnecessary paging and prevent database failures. The MS registers at periodic intervals set by the network operator, from every 6 minutes to every hour.
Wireless Local Loop
Wireless local loop (WLL) provides wireless connections for stationary users as an alternative to wired connections. It targets the "last mile" between a neighborhood access point and end users. Key advantages include lower installation costs than wiring due to reduced digging and infrastructure requirements, as well as rapid deployment. WLL systems face challenges around spectrum licensing, maintaining wireline-level service quality, and planning networks to achieve high penetration levels while supporting limited user mobility within coverage areas. Common WLL technologies include cellular, satellite, and fixed wireless access using licensed or unlicensed spectrum.
TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) is a digital wireless telephone transmission technique that allocates the given bandwidth to different users in different time slots. Each user is only allowed to transmit within their specified time interval. A TDMA frame structure divides each frequency channel into a series of time slots that are assigned to individual users. The advantages of TDMA include allowing a single channel to be used by multiple users, reducing the need for radio transceivers and allowing for smaller cell sizes. However, TDMA requires accurate clocks to avoid time jittering and multipath distortion.
An Overview Of The Gsm System
The document provides an overview of the Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) cellular network. It describes the history and development of GSM as a standardized digital cellular system to overcome issues with earlier analog systems. The key components of GSM include mobile stations containing a terminal and SIM card, a base station subsystem, a network and switching subsystem containing various registers and switches, and an operation and support subsystem. The document outlines the cellular structure using different cell types, and describes aspects of the GSM radio interface such as frequency allocation, multiple access, and processing from source information to radio waves.
Cdma
This document discusses Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) wireless communication technology. It provides an overview of CDMA, including that it uses unique digital codes to allow multiple users to access the same radio channel simultaneously. The document also covers CDMA specifications and standards like IS-95, as well as comparing CDMA to other multiple access technologies like TDMA and FDMA. It addresses topics such as the near-far problem and how CDMA provides advantages like increased network capacity but also challenges like potential self-interference.
GSM channels
Physical channels carry information over the air interface between the mobile station and base transceiver station. Logical channels map user data and signaling information onto physical channels. There are two main types of logical channels - traffic channels which carry call data, and control channels which communicate service information. Control channels include broadcast channels which transmit cell-wide information, common channels used for paging and access procedures, and dedicated channels for signaling during calls or when not on a call. Logical channels are mapped onto physical channels to effectively transmit information wirelessly between network components in a GSM system.
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Gsm – global system for mobile communication
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Gsm architecture
GSM is a digital cellular network standard that allows users to roam internationally. It has a modular architecture consisting of mobile stations, base station subsystems, and network switching subsystems. The mobile station includes a mobile equipment and SIM card. The base station subsystem comprises base transceiver stations and base station controllers. The network switching subsystem contains mobile switching centers, home and visitor location registers, and authentication centers that manage subscriber data and authentication. GSM uses cellular networks of hexagonal cells connected to base station controllers and switching centers to provide coverage over wide geographic areas.
GSM Location area update
The document discusses different types of location updating procedures in mobile networks:
1. Location updating type normal occurs when a mobile subscriber (MS) moves to a new location area and needs to update the network of its new location.
2. IMSI attach is used when the MS powers back on in the same location area it was in when it entered detached mode.
3. Periodic registration is used to avoid unnecessary paging and prevent database failures. The MS registers at periodic intervals set by the network operator, from every 6 minutes to every hour.
Wireless Local Loop
Wireless local loop (WLL) provides wireless connections for stationary users as an alternative to wired connections. It targets the "last mile" between a neighborhood access point and end users. Key advantages include lower installation costs than wiring due to reduced digging and infrastructure requirements, as well as rapid deployment. WLL systems face challenges around spectrum licensing, maintaining wireline-level service quality, and planning networks to achieve high penetration levels while supporting limited user mobility within coverage areas. Common WLL technologies include cellular, satellite, and fixed wireless access using licensed or unlicensed spectrum.
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TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) is a digital wireless telephone transmission technique that allocates the given bandwidth to different users in different time slots. Each user is only allowed to transmit within their specified time interval. A TDMA frame structure divides each frequency channel into a series of time slots that are assigned to individual users. The advantages of TDMA include allowing a single channel to be used by multiple users, reducing the need for radio transceivers and allowing for smaller cell sizes. However, TDMA requires accurate clocks to avoid time jittering and multipath distortion.
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The document provides an overview of the Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) cellular network. It describes the history and development of GSM as a standardized digital cellular system to overcome issues with earlier analog systems. The key components of GSM include mobile stations containing a terminal and SIM card, a base station subsystem, a network and switching subsystem containing various registers and switches, and an operation and support subsystem. The document outlines the cellular structure using different cell types, and describes aspects of the GSM radio interface such as frequency allocation, multiple access, and processing from source information to radio waves.
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Physical channels carry information over the air interface between the mobile station and base transceiver station. Logical channels map user data and signaling information onto physical channels. There are two main types of logical channels - traffic channels which carry call data, and control channels which communicate service information. Control channels include broadcast channels which transmit cell-wide information, common channels used for paging and access procedures, and dedicated channels for signaling during calls or when not on a call. Logical channels are mapped onto physical channels to effectively transmit information wirelessly between network components in a GSM system.
CELLULAR MOBILE RADIO SYSTEMS
Introduction to Cellular Mobile System,
Performance criteria,
uniqueness of mobile radio environment,
operation of cellular systems,
Hexagonal shaped cells,
Analog Cellular systems.
Digital Cellular systems
GSM
This contains GSM arhcitecture, Entities, GSM Protocols, GSM Security, Mobility Management, GSM Frequency Selection, GSM address and identifers etc
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Mobile Data Networks
Prepared referring
Kaveh-Pahlavan-Prashant-Krishnamurthy-Principles-of-Wireless-Networks-A-Unified-Approach
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Localization uses a user's cellular or web connection to identify and track their location. The GSM network uses home and visitor location registers to store information about a user's location. This allows a user's location to be identified worldwide using their phone number. Handover is the process of switching a user's radio connection between base stations to maintain connectivity as the user moves.
Gsm architecture
The document provides an overview of GSM architecture including:
1. GSM uses a cellular network architecture with base stations, base station controllers, mobile switching centers, and databases to manage subscriber identity and location.
2. The network allows for voice calls and data services including SMS, and provides security through subscriber authentication and encryption.
3. GSM is a global standard that enabled international roaming and continues to evolve to support higher data rates through technologies like GPRS, EDGE, and WCDMA.
Gsm call routing
This document provides an overview of call routing in GSM networks. It discusses key components like the Home Location Register (HLR) and Visitor Location Register (VLR) that store subscriber data. It then describes different call routing scenarios like mobile originated calls, mobile terminated calls, and roaming calls. It explains the signaling process and interactions between network elements like the mobile station, base station, MSC, HLR, and other switches. Finally, it briefly discusses the handover process to transfer calls between base stations when a mobile changes location.
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This document provides an overview of Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) technology. It discusses the history and evolution of GSM from 1G to future 5G networks. The key components of a GSM network are described, including the mobile equipment, subscriber identity module, base station system consisting of base transceiver stations and base station controllers, mobile switching center, home location register, visitor location register, and authentication center. Applications, advantages like worldwide connectivity, and disadvantages like limited range are highlighted. The presentation concludes with references and an acknowledgment.
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GSM is a second generation cellular technology developed to provide digital voice and data services using TDMA and FDMA. It initially provided circuit switched services but later added packet switched capabilities with GPRS. The key components of GSM are the mobile station, base station subsystem including base transceiver stations and base station controllers, and the network switching subsystem centered around mobile switching centers and databases like HLR, VLR, EIR and AUC. GSM supports various voice and data services as well as supplementary services and saw continual upgrades over time to improve data capabilities.
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This document summarizes key concepts in propagation models for wireless mobile communications. It discusses free space losses, plane earth losses, and models for the wireless channel including macrocells, shadowing, narrowband fast fading, and wideband fast fading. Empirical and physical statistical models are described for modeling propagation in different environments like urban, suburban, and rural areas. Deterministic and statistical models are presented for modeling narrowband fast fading effects.
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CDMA stands for Code Division Multiple Access. It is a digital wireless communication technology that allows multiple users to access a single channel using unique code assignments. CDMA has evolved through standards like IS-95, CDMA2000, and WCDMA. It provides benefits like increased capacity, soft handoffs, and lower power consumption compared to other technologies. While CDMA has advantages, it also faces challenges like higher licensing costs and reduced coverage area with increasing subscriber loads. Overall, CDMA remains an effective multiple access technique for wireless communications.
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This document provides an introduction to GSM networks and their history. It discusses [1] the origins and evolution of cellular networks prior to GSM, [2] the formation of GSM in 1982 to develop a pan-European cellular standard, and [3] the key phases and advances of GSM technology over time, including digital voice services, SMS, and mobile data. The document also outlines some of the main advantages of GSM networks, including international roaming, security, voice quality, and their use of a single global standard.
Wireless networking
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Gsm architecture and interfaces Telebeans
The GSM system architecture is divided into three major systems: the Switching System (SS), the Base Station System (BSS), and the Operation and Support System (OSS). The SS handles call processing and subscriber functions and includes the MSC, HLR, VLR, and other registers. The BSS handles radio functions and includes the BSC and BTS. The OSS manages errors, configuration, faults, and performance across the network. Key interfaces include the A interface between MSC and BSS, the B interface between MSC and VLR, and the Um interface between MS and BTS.
cellular concepts in wireless communication
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1) Frequency reuse in cellular networks results in co-channel interference from signals using the same frequency band but located in different cells.
2) Under normal conditions, co-channel signals do not interfere due to being located outside the cell boundary. However, troposcattering and transmission power issues can cause co-channel interference.
3) Measuring the carrier-to-interference ratio and carrier-to-noise ratio can help quantify co-channel interference levels. Frequency reuse increases spectrum efficiency but also co-channel interference, so reduction techniques are important.
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Cellular communication systems have evolved through multiple generations from analog 1G to digital 4G systems. A cellular network is divided into geographical areas called cells served by base transceiver stations. Cells are grouped into clusters where frequencies are reused to allow for more subscribers. When making a call, the cellular phone registers with the local base station which routes the call through switching centers to establish communication with the intended recipient. Modern cellular networks support additional services beyond voice like texting, internet access, and location tracking through technologies like GSM that employ protocols like TDMA for efficient frequency usage.
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Ch5
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GSM lect 5.pptx
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GSM Architecture
GSM is a second generation cellular standard developed to provide voice and data services using digital modulation. It has a global architecture consisting of mobile stations, base station subsystems, and a network switching subsystem. The network switching subsystem includes components like the mobile switching center, home location register, visitor location register, and others that work together to manage communication and mobility. GSM uses digital encryption and authentication to provide secure communication and prevent fraud. It has been enhanced over time to support additional data capabilities and services.
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CELLULAR MOBILE RADIO SYSTEMS
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Performance criteria,
uniqueness of mobile radio environment,
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This contains GSM arhcitecture, Entities, GSM Protocols, GSM Security, Mobility Management, GSM Frequency Selection, GSM address and identifers etc
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The document describes the GSM signaling protocol architecture, which includes protocols for radio resource management, mobility management, connection management, and the mobile application part (MAP). It focuses on the radio resource management layer, which handles radio channel configuration and handovers between cells and base stations. It also describes the control channels used for signaling between mobiles and base stations, and the mobility management layer, which handles location updates as subscribers move between different areas. Finally, it provides details on the BSS application part (BSSAP), which includes the direct transfer application part (DTAP) and BSS management application part (BSSMAP) to transfer messages between network components.
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Prepared referring
Kaveh-Pahlavan-Prashant-Krishnamurthy-Principles-of-Wireless-Networks-A-Unified-Approach
Localization & calling
Localization uses a user's cellular or web connection to identify and track their location. The GSM network uses home and visitor location registers to store information about a user's location. This allows a user's location to be identified worldwide using their phone number. Handover is the process of switching a user's radio connection between base stations to maintain connectivity as the user moves.
Gsm architecture
The document provides an overview of GSM architecture including:
1. GSM uses a cellular network architecture with base stations, base station controllers, mobile switching centers, and databases to manage subscriber identity and location.
2. The network allows for voice calls and data services including SMS, and provides security through subscriber authentication and encryption.
3. GSM is a global standard that enabled international roaming and continues to evolve to support higher data rates through technologies like GPRS, EDGE, and WCDMA.
Gsm call routing
This document provides an overview of call routing in GSM networks. It discusses key components like the Home Location Register (HLR) and Visitor Location Register (VLR) that store subscriber data. It then describes different call routing scenarios like mobile originated calls, mobile terminated calls, and roaming calls. It explains the signaling process and interactions between network elements like the mobile station, base station, MSC, HLR, and other switches. Finally, it briefly discusses the handover process to transfer calls between base stations when a mobile changes location.
GSM. Global System for Mobile Communication.
This document provides an overview of Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) technology. It discusses the history and evolution of GSM from 1G to future 5G networks. The key components of a GSM network are described, including the mobile equipment, subscriber identity module, base station system consisting of base transceiver stations and base station controllers, mobile switching center, home location register, visitor location register, and authentication center. Applications, advantages like worldwide connectivity, and disadvantages like limited range are highlighted. The presentation concludes with references and an acknowledgment.
The GSM Technology
GSM is a second generation cellular technology developed to provide digital voice and data services using TDMA and FDMA. It initially provided circuit switched services but later added packet switched capabilities with GPRS. The key components of GSM are the mobile station, base station subsystem including base transceiver stations and base station controllers, and the network switching subsystem centered around mobile switching centers and databases like HLR, VLR, EIR and AUC. GSM supports various voice and data services as well as supplementary services and saw continual upgrades over time to improve data capabilities.
Propagation Model
This document summarizes key concepts in propagation models for wireless mobile communications. It discusses free space losses, plane earth losses, and models for the wireless channel including macrocells, shadowing, narrowband fast fading, and wideband fast fading. Empirical and physical statistical models are described for modeling propagation in different environments like urban, suburban, and rural areas. Deterministic and statistical models are presented for modeling narrowband fast fading effects.
Presentation on CDMA
CDMA stands for Code Division Multiple Access. It is a digital wireless communication technology that allows multiple users to access a single channel using unique code assignments. CDMA has evolved through standards like IS-95, CDMA2000, and WCDMA. It provides benefits like increased capacity, soft handoffs, and lower power consumption compared to other technologies. While CDMA has advantages, it also faces challenges like higher licensing costs and reduced coverage area with increasing subscriber loads. Overall, CDMA remains an effective multiple access technique for wireless communications.
Telecom Roaming Overview
Roaming allows mobile subscribers to access voice and data services outside their home network coverage area by using a visited network. It requires roaming agreements between operators. There are several entities involved including home networks, visited networks, and clearing houses. Roaming can be national, international, or between different standards. Inbound roaming refers to customers of other operators using a home operator's network, while outbound refers to home customers using other networks. Roaming scenarios describe how calls are routed for subscribers roaming within and between networks. GSM technology benefits roaming by providing worldwide access across standards through a single number and device.
GSM Architecture
This document provides an introduction to GSM networks and their history. It discusses [1] the origins and evolution of cellular networks prior to GSM, [2] the formation of GSM in 1982 to develop a pan-European cellular standard, and [3] the key phases and advances of GSM technology over time, including digital voice services, SMS, and mobile data. The document also outlines some of the main advantages of GSM networks, including international roaming, security, voice quality, and their use of a single global standard.
Wireless networking
The document provides information on the evolution of wireless networks from 1G to 3G. It discusses the key components and architecture of cellular systems including base stations, mobile switching centers and their connection to the public switched telephone network. It also compares the differences between wireless and wired networks, and describes some of the limitations of early wireless networking. Finally, it covers topics like traffic routing, circuit switching, packet switching and the X.25 protocol.
Gsm architecture and interfaces Telebeans
The GSM system architecture is divided into three major systems: the Switching System (SS), the Base Station System (BSS), and the Operation and Support System (OSS). The SS handles call processing and subscriber functions and includes the MSC, HLR, VLR, and other registers. The BSS handles radio functions and includes the BSC and BTS. The OSS manages errors, configuration, faults, and performance across the network. Key interfaces include the A interface between MSC and BSS, the B interface between MSC and VLR, and the Um interface between MS and BTS.
cellular concepts in wireless communication
The document discusses the concept of frequency reuse in cellular networks. It explains that a limited radio spectrum is used to serve millions of subscribers by dividing the network coverage area into cells and reusing frequencies across spatially separated cells. Each cell is allocated a portion of the total available frequencies, and neighboring cells are assigned different frequencies to minimize interference. The frequency reuse factor is defined as the ratio of the minimum distance between co-channel cells to the cell radius. Larger frequency reuse factors provide better isolation between co-channel cells but reduce network capacity. The document also covers additional topics like different channel assignment strategies, handoff methods, interference calculation and optimization of frequency reuse networks.
Interferences
1) Frequency reuse in cellular networks results in co-channel interference from signals using the same frequency band but located in different cells.
2) Under normal conditions, co-channel signals do not interfere due to being located outside the cell boundary. However, troposcattering and transmission power issues can cause co-channel interference.
3) Measuring the carrier-to-interference ratio and carrier-to-noise ratio can help quantify co-channel interference levels. Frequency reuse increases spectrum efficiency but also co-channel interference, so reduction techniques are important.
Cellular communication
Cellular communication systems have evolved through multiple generations from analog 1G to digital 4G systems. A cellular network is divided into geographical areas called cells served by base transceiver stations. Cells are grouped into clusters where frequencies are reused to allow for more subscribers. When making a call, the cellular phone registers with the local base station which routes the call through switching centers to establish communication with the intended recipient. Modern cellular networks support additional services beyond voice like texting, internet access, and location tracking through technologies like GSM that employ protocols like TDMA for efficient frequency usage.
Space time coding in mimo
Space time coding is used in MIMO wireless systems to improve communication performance by exploiting spatial diversity. It uses multiple transmit and receive antennas. The Alamouti code is a simple and effective space time block code that achieves full transmit diversity without requiring channel state information at the transmitter. It transmits symbols from two transmit antennas in two time slots so that the receiver can recover the symbols with low complexity decoding. MIMO combined with space time coding can provide high data rates, minimize errors, and increase capacity for wireless applications such as 4G networks.
Ch5
This document provides an overview of the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). It discusses how GSM uses a combination of Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) and Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) to maximize channel usage. It also describes the key components of GSM including the mobile station, base station subsystem, network switching subsystem, and operation and support subsystem. Additionally, it covers functions like frequency reuse, handovers, short message service, speech coding, and call routing in GSM networks.
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GSM is a second generation cellular standard developed to provide voice and data services using digital modulation. It has a global architecture consisting of mobile stations, base station subsystems, and a network switching subsystem. The network switching subsystem includes components like the mobile switching center, home location register, visitor location register, and others that work together to manage communication and mobility. GSM uses digital encryption and authentication to provide secure communication and prevent fraud. It has been enhanced over time to support additional data capabilities and services.
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Good for students analysin రేపు మా ఊరి పండుగ కాబట్టి అందరూ తప్పక రావాలి.ఇది నా అభ్యర్థన, నేను ఇక్కడే ఉన్నాను.
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GSM is a second generation cellular standard developed to provide voice and data services using digital modulation. It has a three-part architecture including the mobile station, base station subsystem, and network switching subsystem. The base station subsystem handles radio resources and mobility management, while the network switching subsystem includes registers for subscriber data and authentication. GSM provides services like voice calls, SMS, and data transmission at rates up to 115 kbps. It offers security, international roaming, and is being succeeded by 3G technologies providing higher data rates.
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The document describes the architecture of GSM networks. It discusses the key components including the mobile station, base station subsystem (BSS), and network subsystem (NSS). The mobile station consists of mobile equipment and a subscriber identity module (SIM) card. The BSS comprises base transceiver stations and a base station controller. The NSS combines switches like the mobile switching center with databases like the home location register and visitor location register that track subscriber locations and identities.
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Global system for mobile communication(GSM)
~Introduction
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~GSM Entities
~SMS Service In GSM
~Call Routing In GSM
~PLMN Interfaces
~GSM Addresses and Identifiers
~Network aspects in GSM
~Handover
~Mobility Management
~GSM Frequency Allocation
~Authentication and Security In GSM
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BSS Architecture
NSS Architecture
OSS Architecture
Handovers
GSM Architecture.ppt
GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) is a digital cellular network developed in the 1980s to provide voice and data services. It uses TDMA technology to allow multiple users to access radio channels simultaneously over the same radio frequency. The GSM network architecture consists of mobile stations, base station subsystems, and network switching subsystems. GSM has evolved over time to support higher data speeds and now provides up to 2Mbps data rates. It is an open, digital standard used by over 4 billion people across more than 212 countries and territories.
GSM Presentation
This document provides an overview of the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). It discusses that GSM was created in 1982 to set a standard for mobile communications and the first system was deployed in 1991. The GSM architecture includes the mobile station, base station subsystem consisting of base transceiver stations and base station controllers, and the network and switching subsystem including mobile switching centers, home location register, and authentication center. GSM operates in the 900MHz and 1800MHz bands in India and uses frequency division duplex to provide communications between mobile devices and the network.
Rk 3 gsm network
The document provides an overview of the Global System for Mobile (GSM) network. It discusses the history and development of GSM, the key components of GSM architecture including the mobile station, base station subsystem, and network switching subsystem. It also describes the technical specifications of GSM such as frequency spectrum, frame structure, channels, and security features. Finally, it discusses the applications and future developments of GSM networks including 2.5G and 3G technologies.
Rk 3 gsm network @guddu
The document provides an overview of the Global System for Mobile (GSM) network. It discusses the history and development of GSM, the key components of GSM architecture including the mobile station, base station subsystem, and network switching subsystem. It also describes the technical specifications of GSM such as frequency spectrum, frame structure, channels, and security features. Finally, it discusses the applications and future developments of GSM networks including 2.5G and 3G technologies.
CELLULAR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
The 3 main components of a cellular communication system are:
1. The Mobile Station (MS), which includes the mobile device and SIM card.
2. The Base Station Subsystem (BSS), which includes the base transceiver station (BTS) and base station controller (BSC).
3. The Network and Switching Subsystem (NSS), which is centered around the Mobile Switching Center (MSC) and also includes the Home Location Register (HLR), Visitor Location Register (VLR), Authentication Center (AuC), Equipment Identity Register (EIR), Gateway MSC (GMSC), and SMS Gateway. The MSC manages calls and tracks the location of mobile users, with help from
6_2019_04_17!05_57_06_AM.pptx
The document provides an overview of the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) network. It discusses:
1. The key features of GSM that have led to its popularity, including international roaming, low-cost devices, high quality speech, and support for new services.
2. The different areas that make up a GSM network, including cells, location areas, MSC/VLR service areas, and public land mobile networks (PLMNs).
3. The main components of the GSM network architecture, which are the mobile station, base station subsystem (BSS), network and switching subsystem (NSS), and operation and support subsystem (OSS). The BSS handles communication with
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GSM architecture
- 1. TOPIC – GSM ARCHITECTURE Name- Marmik Kothari(140410111027) Subject- Wireless Communication Branch/Year : EC LY
- 2. What is GSM ? Global System for Mobile (GSM) is a second generation cellular standard developed to cater voice services and data delivery using digital modulation .
- 4. GSM SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE-I Mobile Station (MS) Mobile Equipment (ME) Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) Base Station Subsystem (BSS) Base Transceiver Station (BTS) Base Station Controller (BSC) Network Switching Subsystem(NSS) Mobile Switching Center (MSC) Home Location Register (HLR) Visitor Location Register (VLR) Authentication Center (AUC) Equipment Identity Register (EIR)
- 5. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE MOBILE STATION (MS) The Mobile Station is made up of two entities: 1.Mobile Equipment (ME) 2.Subscriber Identity Module (SIM)
- 6. MOBILE EQUIPMENT Portable, vehicle mounted, hand held device Uniquely identified by an IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity) Voice and data transmission Monitoring power and signal quality of surrounding cells for optimum handover Power level : 0.8W – 20 W 160 character long SMS.
- 7. SUBSCRIBER IDENTITY MODULE(SIM) Smart card contains the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) Allows user to send and receive calls and receive other subscribed services Protected by a password or PIN Can be moved from phone to phone – contains key information to activate the phone
- 8. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE BASE STATION SUBSYSTEM (BSS) Base Station Subsystem is composed of two parts that communicate across the standardized Abis interface allowing operation between components made by different suppliers 1.Base Transceiver Station (BTS) 2.Base Station Controller (BSC)
- 9. BASE TRANSCEIVER STATION (BTS): Encodes, encrypts, multiplexes, modulates and feeds the RF signals to the antenna. Communicates with Mobile station and BSC Consists of Transceivers (TRX) units
- 10. BASE STATION CONTROLLER (BSC) Manages Radio resources for BTS Assigns Frequency and time slots for all MS’s in its area Handles call set up Handover for each MS It communicates with MSC and BTS
- 11. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE NETWORK SWITCHING SUBSYSTEM(NSS) The system contains the following functional units Mobile Switching Center (MSC) Home Location Register (HLR) Visitor Location Register (VLR) Authentication Center (AUC) Equipment Identity Register (EIR)
- 12. MOBILE SWITCHING CENTER (MSC) • Heart of the network • Manages communication between GSM and other networks • Billing information and collection • Mobility management - Registration - Location Updating - Inter BSS and inter MSC call handoff
- 13. HOME LOCATION REGISTERS (HLR) Stores information about each subscriber that belongs to it MSC in permanent and temporary fashion. As soon as mobile subscriber leaves its current local area, the information in the HLR is updated. database contains IMSI, MSISDN, prepaid/ postpaid, roaming restrictions, supplementary services.
- 14. VISITOR LOCATION REGISTERS (VLR) Temporary database which updates whenever new MS enters its area, by HLR database Assigns a TMSI to each MS entering the VLR area which keeps on •changing. Controls those mobiles roaming in its area Database contains IMSI, MSISDN, Location Area, authentication •key
- 15. AUTHENTICATION CENTER (AUC) Contains the algorithms for authentication as well as the keys for encryption. Protects network operators from fraud. Situated in special protected part of the HLR.
- 16. EQUIPMENT IDENTITY REGISTER (EIR) Stores all devices identifications registered for this network. Database that is used to track handsets using the IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity) Prevents calls from stolen, unauthorised or defective mobile devices
- 17. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE CENTRE (OMC) The centralized operation of the various units in the system and functions needed to maintain the subsystems. Dynamic monitoring and controlling of the network. Functions : - configuration management - fault report and alarm handling - performance supervision/management - storage of system software and data
- 18. Thank You !