Group Technology (GT) is a manufacturing philosophy that groups components together based on their geometric similarity or manufacturing process. GT aims to maximize output, reduce lead times and material handling, and reduce scrap. Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS) use computer-controlled machines interconnected by automated material handling to improve utilization rates, reduce floor space needs, and lower manufacturing lead times. Supply Chain Management (SCM) coordinates the flow of materials, information, and finances between suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, and consumers with the goal of delivering the right products in the right quantities at the right locations and times.

1. Group Technology (GT)
GT is a manufacturing philosophy in
which components are grouped
together to form families on the basis
of geometrical similarity or
manufacturing process.

2. TYPES OF PRODUCTION
Batch Production :
• They are grouped together in such a way that
same process in a single department.
• It has large amount of travel for the part.
Mass Production :
• They are arranged in a sequence in which
operations are carried out and movement will be
smooth
• Thus part does not have to travel a lot in the
shop.

3. BATCH PRODUCTION

4. ADVANTAGES OF GT
• Maximizes the output
• Less lead time
• Less setting time
• Reduced scrap
• Reduced material handling

5. FLEXIBLE MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS
(FMS)
• It is a production system consisting of sets of
CNC machine tool, inter-connected by an
automated material handling and storage
system & controlled by a central computer
system.

6. COMPONENTS OF FMS
• Workstations
• Material Handling & Storage Systems
• Computer Control Systems
• Human Resources

7. FMS layout

8. BENEFITS OF FMS
• It has higher avg. utilization than machines in
a conventional batch production shop.
• Because of a higher m/c utilization, fewer m/c
are required.
•It requires lesser floor area.
•Lower manufacturing lead times
•Reduced direct labour requirements.

9. SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
(SCM)
• SCM deals with management of materials,
information & financial flows in a network
consisting of suppliers, manufacturers,
distributors and consumers.
• The objective is to produced & distribute
the product in right quantities at right
location and at a right time.

10. EVOLUTION OF SCM

11. WHY FOCUS ON SCM ???
1. Customer expectations are moving in the direction of
• Increased value addition & cost consciousness.
• Response time & information sensitivity.
• need of reliability.
2. Increased competition forcing industries towards
• Reducing lead times.
• Reduce cost.
3. Change of attitude forcing industry managers
• Need of integration & partnerships.
• Continuous improvement of processes.

12. SCM INVOLVES 2 STRATERGIES
Pull system
• It is based on actual
demand.
• Customer order cycle.
• Objective is to maximize
service level.
• Lead time is short.
• It has low complexity.
• Examples are Dell,
Compaq, Amazon etc.
Push system
• It is based on forecast.
• Procurement, m/f &
replenishment cycles.
• Objective is to minimize
the cost.
• Lead time is long.
• It has high complexity.
• Examples are Toyota,
Volkswagen, GM etc.

13. TOP 25 SUPPLY CHAINS

14. SUPPLY CHAIN FOR BREAD
STAGE OF PRODUCTION VALUE ADDED VALUE OF PRODUCT
Farmer produces &
harvests wheat
2.33 2.33
Wheat transported to mill 1.24 3.57
Mill produces floor 2.33 5.90
Floor transported to baker 1.25 7.15
Baker produces bread 8.35 15.50
Bread transported to
grocery store
1.25 16.75
Grocery store displays and
sells bread
3.25 20.00
Total value-added 20.00

15. BENEFITS OF SCM
• Inventory reduction
• Productivity improvement
• Cost reduction
• High customer satisfaction
• Increased profit
• On-time delivery fulfillment
• Better cash management
• Better order management