Generations of computers
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This document summarizes the five generations of computers from 1942 to the present. The first generation used vacuum tubes and ran from 1942-1954. The second generation used transistors from 1952-1964. The third generation used integrated circuits from 1964-1972. The fourth generation used VLSI technology from 1972-1990. The fifth generation began in 1990 and uses ULSI technology with a focus on parallel processing and artificial intelligence.
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Generation of computer
This document summarizes the five generations of computers based on changes in technology. The first generation used vacuum tubes and were very large and expensive. The second generation used transistors and were smaller and cheaper than the first. The third generation used integrated circuits which made computers even smaller and less expensive. The fourth generation used microprocessors and VLSI circuits, allowing for the development of personal computers. The fifth generation uses ULSI technology and has led to true artificial intelligence and highly portable devices like laptops and tablets.
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This document provides an overview of the five generations of computers from 1946 to the present. The first generation used vacuum tubes and were very large, expensive machines. The second generation used transistors, which made computers smaller and more reliable. The third generation used integrated circuits, enabling smaller size and higher performance. The fourth generation used VLSI chips and microprocessors, leading to personal computers. The fifth generation uses ULSI technology and focuses on artificial intelligence and parallel processing.
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Computer Architecture
The document discusses the five generations of computers from the earliest abacus to the current era of artificial intelligence. The first generation used vacuum tubes, the second used transistors which were smaller than tubes. The third generation used integrated circuits, which placed multiple transistors on a single chip. The fourth generation began the use of microprocessors on a single chip allowing for smaller and more powerful personal computers. The potential fifth generation may involve artificial intelligence and natural language capabilities.
Generations of Computers
The document discusses the five generations of computers from the first to the present. The first generation used vacuum tubes from 1946-1957 and were large, expensive, unreliable, and generated a lot of heat. The second generation used transistors from 1956-1963, which made computers smaller, faster, and more reliable. The third generation from 1964-1970 used integrated circuits, improving speed and memory while reducing size and cost. The fourth generation from 1971-present used microprocessors and VLSI chips, making computers smaller, more powerful, and affordable with a variety of software. The goal of the ongoing fifth generation is to develop artificial intelligence for natural language understanding and thinking capabilities.
Generation of computer
The document discusses the five generations of computers from 1942 to the present. The first generation used vacuum tubes and marked the beginning of computers. The second generation used transistors, which were cheaper, consumed less power and were more compact than vacuum tubes. The third generation used integrated circuits instead of transistors, making computers smaller, more reliable and efficient. The fourth generation used very large scale integrated circuits and languages like C and C++. The fifth generation uses ultra large scale integration technology, resulting in microprocessor chips with tens of millions of components.
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The document discusses the six generations of computers from 1946 to present. The first generation used vacuum tubes that produced a lot of heat. The second generation used transistors instead of vacuum tubes. The third generation used integrated circuits which had many transistors on a single chip. The fourth generation used VLSI circuits with thousands of transistors on a single chip enabling microcomputers. The fifth generation was a Japanese initiative to create massively parallel computers using logic programming. The sixth generation Intel processors deliver enhanced performance at low power levels and support various device designs from mobile to desktops.
Computer architecher presentation
This document discusses the five generations of computers from the 1940s to present. It provides details on the defining technologies of each generation including vacuum tubes, transistors, integrated circuits, microprocessors, and ultra-large-scale integration. For each generation, it lists examples of prominent computers from that era and their key features and limitations. The document serves to outline the major developments over time that have made computers smaller, faster, more powerful and energy efficient.
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Generation of computer
This document summarizes the five generations of computers based on changes in technology. The first generation used vacuum tubes and were very large and expensive. The second generation used transistors and were smaller and cheaper than the first. The third generation used integrated circuits which made computers even smaller and less expensive. The fourth generation used microprocessors and VLSI circuits, allowing for the development of personal computers. The fifth generation uses ULSI technology and has led to true artificial intelligence and highly portable devices like laptops and tablets.
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This document provides an overview of the five generations of computers from 1946 to the present. The first generation used vacuum tubes and were very large, expensive machines. The second generation used transistors, which made computers smaller and more reliable. The third generation used integrated circuits, enabling smaller size and higher performance. The fourth generation used VLSI chips and microprocessors, leading to personal computers. The fifth generation uses ULSI technology and focuses on artificial intelligence and parallel processing.
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All 5 Generations in this ppt. I hove you like this and Give me a Feedback for my Positive attitude. More seen and more Enjoy. Thank you
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The document discusses the five generations of computers from the earliest abacus to the current era of artificial intelligence. The first generation used vacuum tubes, the second used transistors which were smaller than tubes. The third generation used integrated circuits, which placed multiple transistors on a single chip. The fourth generation began the use of microprocessors on a single chip allowing for smaller and more powerful personal computers. The potential fifth generation may involve artificial intelligence and natural language capabilities.
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The document discusses the five generations of computers from the first to the present. The first generation used vacuum tubes from 1946-1957 and were large, expensive, unreliable, and generated a lot of heat. The second generation used transistors from 1956-1963, which made computers smaller, faster, and more reliable. The third generation from 1964-1970 used integrated circuits, improving speed and memory while reducing size and cost. The fourth generation from 1971-present used microprocessors and VLSI chips, making computers smaller, more powerful, and affordable with a variety of software. The goal of the ongoing fifth generation is to develop artificial intelligence for natural language understanding and thinking capabilities.
Generation of computer
The document discusses the five generations of computers from 1942 to the present. The first generation used vacuum tubes and marked the beginning of computers. The second generation used transistors, which were cheaper, consumed less power and were more compact than vacuum tubes. The third generation used integrated circuits instead of transistors, making computers smaller, more reliable and efficient. The fourth generation used very large scale integrated circuits and languages like C and C++. The fifth generation uses ultra large scale integration technology, resulting in microprocessor chips with tens of millions of components.
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The document discusses the six generations of computers from 1946 to present. The first generation used vacuum tubes that produced a lot of heat. The second generation used transistors instead of vacuum tubes. The third generation used integrated circuits which had many transistors on a single chip. The fourth generation used VLSI circuits with thousands of transistors on a single chip enabling microcomputers. The fifth generation was a Japanese initiative to create massively parallel computers using logic programming. The sixth generation Intel processors deliver enhanced performance at low power levels and support various device designs from mobile to desktops.
Computer architecher presentation
This document discusses the five generations of computers from the 1940s to present. It provides details on the defining technologies of each generation including vacuum tubes, transistors, integrated circuits, microprocessors, and ultra-large-scale integration. For each generation, it lists examples of prominent computers from that era and their key features and limitations. The document serves to outline the major developments over time that have made computers smaller, faster, more powerful and energy efficient.
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The document discusses the history of early computers, including the ENIAC which was the first general purpose electronic computer invented in 1946 using 18,000 vacuum tubes. It also mentions the UNIVAC 1, developed in 1951 by Eckert and Mauchly, as the first commercial electronic computer that could process both numeric and text data. Finally, it provides an overview of the five generations of computers from first to fifth generation machines.
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This document discusses the key features of 2nd generation computers, which used transistors and were built between 1959-1963. Some examples include the IBM 1620, IBM 7094, CDC 1604 and CDC 3600. 2nd generation computers were more reliable than 1st generation ones due to their smaller size and production of less heat. While faster and more efficient than previous models, 2nd generation computers remained very costly and required AC power. They also supported machine and assembly languages.
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First generation computers from 1940-1956 used vacuum tubes, were room-sized, relied on machine language, and were expensive to operate due to high electricity use and heat generation. Examples include the UNIVAC and ENIAC. Second generation computers from 1956-1963 replaced vacuum tubes with transistors, used symbolic and high-level programming languages like early versions of COBOL and FORTRAN, and stored instructions in memory. Third generation computers from 1964-1971 featured integrated circuits, silicon chips, interaction through keyboards/monitors with operating systems, and ability to run multiple applications simultaneously.
Generations of computers
This document discusses the five generations of computers. The first generation used vacuum tubes and included the ENIAC. The second generation used transistors like the IBM 7094 series. The third generation was based on integrated circuits like the PDP-8. The fourth generation used microprocessors and introduced GUIs. The fifth generation applies artificial intelligence and ULSI technology in devices like desktops and laptops.
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The document summarizes the five generations of computers from the 1940s to present. The first generation used vacuum tubes, took up entire rooms, and could only solve one problem at a time. The second generation introduced transistors, making computers smaller and more efficient. The third generation used integrated circuits, allowing users to interact through keyboards and monitors. The fourth generation used microprocessors, putting all computer components on a single chip and leading to the development of personal computers. The fifth generation, still in development, focuses on artificial intelligence using technologies like parallel processing and quantum computation.
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The document discusses the five generations of computers from the 1940s to present. The first generation used vacuum tubes and were very large, expensive, and prone to failure. The second generation used transistors, making computers smaller, more reliable, and able to support assembly languages. The third generation used integrated circuits, enabling smaller size and higher level programming languages. The fourth generation used microprocessors and VLSI circuits, leading to the development of personal computers. The fifth generation continues to use more advanced technologies like ULSI, parallel processing, and artificial intelligence.
Generation of Computers: A Survey
Nothing epitomizes modern life better than the
computer. Computers are such an integral part of our everyday
life now most people take them and what they have added to life
totally for granted. Even more so the generation who have grown
from infancy within the global desktop and laptop revolution
since the 1980s. The history of computer development is often
referred to in reference to the different generations of computing
devices. A generation refers to the state of improvement in the
product development process. This term is also used in the
different advancements of new computer technology. As new
technology was emerging, it was being used in the making of
computer. With each new generation, the circuitry has gotten
smaller and more advanced than the previous generation before
it. As a result of the miniaturization, speed, power, and com-
puter memory has proportionally increased. New discoveries are
constantly being developed that affect the way we live, work and
play.
Third Generation of Computers
The first generation of computers used vacuum tubes, took up entire rooms, were expensive to operate, and could only solve one problem at a time via machine language. Examples included the UNIVAC and ENIAC. The second generation transitioned to using transistors, magnetic memory/storage, and high-level languages like Fortran. They were smaller, faster, and more reliable. The third generation was defined by integrated circuits replacing individual transistors, making computers smaller, cheaper, and more efficient while supporting features like multiprocessing and operating systems.
First generation
The document summarizes the evolution of computers through five generations from 1940 to the present:
1) First generation (1940-1956) used vacuum tubes, took up entire rooms, were expensive to operate, and could only solve one problem at a time using machine language. Examples included the UNIVAC and ENIAC.
2) Second generation (1956-1963) replaced vacuum tubes with transistors, making computers smaller, faster, cheaper, and more reliable. Assembly languages and early high-level languages like FORTRAN were developed.
3) Third generation (1964-1971) used integrated circuits, drastically increasing speed and efficiency. Users interacted through keyboards and monitors running operating systems that allowed multiple applications simultaneously.
First generation
The document summarizes the five generations of computers from 1940 to the present. The first generation used vacuum tubes, took up entire rooms, and could only solve one problem at a time. The second generation introduced transistors, making computers smaller and more reliable. The third generation saw the development of integrated circuits and operating systems allowing multiple applications. The fourth generation used microprocessors, putting all computer components on a single chip and leading to the development of personal computers. The fifth generation, still being developed, focuses on artificial intelligence using technologies like parallel processing and quantum computation.
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The document summarizes the five generations of computers from the 1940s to present. The first generation used vacuum tubes, punched cards, and printed output. The second generation used transistors instead of vacuum tubes. The third generation used integrated circuits and allowed users to interact through keyboards and monitors. The fourth generation used microprocessors on a single chip, leading to personal computers. The fifth generation, still in development, focuses on artificial intelligence using technologies like quantum computing.
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The document outlines 5 periods in the development of computers from 1939 to the present:
1) 1939-1954: The first computers used vacuum tube technology like ENIAC and UNIVAC.
2) 1954-1959: Transistors replaced vacuum tubes, magnetic core memory was introduced, and mainframe computers like the IBM 7094 were developed.
3) 1959-1971: Integrated circuits were developed, leading to timesharing and minicomputers like the PDP and IBM 360 series.
Generations of computer
First generation computers (1940-1956) were room-sized machines that used vacuum tubes, generated large amounts of heat, and had slow speeds. They relied on machine language and magnetic drums for memory storage. Second generation computers (1956-1963) replaced vacuum tubes with transistors, reducing size and improving reliability and speed. They introduced high-level programming languages and magnetic core memory. Third generation computers (1964-1971) used integrated circuits, making the devices smaller and faster with more storage capacity. Input/output devices became more advanced.
Generation of computer
This document summarizes the five generations of computers from 1940 to present. The first generation used vacuum tubes, were very large and expensive. The second generation introduced transistors, were more reliable and smaller. The third generation used integrated circuits which made computers smaller, cheaper, and faster. The fourth generation featured microprocessors and personal computers. The fifth generation is based on parallel processing, artificial intelligence, and very large scale integration.
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The document discusses the five generations of computers from 1946 to the present. It describes the technologies used in each generation including vacuum tubes, transistors, integrated circuits, microprocessors and artificial intelligence. Key innovations and advantages of each generation are highlighted.
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As early as the 17th century, mathematicians tried to create machines that could perform basic math functions like addition and multiplication. In 1804, Charles Babbage designed the difference engine, the first general-purpose calculation machine with a mechanical memory. The document then summarizes the five generations of computers: first used vacuum tubes and magnetic drums; second used transistors; third used integrated circuits; fourth used microprocessors on a single chip; and fifth uses artificial intelligence and is still in development.
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The document provides a brief history of computers from first-generation to second-generation models. First-generation computers used vacuum tubes, magnetic drums for memory, and relied on punched cards for input and printouts for output. They were large, used significant electricity, generated heat, and could only solve one problem at a time. Second-generation computers replaced vacuum tubes with transistors but still generated heat and used punched cards for input and printouts for output. They also began using symbolic languages and storing instructions in memory.
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Generation of computers
The document discusses the history of early computers, including the ENIAC which was the first general purpose electronic computer invented in 1946 using 18,000 vacuum tubes. It also mentions the UNIVAC 1, developed in 1951 by Eckert and Mauchly, as the first commercial electronic computer that could process both numeric and text data. Finally, it provides an overview of the five generations of computers from first to fifth generation machines.
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This document discusses the key features of 2nd generation computers, which used transistors and were built between 1959-1963. Some examples include the IBM 1620, IBM 7094, CDC 1604 and CDC 3600. 2nd generation computers were more reliable than 1st generation ones due to their smaller size and production of less heat. While faster and more efficient than previous models, 2nd generation computers remained very costly and required AC power. They also supported machine and assembly languages.
frk niazi.......the-five-generations-of-compute
First generation computers from 1940-1956 used vacuum tubes, were room-sized, relied on machine language, and were expensive to operate due to high electricity use and heat generation. Examples include the UNIVAC and ENIAC. Second generation computers from 1956-1963 replaced vacuum tubes with transistors, used symbolic and high-level programming languages like early versions of COBOL and FORTRAN, and stored instructions in memory. Third generation computers from 1964-1971 featured integrated circuits, silicon chips, interaction through keyboards/monitors with operating systems, and ability to run multiple applications simultaneously.
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This document discusses the five generations of computers. The first generation used vacuum tubes and included the ENIAC. The second generation used transistors like the IBM 7094 series. The third generation was based on integrated circuits like the PDP-8. The fourth generation used microprocessors and introduced GUIs. The fifth generation applies artificial intelligence and ULSI technology in devices like desktops and laptops.
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The document summarizes the five generations of computers from the 1940s to present. The first generation used vacuum tubes, took up entire rooms, and could only solve one problem at a time. The second generation introduced transistors, making computers smaller and more efficient. The third generation used integrated circuits, allowing users to interact through keyboards and monitors. The fourth generation used microprocessors, putting all computer components on a single chip and leading to the development of personal computers. The fifth generation, still in development, focuses on artificial intelligence using technologies like parallel processing and quantum computation.
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The document discusses the five generations of computers from the 1940s to present. The first generation used vacuum tubes and were very large, expensive, and prone to failure. The second generation used transistors, making computers smaller, more reliable, and able to support assembly languages. The third generation used integrated circuits, enabling smaller size and higher level programming languages. The fourth generation used microprocessors and VLSI circuits, leading to the development of personal computers. The fifth generation continues to use more advanced technologies like ULSI, parallel processing, and artificial intelligence.
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Nothing epitomizes modern life better than the
computer. Computers are such an integral part of our everyday
life now most people take them and what they have added to life
totally for granted. Even more so the generation who have grown
from infancy within the global desktop and laptop revolution
since the 1980s. The history of computer development is often
referred to in reference to the different generations of computing
devices. A generation refers to the state of improvement in the
product development process. This term is also used in the
different advancements of new computer technology. As new
technology was emerging, it was being used in the making of
computer. With each new generation, the circuitry has gotten
smaller and more advanced than the previous generation before
it. As a result of the miniaturization, speed, power, and com-
puter memory has proportionally increased. New discoveries are
constantly being developed that affect the way we live, work and
play.
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The first generation of computers used vacuum tubes, took up entire rooms, were expensive to operate, and could only solve one problem at a time via machine language. Examples included the UNIVAC and ENIAC. The second generation transitioned to using transistors, magnetic memory/storage, and high-level languages like Fortran. They were smaller, faster, and more reliable. The third generation was defined by integrated circuits replacing individual transistors, making computers smaller, cheaper, and more efficient while supporting features like multiprocessing and operating systems.
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The document summarizes the evolution of computers through five generations from 1940 to the present:
1) First generation (1940-1956) used vacuum tubes, took up entire rooms, were expensive to operate, and could only solve one problem at a time using machine language. Examples included the UNIVAC and ENIAC.
2) Second generation (1956-1963) replaced vacuum tubes with transistors, making computers smaller, faster, cheaper, and more reliable. Assembly languages and early high-level languages like FORTRAN were developed.
3) Third generation (1964-1971) used integrated circuits, drastically increasing speed and efficiency. Users interacted through keyboards and monitors running operating systems that allowed multiple applications simultaneously.
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The document summarizes the five generations of computers from 1940 to the present. The first generation used vacuum tubes, took up entire rooms, and could only solve one problem at a time. The second generation introduced transistors, making computers smaller and more reliable. The third generation saw the development of integrated circuits and operating systems allowing multiple applications. The fourth generation used microprocessors, putting all computer components on a single chip and leading to the development of personal computers. The fifth generation, still being developed, focuses on artificial intelligence using technologies like parallel processing and quantum computation.
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The document outlines 5 periods in the development of computers from 1939 to the present:
1) 1939-1954: The first computers used vacuum tube technology like ENIAC and UNIVAC.
2) 1954-1959: Transistors replaced vacuum tubes, magnetic core memory was introduced, and mainframe computers like the IBM 7094 were developed.
3) 1959-1971: Integrated circuits were developed, leading to timesharing and minicomputers like the PDP and IBM 360 series.
Generations of computer
First generation computers (1940-1956) were room-sized machines that used vacuum tubes, generated large amounts of heat, and had slow speeds. They relied on machine language and magnetic drums for memory storage. Second generation computers (1956-1963) replaced vacuum tubes with transistors, reducing size and improving reliability and speed. They introduced high-level programming languages and magnetic core memory. Third generation computers (1964-1971) used integrated circuits, making the devices smaller and faster with more storage capacity. Input/output devices became more advanced.
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This document summarizes the five generations of computers from 1940 to present. The first generation used vacuum tubes, were very large and expensive. The second generation introduced transistors, were more reliable and smaller. The third generation used integrated circuits which made computers smaller, cheaper, and faster. The fourth generation featured microprocessors and personal computers. The fifth generation is based on parallel processing, artificial intelligence, and very large scale integration.
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This document provides an introduction to integrated circuit (IC) technology and applications. It discusses Moore's Law of transistor density doubling every 1-2 years. The IC market is approaching $300 billion annually, with computers making up 42% of sales. IC fabrication involves depositing thin films on silicon wafers and using lithography to pattern each layer, forming transistors and connections through a series of deposition, etching, and doping steps. The cost of an IC depends on the die area and manufacturing yield, which decreases exponentially with larger die sizes. The document outlines the traditional design flow from specification to fabrication.
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The document provides a brief history of computers from first-generation to second-generation models. First-generation computers used vacuum tubes, magnetic drums for memory, and relied on punched cards for input and printouts for output. They were large, used significant electricity, generated heat, and could only solve one problem at a time. Second-generation computers replaced vacuum tubes with transistors but still generated heat and used punched cards for input and printouts for output. They also began using symbolic languages and storing instructions in memory.
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Computer generations
Computer Generations :
1. First Generation : 1942-1954. Vaccum tube based.
2. Second Generation : 1952-1964. Transistor based.
3. Third Generation : 1964-1972. Integrated Circuit based.
4. Fourth Generation : 1972-1990. VLSI microprocessor based.
5. Fifth Generation : 1990-onwards.ULSI microprocessor based
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1) The document discusses the history of computer generations from first to fifth generation. It describes the important hardware and characteristics of each generation.
2) First generation computers (1942-1954) used vacuum tubes and were large, unreliable, and difficult to program. Second generation (1955-1964) started using transistors instead of vacuum tubes. Third generation (1964-1971) used integrated circuits which made computers smaller and more reliable.
3) Fourth generation (1971-1989) saw the rise of microprocessors and personal computers which were small, portable, fast and affordable. Fifth generation computers (1989-present) utilize optical disks, internet, powerful servers and supercomputers with complex applications.
Computer generations
The document summarizes the five generations of computers from 1946 to present. Each generation is characterized by major technological developments that made computers increasingly smaller, cheaper, more powerful and efficient. The first generation used vacuum tubes. The second used transistors. The third used integrated circuits. The fourth used VLSI microprocessors leading to personal computers. The fifth uses ULSI microprocessors and focuses on artificial intelligence and parallel processing.
2. computer generations
There are five generations of computers defined based on the underlying hardware technology used. The first generation used vacuum tubes and were very large, expensive, and unreliable. The second generation introduced transistors, making computers smaller, more affordable, and reliable. The third generation used integrated circuits, further miniaturizing computers. The fourth generation saw the rise of microprocessors and personal computers. The fifth generation, starting in 1980, is based on ultra-large scale integration and artificial intelligence techniques.
Bangladesh university of business & technology
The document discusses the five generations of computers from 1946 to present. The first generation used vacuum tubes and were very large, expensive machines. The second generation used transistors and were more reliable. The third generation used integrated circuits, making computers smaller and more affordable. The fourth generation used microprocessors and VLSI circuits, leading to personal computers. The fifth generation uses ULSI technology and focuses on artificial intelligence and parallel processing. [/SUMMARY]
generations of computers.pdf
The modern computer took its shape with the arrival of your time. It had been around 16th century when the evolution of the computer started. The initial computer faced many changes, obviously for the betterment. It continuously improved itself in terms of speed, accuracy, size, and price to urge the form of the fashionable day computer. This long period is often conveniently divided into the subsequent phases called computer generations:
First Generation Computers (1940-1956)
Second Generation Computers (1956-1963)
Third Generation Computers (1964-1971)
Fourth Generation Computers (1971-Present)
Fifth Generation Computers (Present and Beyond)
Before there are graphing calculators, spreadsheets, and computer algebra systems, mathematicians and inventors searched for solutions to ease the burden of calculation.
Below are the 8 mechanical calculators before modern computers were invented.
1. Abacus (ca. 2700 BC)
2. Pascal’s Calculator (1652)
3. Stepped Reckoner (1694)
4. Arithmometer (1820)
5. Comptometer (1887) and Comptograph (1889)
6. The Difference Engine (1822)
7. Analytical Engine (1834)
8. The Millionaire (1893)
First Generation Computers: Vacuum Tubes (1940-1956)
The technology behind the primary generation computers was a fragile glass device, which was called vacuum tubes. These computers were very heavy and really large in size. These weren’t very reliable and programming on them was a really tedious task as they used low-level programming language and used no OS. First-generation computers were used for calculation, storage, and control purpose. They were too bulky and large that they needed a full room and consume rot of electricity.
Main first generation computers are:
ENIAC: Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer, built by J. Presper Eckert and John V. Mauchly was a general-purpose computer. It had been very heavy, large, and contained 18,000 vacuum tubes.
EDVAC: Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer was designed by von Neumann. It could store data also as instruction and thus the speed was enhanced.
UNIVAC: Universal Automatic Computer was developed in 1952 by Eckert and Mauchly.
Main characteristics of first generation computers are:
Main electronic component Vacuum tube.
Programming language Machine language.
Main memory Magnetic tapes and magnetic drums.
Input/output devices Paper tape and punched cards.
Speed and size Very slow and very large in size (often taking up entire room).
Examples of the first generation IBM 650, IBM 701, ENIAC, UNIVAC1, etc.
Second Generation Computers: Transistors (1956-1963)
Second-generation computers used the technology of transistors rather than bulky vacuum tubes. Another feature was the core storage. A transistor may be a device composed of semiconductor material that amplifies a sign or opens or closes a circuit.
Transistors were invented in Bell Labs. The use of transistors made it possible to perform powerfully and with due speed.
Generations of computer
The document discusses the five generations of computers from 1946 to present. The first generation used vacuum tubes and were very large, expensive machines. The second generation used transistors, making computers smaller and more reliable. The third generation used integrated circuits, further reducing size. The fourth generation used microprocessors and VLSI circuits, leading to personal computers. The fifth generation uses ULSI technology and focuses on artificial intelligence and parallel processing. Each generation brought improvements in cost, size, reliability and capabilities.
GENERATION OF COMPUTER
This document summarizes the five generations of computers from 1942 to present. Each generation is defined by the underlying technology used in processors and circuits. The first generation used vacuum tubes, the second used transistors, the third used integrated circuits, the fourth used VLSI chips, and the fifth generation uses ULSI technology and focuses on artificial intelligence and parallel processing. Each generation brought increases in speed, reliability and decreases in size and cost compared to the previous generation. Programming languages and applications expanded from machine code to modern languages like C++ and Java across the five generations.
Computer generations
The document summarizes the five generations of computers based on their underlying technologies. The first generation used vacuum tubes, the second used transistors, the third used integrated circuits, the fourth used microprocessors, and the fifth generation focuses on artificial intelligence using ULSI technology. Each generation brought improvements in size, cost, reliability, and capabilities over previous generations as new technologies were developed and adopted.
Generations of computer
The document discusses the five generations of computers from the 1940s to present. The first generation used vacuum tubes and were very large. The second generation used transistors which made computers smaller and more efficient. The third generation used integrated circuits which further increased speed and reduced size. The fourth generation saw the development of microprocessors which placed all computer components on a single chip. The fifth generation focuses on artificial intelligence and technologies like quantum computing and nanotechnology. Each generation brought improvements in size, speed, cost and capabilities.
GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER
The document discusses the five generations of computers. Each generation is characterized by major technological developments that changed how computers operate. The first generation used vacuum tubes and was unreliable, costly, and slow. The second generation used transistors, which were cheaper, consumed less power, and were more compact than vacuum tubes. The third generation used integrated circuits, while the fourth used very large scale integrated circuits. The fifth generation began in 1980 and uses ultra large scale integration, resulting in microprocessor chips with over ten million components.
Generation of Computers
The document discusses the five generations of computers based on their underlying technologies. The first generation used vacuum tubes, the second used transistors, the third used integrated circuits, the fourth used very large scale integrated circuits and microprocessors, and the fifth generation uses artificial intelligence techniques. Each generation brought improvements in size, reliability, speed, cost and capabilities over previous generations as technologies advanced over time.
Five generations of computers .docx
These Notes from the class of BS EDUCATION 1st Semester (Spring) Session 2023-2027 Teacher :Ch Naveed Afzal
semester started in march 2023 and end in july 2023
Computer generations copy
The document discusses the five generations of computers. Each generation is characterized by major technological developments that made computers smaller, cheaper, more powerful, efficient and reliable. The first generation used vacuum tubes which were large, prone to failure and consumed significant power. The second generation used transistors instead, making computers smaller, cheaper and more reliable. The third generation saw the development of integrated circuits and microprocessors, making computers yet more powerful and efficient. The fourth generation featured further advances in integrated circuit technology, the development of personal computers and graphical user interfaces. The fifth generation is focused on artificial intelligence and neural networks.
Computer generations copy-1
The document discusses the five generations of computers. Each generation is characterized by major technological developments that made computers smaller, cheaper, more powerful, efficient and reliable. The first generation used vacuum tubes which were large, prone to failure and consumed significant power. The second generation used transistors instead, making computers smaller, cheaper and more reliable. The third generation saw the development of integrated circuits and microprocessors, making computers yet more powerful and smaller. The fourth generation featured further advances in integrated circuit technology, the development of personal computers and graphical user interfaces. The fifth generation is focused on artificial intelligence and neural networks.
Computer generation
The document summarizes the five generations of computers from the 1940s to present. The first generation used vacuum tubes, were large and expensive. The second generation used transistors, making computers smaller and cheaper. The third generation used integrated circuits, allowing computers to run multiple applications at once. The fourth generation used microprocessors on a single chip and introduced concepts like networking. The fifth generation uses ultra-large scale integration, enabling high performance, low cost and portable computers with large storage capacities. Overall, each generation saw improvements in size, cost and capabilities.
Generation of computers
The document discusses the five generations of computers from 1942 to the present. The first generation used vacuum tubes and were very large, expensive, and unreliable. The second generation used transistors which were smaller, cheaper, and more reliable. The third generation used integrated circuits, making computers even smaller and more efficient. The fourth generation used VLSI circuits and microprocessors, leading to the development of personal computers. The fifth generation uses ULSI and focuses on parallel processing and artificial intelligence.
PPT On Computer Generations
The document summarizes the five generations of computers based on the technologies used. The first generation used vacuum tubes and were very large, expensive machines that processed data in batches. The second generation used transistors which made computers smaller, faster, and more reliable. The third generation saw the introduction of integrated circuits which further miniaturized computers. The fourth generation began using microprocessors which made computers portable and introduced personal computers and the internet. The fifth generation is working on developing true artificial intelligence and natural language processing.
Generation of computer
The document discusses the five generations of computers from the first generation that used vacuum tubes to the current fifth generation. Each generation saw improvements in the technology used such as the transition from vacuum tubes to transistors to integrated circuits. The five generations brought advancements like smaller size, increased reliability, lower costs, and new capabilities in areas like artificial intelligence and parallel processing.
Computer Generation
The document summarizes the five generations of computers from 1946 to present. It discusses the defining technologies and characteristics of each generation including vacuum tubes, transistors, integrated circuits, VLSI chips, and ULSI. Each new generation resulted in computers that were smaller, more powerful, efficient, faster and reliable than the previous generation due to advances in processing technology. The document also categorizes computers based on size as microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and supercomputers.
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Generations of computers
- 1. Generations of Computers M.Touqeer ul Hassan SP15-BEE-069 Department Electrical Engineering COMSATS University Abbottabad
- 2. Generations of Computers First Generation The period of first generation : 1942- 1954. Vaccum tube based. Second Generation The period of second generation : 1952-1964. Transistor based. Third Generation The period of third generation : 1964-1972. Integrated Circuit based. Fourth Generation The period of fourth generation : 1972-1990. VLSI microprocessor based. Fifth Generation The period of fifth generation : 1990- onwards.ULSI microprocessor based.
- 4. First Generations of Computers The period of first generation was 1942-1954. First generation of computer started with using vacuum tubes as the basic components for memory and circuitry for CPU(Central Processing Unit). The main features of First Generation are: Vacuum tube technology Supported Machine language only Very costly Generate lot of heat Slow Input/Output device Huge size Need of A.C . Non portable Consumed lot of electricity
- 5. Some computer of this generation were: ENIAC. EDVAC UNIVAC IBM-701 IBM-650
- 7. Second Generations of Computers The period of second generation was 1952-1964. This generation using the transistor were cheaper, consumed less power, more compact in size, more reliable and faster than the first generation machines made of vaccum tubes. The main features of Second Generation are: Use of transistors Reliable as compared to First generation computers Smaller size as compared to First generation computers Generate less heat as compared to First generation computers Consumed less electricity as compared to First generation computers Faster than first generation computers Still very costly A.C. needed · Support machine and assmebly languages
- 8. Some computers of this generation were: IBM 1620 IBM 7094 CDC 1604 CDC 3600 UNIVAC 1108
- 10. Third Generations of Computers The period of third generation was 1964-1972. The third generation of computer is marked by the use of Integrated Circuits (IC's) in place of transistors. The main features of Third Generation are: IC used More reliable Smaller size · Generate less heat Faster Lesser maintenance Still costly A.C needed Consumed lesser electricity Support high level language
- 11. Some computer of this generation were: IBM-360 series Honeywell-6000 series PDP(Personal Data Processor) IBM-370/168 TDC-316
- 13. Fourth Generations of Computers The period of Fourth Generation was 1972-1990. The fourth generation of computers is marked by the use of Very Large Scale Integrated (VLSI) circuits. The main features of Fourth Generation are: VLSI technology used Very cheap Portable and reliable Use of PC's Very small size Pipeline processing No A.C. needed Concept of internet was introduced Great developments in the fields of networks Computers became easily available
- 14. Some computer of this generation were: DEC 10 STAR 1000 PDP 11 CRAY-1(Super Compute CRAY-X-MP(Super Computer
- 16. Fifth Generation of Computers The period of Fifth Generation is 1990-till date. In the fifth generation, the VLSI technology became ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration) technology, resulting in the production of microprocessor chips having ten million electronic components. This generation is based on parallel processing hardware and AI (Artificial Intelligence) software. The main features of Fifth Generation are: ULSI technology Development of true artificial intelligence Development of Natural language processing Advancement in Parallel Processing Advancement in Superconductor technology More user friendly interfaces with multimedia features Availability of very powerful and compact computers at cheaper rates
- 17. Some computer types of this generation are: Desktop Laptop NoteBook UltraBook
- 18. Thanks