This document discusses the five generations of computers from the 1940s to present. It provides details on the defining technologies of each generation including vacuum tubes, transistors, integrated circuits, microprocessors, and ultra-large-scale integration. For each generation, it lists examples of prominent computers from that era and their key features and limitations. The document serves to outline the major developments over time that have made computers smaller, faster, more powerful and energy efficient.

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3. GENERATION
OF
COMPUTER

4. What We will Discuss
 Introduction
 First Generation Computers
 Second Generation Computers
 Third Generation Computers
 Fourth Generation Computers
 Fifth Generation Computers

5. C.O.M.P.U.T.E.R Stands For
 C- Common
 O- Operating
 M- Machine
 P- Particularly
 U- Used
 T- Technical
 E- Education
 R- Research

6. Definition of Computer
 Computer is a advance electronic device
that manipulate information/data. It has the
ability to retrieve and process data.
 It can perform Arithmetic and Logical
calculation.

7. 1st Generation
Of Computer

8. 1st Generation Computer
 The first generation computers were from 1940-1956.
 It was made up of Vacuum Tubes which were used for circuitry
and for memory.
 It was expensive to operate.
 It consumed lots of electricity.
 It was bigger in size , it occupied a room space.
 Due to vacuum tubes it generate lot of heat.
 UNIVAC and ENIAC computers are examples of first-generation computing.
 It was developed by two scientists Mauchly and Echert.

9. Limitation Of 1st Generation Computer
 It was large in size.
 It consumed large amount of electricity.
 Operating of computers were costly.
 It’s maintenance was costly.
 It was not portable.

10. 2nd Generation:
The period of second
generation was 1959-1963.The
transition from first generation to
second generation of computers
was not abrupt.

11. Advantages:
Disadvantages:
Smaller in size compared to the first generation of
computer
The second generations computers were more
reliable
Constant maintenance was require
Cooling system was required.

12. 3rd Generation Computers :
The period of third generation
was 1965-1971.

13. Integrated Circuit :
The computers of third generation used
integrated
circuits.
A single IC has many transistors,
resistors and capacitors.
The IC was invented by Jack Kilby .

14. Operating system and languages:
In this generation remote processing,
time-sharing, multiprogramming
operating system were used.
High-level languages
FORTRAN ,COBOL, PASCALPL/1,
BASIC, ALGOL - 68etc,IITOIV.were
used during this generation

15. Main features of third generation:
IC used
Smaller size
Generated less heat
Faster
Lesser maintenance
Still costly
A.C needed
Consumed lesser electricity
Supported high-level language

16. Some computers of this generation:
IBM-360 series
Honeywell-6000 series
PDP Personal Data Processor
IBM-370/168
TDC-316

17. 4th Generation Computers :
The period of fourth
generation was 1971-1980.

18. Microprocessor :
The fourth generation
computers were designed by
using microprocessor, as
thousands of integrated
circuits were built onto a
single silicon chip.

19. Main features of fourth generation:
Some computers of this generation:
Concept of internet was introduced
Great developments in the fields of networks
PDP 11
CRAY-X-MP(Super Computer)

20. 5th Generation Computers :
The period of Fifth
generation was Present
(1980)
-Till date.

21. Operating system:
Windows Linux
Ubuntu Fedora
Mac OS Unix
Languages:
Cobol C++
CC sharp Java
Pascal Prolog
Fortran

22. ULSI Circuit :
In the fifth generation of
computers Ultra Large
Scale Integration circuit
(ULSIs ) began to be
used

23. Main features of Fifth generation:
ULSI used
Smaller size
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Some computers of this generation:
Desktop
Laptop
Note Book
Ultra Book
Chrome Book

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