This document discusses the seven traditional tools of quality: check sheet, Pareto chart, flow chart, cause and effect diagram, histogram, scatter diagram, and control chart. Each tool is defined and its purpose is described briefly. Check sheets collect data at its source, Pareto charts identify major causes of problems, flow charts show process steps, cause and effect diagrams identify factors influencing an outcome, histograms show frequency distributions, scatter diagrams plot relationships between two variables, and control charts determine if a process is in statistical control.

1. -M.SENTHIL KUMAR, AP/CSE
-III – CSE
-VI – EVEN SEM (2015-16)
GE6757 - TOTAL QUALITY
MANAGEMENT
(Regulation 2013)

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3. The Seven Traditional Tools of Quality
Check Sheet
Pareto chart
Flow chart
Cause and Effect
Diagram
Histogram
Scatter Diagram
Control chartTQM by M.Senthil Kumar3 home

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• Check sheet is a Form/Document used to collect
data in real time at the location where the data is
generated.
• Central tool for Quality Assurance programs.
• Specially useful for operational procedures.
• Could be derived from the flowchart and fishbone
diagrams.
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Check Sheet
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• A Pareto Chart is a type of chart that contains both
bars and line graph, where individual values are
represented in descending order by bars and the
cumulative total represented by the line graph.
• A graph to identify and plot problems /defects in
descending order of frequency.
• Principle of Pareto chart is: 80% of problems stem
from 20% of the various causes.
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Pareto chart
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8. Flow Chart
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• A Flow Chart is a type of diagram that represents an
algorithm, workflow (or) process, showing the steps
as boxes of various kinds and their order by
connecting them with arrows.
• A Pictorial representation of describing a process
used to plan stages of a project or program.
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• Also known as ISHIKAWA diagram and Fishbone
diagram.
• A diagram showing the cause of a certain event.
(i.e.) used to identify potential factors causing an
overall effect, also used to see all possible causes of
a result and hopefully find the root causes of
imperfection.
• It is called as fish-bone diagram because its shape is
similar to side view of a fish skeleton.
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Cause and Effect Diagram
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• It is a graphic summary of variation in a set of data and an
estimate estimate of the probability distribution of a
continuous variable (quantitative variable).
• A One uses the graph to show frequency distributions. It
looks very much like a bar chart.
• Sometimes it is said to be derived from the Ancient
Greek ἱστός (histos) – "anything set upright“
and γράμμα (gramma) – "drawing, record, writing". It is
also said that Karl Pearson, who introduced the term in
1891, derived the name from "historical diagram".
Histogram
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14. •A scatter diagram is effectively a line graph with no line
- i.e. the point intersections between the two data sets are
plotted but no attempt is made to physically draw a line.
•A type of mathematical diagram using Cartesian
coordinates to display values for typically
two variables for a set of data.
•Sometimes it is called as scatter plot or scatter graph.
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Scatter Diagram
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ExampleofScatterdiagram
Percentage of students attended special class
Students Satisfaction Scores
Satisfation
score
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16. •Also called Shewhart charts or process-
behavior charts, in statistical process control are
tools used to determine if a manufacturing
or business process is in a state of statistical
control.
•The control chart is a graph used to study how a
process changes over time. Data are plotted in time
order.
•A control chart always has a central line for the
average, an upper line for the upper control limit
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Control Chart
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