From isabel ii to the first republic
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Isabel II's weak reign led to her exile in 1868. After several interim rulers, Amadeo I of Italy became king in 1870 but was unpopular due to Spain's political and economic turmoil. He abdicated in 1873, leading to the establishment of Spain's short-lived First Republic which lasted just 11 months with four presidents. General Martínez Campos then restored the monarchy under King Alfonso XII in 1874.
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The first and the second republic alejandro, iván h. pedro y álex
The first Spanish Republic lasted only 11 months from 1873-1874 due to social instability and revolts in some cities that declared independence. General Martinez Campos then restored the monarchy and crowned Alfonso XII as King. The Second Spanish Republic lasted 8 years from 1931-1939 and was divided into three periods. It established a new constitution in 1931 that expanded women's right to vote, made primary education free and obligatory, reduced the power of the Catholic church and nobility while increasing it for the working class, legalized divorce, and granted more autonomy to Spanish regions. Manuel Azaña served as both president of the government and of the republic during this time.
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The first constitution in Spain was called La Pepa and was signed on March 19th, 1812 in Cádiz. It was an important and modern document that established equality and freedom for all, organized Spain as a constitutional monarchy with a king and elected ministers, and granted men the right to vote at age 18. This was a milestone as the first constitution for Spain.
The first republic ainara y maría
The first Republic in Spain lasted only eleven months from 1873 to 1874. It was a very unstable period with four different presidents. Some cities declared independence in a movement known as the "revolution cantonal". This instability led General Martinez Campos to restore the monarchy, making Alfonso XII the new king. Alfonso XIII later became king in 1902 when he was just one year old after his father's death, and his mother Maria Cristina served as regent queen during another time of unrest, which included the loss of Spanish colonies and wars in Africa.
Isabel ii
Isabel II ruled Spain from 1833 to 1868, but the country was governed by regents until she reached age 13 due to political instability and the Carlist Wars between supporters of different claimants to the throne. Isabel II's reign saw Spain transition to a parliamentary monarchy with limited royal power, though her rule ended in exile in France after continued unrest. A new constitution in 1869 established another constitutional monarchy similar to the previous system of 1812.
Spain in the18th and 19th centuries.
This document summarizes important events in late 18th and early 19th century Spain. It describes the reign of King Carlos III who modernized Spain's infrastructure. It then discusses the weak rule of Carlos IV and the influence of Prime Minister Godoy. Napoleon Bonaparte's invasion of Spain and installation of his brother Jose Bonaparte as king led to the Spanish War of Independence from 1808-1814. The Constitution of 1812 established Spain's first constitutional monarchy and granted rights to its citizens, though it initially excluded women and non-Catholics.
Fernando vii
Fernando VII ruled Spain from 1814 to 1833, which can be divided into three periods. In the first absolutist period from 1814 to 1820, Fernando VII had unlimited power and suppressed liberals and the constitution. Growing discontent led to a liberal uprising in 1820, beginning the second liberal period until 1823 when French forces restored absolutism. The third period from 1823 to 1833 was one of decadence as Spain lost its colonies and was weakened by internal conflicts over succession.
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The Spanish Empire controlled most of Central and South America as well as the Philippines in Asia at the start of the 19th century. However, between 1810 and 1825, inspired by the French Revolution, most of Spain's American colonies gained independence as Spain was weakened from fighting France. In 1898, Spain fought the Spanish-American War against the United States over its remaining colonies of Cuba and Puerto Rico in America and the Philippines in Asia, which it ultimately lost, marking the end of the Spanish Empire.
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The Spanish War of Independence began in 1808 when Napoleon decided to conquer Spain and the French army occupied the country. This sparked a revolt in Madrid and led to a war that ended in 1814, though it was also a civil war about who should be the monarch. The war split Spanish government between the French-backed government under Joseph I and the Spanish government under Fernando VII. In 1812, the Spanish government approved the liberal Constitution of Cádiz while in exile in Cádiz. Upon returning to power in 1814, Fernando VII abolished the constitution and restored absolutism. This set the stage for future conflicts known as the Carlist Wars over the line of succession.
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The first Spanish Republic lasted only 11 months from 1873-1874 due to social instability and revolts in some cities that declared independence. General Martinez Campos then restored the monarchy and crowned Alfonso XII as King. The Second Spanish Republic lasted 8 years from 1931-1939 and was divided into three periods. It established a new constitution in 1931 that expanded women's right to vote, made primary education free and obligatory, reduced the power of the Catholic church and nobility while increasing it for the working class, legalized divorce, and granted more autonomy to Spanish regions. Manuel Azaña served as both president of the government and of the republic during this time.
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The first constitution in Spain was called La Pepa and was signed on March 19th, 1812 in Cádiz. It was an important and modern document that established equality and freedom for all, organized Spain as a constitutional monarchy with a king and elected ministers, and granted men the right to vote at age 18. This was a milestone as the first constitution for Spain.
The first republic ainara y maría
The first Republic in Spain lasted only eleven months from 1873 to 1874. It was a very unstable period with four different presidents. Some cities declared independence in a movement known as the "revolution cantonal". This instability led General Martinez Campos to restore the monarchy, making Alfonso XII the new king. Alfonso XIII later became king in 1902 when he was just one year old after his father's death, and his mother Maria Cristina served as regent queen during another time of unrest, which included the loss of Spanish colonies and wars in Africa.
Isabel ii
Isabel II ruled Spain from 1833 to 1868, but the country was governed by regents until she reached age 13 due to political instability and the Carlist Wars between supporters of different claimants to the throne. Isabel II's reign saw Spain transition to a parliamentary monarchy with limited royal power, though her rule ended in exile in France after continued unrest. A new constitution in 1869 established another constitutional monarchy similar to the previous system of 1812.
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Fernando vii
Fernando VII ruled Spain from 1814 to 1833, which can be divided into three periods. In the first absolutist period from 1814 to 1820, Fernando VII had unlimited power and suppressed liberals and the constitution. Growing discontent led to a liberal uprising in 1820, beginning the second liberal period until 1823 when French forces restored absolutism. The third period from 1823 to 1833 was one of decadence as Spain lost its colonies and was weakened by internal conflicts over succession.
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Unit 1 modern spain part 2
The Spanish War of Independence began in 1808 when Napoleon decided to conquer Spain and the French army occupied the country. This sparked a revolt in Madrid and led to a war that ended in 1814, though it was also a civil war about who should be the monarch. The war split Spanish government between the French-backed government under Joseph I and the Spanish government under Fernando VII. In 1812, the Spanish government approved the liberal Constitution of Cádiz while in exile in Cádiz. Upon returning to power in 1814, Fernando VII abolished the constitution and restored absolutism. This set the stage for future conflicts known as the Carlist Wars over the line of succession.
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The document summarizes the Spanish War of Succession that took place from 1701-1714. When King Carlos II of Spain died without an heir in 1700, it sparked a rivalry between the Habsburg dynasty of Austria and the Bourbon dynasty of France over who would inherit the Spanish throne. This led to a civil war within Spain that then turned into an international war. The Treaty of Utrecht in 1714 ended the war, placing Felipe V of the Bourbon dynasty on the Spanish throne and ceding Spanish territories to Austria and England.
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Amadeo i marcos sánchez
Amadeo I was the only king of Spain called by that name. He ruled from 1871 to 1873 but faced many problems, including an uprising for Cuban independence, uprisings by Carlists in the Basque Country and Catalonia, and by republicans who wanted Spain to become a republic instead of a monarchy. Additionally, the Catholic Church did not support him because he had confiscated and sold Church properties, and he was unpopular because he was seen as a foreigner from Italy who did not speak Spanish well. His reign was further complicated by the assassination of General Juan Prim, who had played a key role in making Amadeo king.
Spain in the late 19th century vol.1
Spain experienced political instability in the late 19th century.
Isabel II was forced to abdicate in 1868, which began a period of instability. Her successor, King Amadeo I, also faced conflicts between political parties, rebellions, and problems with the army. Unable to govern effectively, he returned to Italy in 1873.
This led to the establishment of Spain's first republic, but it only lasted 11 months as the country faced three simultaneous civil wars. In 1874, General Manuel Pavia staged a coup which ended the republic and restored the monarchy under King Alfonso XII.
Spain under franco's rule
Under General Francisco Franco's dictatorship from 1939 to 1975, Spain experienced repression, censorship, and lack of freedoms. The government banned international trade and prohibited protests, uncensored press, and works like films and books deemed immoral. While the economy improved later through tourism, starvation and rationing were common after the civil war due to widespread poverty and the authoritarian regime's tight controls.
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1. Fernando and Isabel united their kingdoms through marriage, creating a powerful Spain. They established the Spanish Inquisition and expelled Jews in 1492.
2. Explorers like Columbus and Magellan expanded Spain's empire, leading to the conquest of the Aztecs and Incas. This introduced new goods, diseases, and slavery to the Americas.
3. The Hapsburg and Bourbon dynasties ruled Spain over subsequent centuries. The Bourbons centralized power and modernized Spain under the influence of the Enlightenment.
Spain after 1492
During the late 15th and early 16th centuries, Ferdinand and Isabella unified Spain and expanded its territories through conquests. Their funding of Columbus's expedition led to the discovery of America, beginning the Spanish Empire. Charles I expanded the empire further, though faced problems from revolts. Philip II made the empire even larger but costly wars impoverished Spain. The Spanish Golden Age between 1560-1680 was a high period for arts and culture. By the 17th century, weak rulers and revolts diminished Spain's power, leading to a succession dispute and war in the early 18th century.
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After the death of King Alfonso XII, Spain experienced political instability and conflict in the early 20th century. This led to a military dictatorship under Primo de Rivera from 1923-1930. The Second Republic then began in 1931, establishing democracy, secularism, and autonomy. However, these reforms divided Spain and led to civil war from 1936-1939, resulting in a nationalist victory under Francisco Franco, who ruled as a dictator until his death in 1975.
The middle ages
This document provides an overview of Spanish history from ancient times to the Middle Ages. It discusses how history is measured in years, decades, centuries, and millennia. It then describes some key periods and events in early Spanish history, including the Roman Empire in Hispania, the fall of the Western Roman Empire and establishment of the Visigothic Kingdom, the Muslim conquest in the 8th century AD and creation of Al-Andalus, and the beginning of the Reconquista by Christian kingdoms starting in the 8th century to take back land from Muslim rule.
Contemporary age
During the early 20th century, Spain was unhappy with the monarchy due to losses of colonies and wars. This led to a coup in 1923 where Primo de Rivera became dictator and banned political parties. In 1931, the Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed, establishing reforms like women's suffrage. However, a civil war broke out in 1936 between Republican and Nationalist groups, led by Francisco Franco. Franco emerged victorious in 1939 and established a dictatorship until his death in 1975, repressing opposition and restricting freedoms for several decades.
20th century spain
Spain lost its last colonies in the late 19th century. In the early 20th century, Spain experienced both industrial growth in cities and a rural class system. Social unrest occurred. A dictatorship formed in 1923 led by Primo de Rivera. In 1931, the Second Republic began and reforms like land redistribution and women's suffrage passed. However, conflicts grew and in 1936 General Francisco Franco launched a civil war, leading to dictatorship until his death in 1975. The transition to democracy followed, and Spain is now a modern democracy and member of the European Union.
The contemporary age2
- Isabel II ruled Spain from 1833 to 1868 but was unpopular. Her governments were dominated by military politicians until they died and the government became too weak. General Prim sent Isabel into exile and sought a new monarch.
- After two years, the Duke of Aosta, Amadeo I, accepted the throne but his reign was extremely unstable, dealing with conflicts between political parties, rebellions, and problems with the army. Unable to cope, he returned to Italy in 1873.
- Spain then became a republic for 11 months but experienced political and social instability along with three civil wars. General Martínez Campos restored the monarchy and Alfonso XII became the new King
Alfonso xii copia laura and silvia
Alfonso XIII became King of Spain in 1902 at the age of 16 after the death of his father Alfonso XII. He ruled during a period of instability that included Spain losing its last colonies, uprisings in Africa and Barcelona, and economic struggles for workers. In 1923, General Primo de Rivera carried out a coup and became dictator with Alfonso XIII's support. However, Primo de Rivera failed to solve Spain's problems and Alfonso XIII resumed rule in 1930. In 1931 elections, supporters of a republic won and Alfonso XIII was sent into exile, ending the Spanish monarchy.
Contemporary age
The document summarizes key events in 19th century Spanish history, including the French Revolution's impact on Spain, the War of Independence against Napoleon, the liberal Constitution of 1812, the loss of Spain's American colonies, and the turbulent reigns of Fernando VII and Isabella II. It also discusses social changes, the rise of the labor movement, and Francisco Goya's paintings which reflected the political upheaval and violence of the time period.
Social science unit 3
The document summarizes important events in 19th century Spanish history. It describes how France invaded Spain under Napoleon and installed his brother José on the throne, sparking the War of Independence. It then discusses the liberal Constitution of 1812, the restoration of absolutism under Ferdinand VII, and the Carlist Wars over succession. Finally, it outlines the overthrow of Isabel II in 1868, the establishment of parliamentary monarchy and the First Republic, and the restoration of the monarchy under Alfonso XII in 1874.
Contemporary age
1. In the early 19th century, Napoleon invaded Spain and Portugal, sparking the Spanish War of Independence. This war lasted from 1808 to 1814, ending with the French defeat and Ferdinand VII's return to the Spanish throne.
2. Ferdinand VII abolished the liberal Constitution of 1812 and established an absolute monarchy, causing political disorder. Most Spanish colonies gained independence during this time.
3. Isabella II became queen in 1833 but revolutions and unrest led to her exile in 1868, beginning a period of instability with multiple short-lived governments over the next decade.
Contemporary age
1. In the early 19th century, Napoleon invaded Spain and Portugal, sparking the Spanish War of Independence. This war lasted from 1808 to 1814, ending with the French defeat and Ferdinand VII's return to the Spanish throne.
2. Ferdinand VII abolished the liberal Constitution of 1812 and established an absolute monarchy, causing political disorder. Most Spanish colonies gained independence during this time.
3. Isabella II became queen in 1833 but revolutions and unrest led to her exile in 1868, beginning a period of instability over different forms of government.
Presentación goya
Isaac Newton was an English scientist born in 1642 who discovered gravity when an apple fell on his head. Francisco de Goya was a Spanish painter born in 1746 who produced works ranging from colorful scenes to darker subjects reflecting his disillusionment. His works commented on Spanish society and politics, and he documented the Spanish independence movement and Napoleonic invasion. In his later years, Goya painted a series of dark works reflecting his depression and criticism of the Spanish government.
20th century Spain
Spain in the 20th century experienced the reign of King Alfonso XIII, the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera from 1923-1930, and the Second Republic from 1931-1939 which established rights for both genders and separation of church and state. A civil war from 1936-1939 resulted in victory for rebel forces led by Franco, beginning a dictatorship until 1975. Franco centralized power under a single authoritarian regime that prohibited opposition and favored Catholicism. In the 1970s, protests increased and upon Franco's death in 1975, Spain transitioned to a democratic constitutional monarchy through a process known as the Transition.
17th century part 1
During the 16th century, Spain was the most powerful country in the world, but the 17th century saw its decline for several reasons: Spain spent vast amounts of money and resources participating in the Thirty Years' War and other conflicts, losing territories like Portugal in the process. The kings spent lavishly on wars but neglected infrastructure and the populace, impoverishing the country further, while pirates also attacked Spanish ships, preventing gold and silver from America from reaching Spain. The kings were disinterested in ruling as well, leaving government in the hands of validos, or favorite ministers.
Who am i 2 - spanish history
Amadeo I was the only King of Spain from the House of Savoy from 1870 to 1873. He was elected by the Cortes after the deposition of Isabella II but his reign was plagued by republicanism, rebellions, and independence movements. He abdicated and returned to Italy in 1873, leading to the establishment of Spain's First Republic. Juan Prim was a Spanish general and statesman who helped overthrow Isabella II and install Amadeo I as king but was assassinated in 1870. Alfonso XII later became King of Spain from 1874 to 1885 after the downfall of the First Republic.
Spain in the late 19th century.
Spain experienced political instability in the late 19th century.
Isabel II was forced to abdicate in 1868, which began a period of instability. Her successor, King Amadeo I, also faced conflicts between political parties, rebellions, and problems with the army. Unable to govern effectively, he returned to Italy in 1873.
This led to the establishment of Spain's first republic, but it only lasted 11 months as the country faced three simultaneous civil wars. In 1874, General Manuel Pavia staged a coup which ended the republic and restored the monarchy under King Alfonso XII.
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The document summarizes the Spanish War of Succession that took place from 1701-1714. When King Carlos II of Spain died without an heir in 1700, it sparked a rivalry between the Habsburg dynasty of Austria and the Bourbon dynasty of France over who would inherit the Spanish throne. This led to a civil war within Spain that then turned into an international war. The Treaty of Utrecht in 1714 ended the war, placing Felipe V of the Bourbon dynasty on the Spanish throne and ceding Spanish territories to Austria and England.
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Primary project Comunidad de Madrid. History for kids. Spanish History. 6th grade. Cataluña uprising.
Amadeo i marcos sánchez
Amadeo I was the only king of Spain called by that name. He ruled from 1871 to 1873 but faced many problems, including an uprising for Cuban independence, uprisings by Carlists in the Basque Country and Catalonia, and by republicans who wanted Spain to become a republic instead of a monarchy. Additionally, the Catholic Church did not support him because he had confiscated and sold Church properties, and he was unpopular because he was seen as a foreigner from Italy who did not speak Spanish well. His reign was further complicated by the assassination of General Juan Prim, who had played a key role in making Amadeo king.
Spain in the late 19th century vol.1
Spain experienced political instability in the late 19th century.
Isabel II was forced to abdicate in 1868, which began a period of instability. Her successor, King Amadeo I, also faced conflicts between political parties, rebellions, and problems with the army. Unable to govern effectively, he returned to Italy in 1873.
This led to the establishment of Spain's first republic, but it only lasted 11 months as the country faced three simultaneous civil wars. In 1874, General Manuel Pavia staged a coup which ended the republic and restored the monarchy under King Alfonso XII.
Spain under franco's rule
Under General Francisco Franco's dictatorship from 1939 to 1975, Spain experienced repression, censorship, and lack of freedoms. The government banned international trade and prohibited protests, uncensored press, and works like films and books deemed immoral. While the economy improved later through tourism, starvation and rationing were common after the civil war due to widespread poverty and the authoritarian regime's tight controls.
Early modern spain
1. Fernando and Isabel united their kingdoms through marriage, creating a powerful Spain. They established the Spanish Inquisition and expelled Jews in 1492.
2. Explorers like Columbus and Magellan expanded Spain's empire, leading to the conquest of the Aztecs and Incas. This introduced new goods, diseases, and slavery to the Americas.
3. The Hapsburg and Bourbon dynasties ruled Spain over subsequent centuries. The Bourbons centralized power and modernized Spain under the influence of the Enlightenment.
Spain after 1492
During the late 15th and early 16th centuries, Ferdinand and Isabella unified Spain and expanded its territories through conquests. Their funding of Columbus's expedition led to the discovery of America, beginning the Spanish Empire. Charles I expanded the empire further, though faced problems from revolts. Philip II made the empire even larger but costly wars impoverished Spain. The Spanish Golden Age between 1560-1680 was a high period for arts and culture. By the 17th century, weak rulers and revolts diminished Spain's power, leading to a succession dispute and war in the early 18th century.
Contemporary spain20th century
After the death of King Alfonso XII, Spain experienced political instability and conflict in the early 20th century. This led to a military dictatorship under Primo de Rivera from 1923-1930. The Second Republic then began in 1931, establishing democracy, secularism, and autonomy. However, these reforms divided Spain and led to civil war from 1936-1939, resulting in a nationalist victory under Francisco Franco, who ruled as a dictator until his death in 1975.
The middle ages
This document provides an overview of Spanish history from ancient times to the Middle Ages. It discusses how history is measured in years, decades, centuries, and millennia. It then describes some key periods and events in early Spanish history, including the Roman Empire in Hispania, the fall of the Western Roman Empire and establishment of the Visigothic Kingdom, the Muslim conquest in the 8th century AD and creation of Al-Andalus, and the beginning of the Reconquista by Christian kingdoms starting in the 8th century to take back land from Muslim rule.
Contemporary age
During the early 20th century, Spain was unhappy with the monarchy due to losses of colonies and wars. This led to a coup in 1923 where Primo de Rivera became dictator and banned political parties. In 1931, the Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed, establishing reforms like women's suffrage. However, a civil war broke out in 1936 between Republican and Nationalist groups, led by Francisco Franco. Franco emerged victorious in 1939 and established a dictatorship until his death in 1975, repressing opposition and restricting freedoms for several decades.
20th century spain
Spain lost its last colonies in the late 19th century. In the early 20th century, Spain experienced both industrial growth in cities and a rural class system. Social unrest occurred. A dictatorship formed in 1923 led by Primo de Rivera. In 1931, the Second Republic began and reforms like land redistribution and women's suffrage passed. However, conflicts grew and in 1936 General Francisco Franco launched a civil war, leading to dictatorship until his death in 1975. The transition to democracy followed, and Spain is now a modern democracy and member of the European Union.
The contemporary age2
- Isabel II ruled Spain from 1833 to 1868 but was unpopular. Her governments were dominated by military politicians until they died and the government became too weak. General Prim sent Isabel into exile and sought a new monarch.
- After two years, the Duke of Aosta, Amadeo I, accepted the throne but his reign was extremely unstable, dealing with conflicts between political parties, rebellions, and problems with the army. Unable to cope, he returned to Italy in 1873.
- Spain then became a republic for 11 months but experienced political and social instability along with three civil wars. General Martínez Campos restored the monarchy and Alfonso XII became the new King
Alfonso xii copia laura and silvia
Alfonso XIII became King of Spain in 1902 at the age of 16 after the death of his father Alfonso XII. He ruled during a period of instability that included Spain losing its last colonies, uprisings in Africa and Barcelona, and economic struggles for workers. In 1923, General Primo de Rivera carried out a coup and became dictator with Alfonso XIII's support. However, Primo de Rivera failed to solve Spain's problems and Alfonso XIII resumed rule in 1930. In 1931 elections, supporters of a republic won and Alfonso XIII was sent into exile, ending the Spanish monarchy.
Contemporary age
The document summarizes key events in 19th century Spanish history, including the French Revolution's impact on Spain, the War of Independence against Napoleon, the liberal Constitution of 1812, the loss of Spain's American colonies, and the turbulent reigns of Fernando VII and Isabella II. It also discusses social changes, the rise of the labor movement, and Francisco Goya's paintings which reflected the political upheaval and violence of the time period.
Social science unit 3
The document summarizes important events in 19th century Spanish history. It describes how France invaded Spain under Napoleon and installed his brother José on the throne, sparking the War of Independence. It then discusses the liberal Constitution of 1812, the restoration of absolutism under Ferdinand VII, and the Carlist Wars over succession. Finally, it outlines the overthrow of Isabel II in 1868, the establishment of parliamentary monarchy and the First Republic, and the restoration of the monarchy under Alfonso XII in 1874.
Contemporary age
1. In the early 19th century, Napoleon invaded Spain and Portugal, sparking the Spanish War of Independence. This war lasted from 1808 to 1814, ending with the French defeat and Ferdinand VII's return to the Spanish throne.
2. Ferdinand VII abolished the liberal Constitution of 1812 and established an absolute monarchy, causing political disorder. Most Spanish colonies gained independence during this time.
3. Isabella II became queen in 1833 but revolutions and unrest led to her exile in 1868, beginning a period of instability with multiple short-lived governments over the next decade.
Contemporary age
1. In the early 19th century, Napoleon invaded Spain and Portugal, sparking the Spanish War of Independence. This war lasted from 1808 to 1814, ending with the French defeat and Ferdinand VII's return to the Spanish throne.
2. Ferdinand VII abolished the liberal Constitution of 1812 and established an absolute monarchy, causing political disorder. Most Spanish colonies gained independence during this time.
3. Isabella II became queen in 1833 but revolutions and unrest led to her exile in 1868, beginning a period of instability over different forms of government.
Presentación goya
Isaac Newton was an English scientist born in 1642 who discovered gravity when an apple fell on his head. Francisco de Goya was a Spanish painter born in 1746 who produced works ranging from colorful scenes to darker subjects reflecting his disillusionment. His works commented on Spanish society and politics, and he documented the Spanish independence movement and Napoleonic invasion. In his later years, Goya painted a series of dark works reflecting his depression and criticism of the Spanish government.
20th century Spain
Spain in the 20th century experienced the reign of King Alfonso XIII, the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera from 1923-1930, and the Second Republic from 1931-1939 which established rights for both genders and separation of church and state. A civil war from 1936-1939 resulted in victory for rebel forces led by Franco, beginning a dictatorship until 1975. Franco centralized power under a single authoritarian regime that prohibited opposition and favored Catholicism. In the 1970s, protests increased and upon Franco's death in 1975, Spain transitioned to a democratic constitutional monarchy through a process known as the Transition.
17th century part 1
During the 16th century, Spain was the most powerful country in the world, but the 17th century saw its decline for several reasons: Spain spent vast amounts of money and resources participating in the Thirty Years' War and other conflicts, losing territories like Portugal in the process. The kings spent lavishly on wars but neglected infrastructure and the populace, impoverishing the country further, while pirates also attacked Spanish ships, preventing gold and silver from America from reaching Spain. The kings were disinterested in ruling as well, leaving government in the hands of validos, or favorite ministers.
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Amadeo I was the only King of Spain from the House of Savoy from 1870 to 1873. He was elected by the Cortes after the deposition of Isabella II but his reign was plagued by republicanism, rebellions, and independence movements. He abdicated and returned to Italy in 1873, leading to the establishment of Spain's First Republic. Juan Prim was a Spanish general and statesman who helped overthrow Isabella II and install Amadeo I as king but was assassinated in 1870. Alfonso XII later became King of Spain from 1874 to 1885 after the downfall of the First Republic.
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The document summarizes key events in the 19th century that led to the rise of nationalism and independence movements in Europe, Asia, and Latin America. It describes how Russia emancipated serfs in 1861, the American Civil War was fought over slavery, and Maximilian was executed as Emperor of Mexico in 1867. It also discusses the unification of Italy and Germany, the expansion of European colonial empires in Asia and Africa, and the loss of Spain's colonies in Latin America.
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The document summarizes the history of Spain from prehistoric times to the early 19th century. It describes how France invaded Spain in 1808 under Napoleon Bonaparte, forcing King Carlos IV and his son Fernando VII to abdicate. José Bonaparte then ruled Spain as José I until 1813 when the War of Independence broke out. The war resulted in Spain losing its American territories but gaining independence. The reigns of Fernando VII and his daughter Isabel II were marked by instability and civil wars between supporters of absolutism and constitutional monarchy. The artist Francisco Goya painted portraits of the royal family as well as scenes depicting the horrors of war.
Modern spain II
1. In the late 19th century, Spain experienced political instability and unrest due to authoritarian governments that did not enact democratic reforms. This led to a revolution in 1868 and the establishment of a short-lived republic in 1873.
2. Political stability returned under King Alfonso XII in 1874, beginning the Restoration period. However, this was still not a true democracy, and elections were manipulated. Industrialization began in this time.
3. Unrest continued in the early 20th century under King Alfonso XIII, culminating in the establishment of Primo de Rivera's dictatorship in 1923 after national disasters. This ended in 1930 and led to the formation of the Second Republic in 1931 and democratic reforms
Modern age
This document provides an overview of Spanish history from the 19th century to the present. It discusses key events like the Spanish War of Independence against Napoleon, the restoration of the monarchy under Ferdinand VII, the establishment of the First Spanish Republic in 1873, and the dictatorship of Francisco Franco from 1939-1975. It also summarizes cultural and social developments in 20th century Spain, including influential artists like Picasso, Dali, and Gaudi as well as changes for women's rights since the end of Franco's regime.
Reinados. Fernando VII e Isabel II
Ferdinand VII's reign from 1814-1833 was divided into three phases: restoration of absolutism from 1814-1820 which caused instability and liberal revolts; a liberal triennium from 1820-1823 which ended when Ferdinand called on French troops to restore absolutism; and a period of repression of liberals from 1823-1833. After Ferdinand's death in 1833, Isabella II took the throne, but Spain experienced political instability and alternating liberal and conservative governments during her reign from 1830-1868, which ended when she was deposed.
Isabel II
Queen Isabel II came to the throne as an infant in 1833 but faced disputes from the Carlists who refused to accept a female monarch. This led to civil wars. During her troubled reign from 1843 to 1868 she had ten children but many died young. Political instability grew as new parties emerged demanding reforms. In 1868 she was deposed in the Glorious Revolution and formally abdicated in 1870, leading to a period of provisional governments and instability until a democratic monarchy was established in 1871.
Unit 7 modern
The Industrial Revolution began in the late 18th century in Great Britain and spread to Europe, leading to faster production through inventions like the steam engine. This caused many people to move from rural areas to cities seeking work, resulting in overcrowding and poor working conditions. The French Revolution established France as a constitutional monarchy and had ripple effects felt throughout Europe including in Spain. In the 19th century Spain faced political instability, lost its colonies to independence movements, and its society changed with the emergence of social classes like the working proletariat that sought better wages and conditions.
Unif. of italy
The document summarizes the key individuals and events involved in the unification of Italy from the 18th century to 1871. It describes the roles of nationalist leaders Giuseppe Mazzini, Camillo Benso di Cavour, and Giuseppe Garibaldi in inspiring nationalist sentiment and military campaigns that helped unify the Italian states. It outlines how Cavour allied with France and fought Austria, and how Garibaldi led volunteers to take control of Sicily and southern Italy. By 1871, Italy was unified under King Victor Emmanuel II, though tensions remained with the Papal States over control of Rome.
Unit 3 liberalism and nationalism - part 2
Documento con contenidos sobre el liberalismo en España y la Independencia de las colonias americanas para 4º ESO bilinguë
Contemporary age in Spain overview
A brief overview on the main social and political issues in the Spain of the XIX century. Suitable for an introductory school session in a unit
Unit 6 final
This document provides an overview of modern Spanish history from the Middle Ages to the 20th century. It covers several key periods and events: the fall of the Roman Empire and arrival of the Visigoths and Muslims in the 8th century; the discovery of America in 1492; the Spanish Golden Age in the 16th-17th centuries; the French Revolution of 1789 and subsequent instability in 19th century Spain including multiple changes in government; the Spanish Civil War of 1936-1939 and Francisco Franco's dictatorship from 1939-1975; and the transition to democracy after Franco's death.
Italy
Between 1815-1914, Italy struggled for independence and unification. Several small revolutions broke out in 1819 and 1830 as some cities declared themselves republics. Giuseppe Mazzini founded Young Italy in 1830 to promote Italian unification. By 1848, Austria was on the verge of total control over Italy, so Italians sought help from allies. In 1860, most of Italy was unified and in 1861 Victor Emmanuel II was crowned as the first king of a largely unified Italy. However, it was not until 1910 that Italy defeated the Ottoman Empire and achieved full independence.
Modern spain
Modern Spain saw many political and social changes in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The Industrial Revolution led to increased standards of living but also greater inequality. The French Revolution spread liberal ideas opposing absolute monarchy. King Carlos IV's prime minister signed a treaty with Napoleon to divide Portugal, angering Carlos' son Fernando who forced Carlos to abdicate. Napoleon then invaded Spain and made his brother Joseph king, sparking the War of Independence. A new constitution in 1812 established rights and a constitutional monarchy, but King Fernando VII later abolished it and ruled absolutely until liberal revolts. His successor Isabel II faced Carlist Wars and political instability. Society was divided between upper, middle, and working classes as labor movements
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Class explanation: Contemporary history - Spain in the 19th century
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From isabel ii to the first republic
- 1. FROM ISABEL II TO THE FIRST REPUBLIC
- 2. Isabel II's reign was such a period of inestability that she had to escape to France in 1868 where she died in 1904.
- 3. Her government was so weak that General Juan Prim sent her to exile.
- 4. After Isabel II's exile nobody wanted to rule Spain, until a new king was found: Amadeo I from Saboya.
- 5. Amadeo I was the first king to be voted by the Parliament (remember that Spain was organized as a Parliamentary Monarchy).
- 6. Amadeo I was from Italy and he did not want to be king, although he accepted in 1870. He did not want to be king because there were many problems in Spain:
- 7. 1. The colony of Cuba wanted to be independent.
- 8. 2. Uprisings by Carlists in Cataluña and País Vasco.
- 9. 3. Uprisings by Republicans. They wanted Spain to be a Republic and not a Monarchy.
- 10. In a Monarchy, there is a King and there is a President of Government. Mariano RajoyFelipe VI
- 11. In a Republic, there is not any King. There is a President of the Republic and a President of Government (or Prime Minister). Edouard Philippe Emmanuel Macron
- 12. 4. The Catholic Church did not like him as he confiscated its lands and properties. After that, the government sold them. This was called DESAMORTIZACIÓN.
- 13. 5. Amadeo was unpopular among people. They considered him a foreigner with a poor Spanish command. ¿Qué? ¿Me puede repetir?
- 14. 5. Amadeo was unpopular among people. They considered him a foreigner with a poor Spanish command. ¿Qué? ¿Me puede repetir?
- 15. 6. His supporter General Juan Prim was assassinated.
- 16. Due to these reasons, Amadeo I returned to Italy in 1873.
- 17. THE FIRST REPUBLIC IN SPAIN (1873-1874)
- 18. Under Isabel II's reign Under the First Republic After the Spanish Constitution of 1978 EVOLUTION OF THE SHIELD IN THE FLAG
- 19. When Amadeo I returned to Italy, the First Republic was proclaimed in Spain.
- 20. 1. It was a period of great social and economic problems.
- 21. 2. It only lasted eleven months.
- 22. 3. There were four presidents in only eleven months. Figueras Francisco Pi y Margall Salmerón Castelar
- 23. 4. Some cities in Spain considered themselves as “small countries”. This is called Revolución Cantonal.
- 24. For example, Cádiz and Sevilla became “cantones independientes”. The problem is that some cities like San Fernando or Algeciras became independent from Cádiz. And this happened in several places.
- 25. In December, 1874 General Martínez Campos restored the monarchy from Bourbons. The next king would be Alfonso XII.