This document discusses different models and perspectives for conducting research. It outlines linear, cyclic, and complex models of the research process. The linear model involves defining a problem, setting up questions, developing a theory/model and hypotheses, operationalizing concepts, gathering and evaluating data, evaluating hypotheses, explaining results, and considering implications for theory. The cyclic model involves iterative research, evaluation, and comparison of examples. The complex model includes additional steps like defining the social problem, exploring contexts, isolating indicators, determining evaluation criteria, and considering applications and presentations of findings. The document also references sources for further reading on qualitative and quantitative research methodologies in German and English.