This document discusses diabetic footcare and prevention of foot problems. It outlines symptoms of issues like foot ulcers, infections, and vascular problems. Prevention methods are treating high blood glucose, smoking cessation, foot exams, moisturizing, nail trimming. Seeking care is needed for skin or temperature changes, foot pain, slow healing sores, or infected nails. Exams include history, labs, x-rays to diagnose and treat with antibiotics, wound cleaning, improving circulation.

1. DIABETIC FOOTCARE MITHRA ROLL NO-44

2. SYMPTOMS Persistent pain Redness Swelling Loss of hair Hard shiny skin Localised warmth Break in the skin

3. Drainage of pus or bloody discharge Limp or difficulty walking Fever Numbness

4. DIABETIC NEUROPATHY Damage of nerves in the legs and feet –loss of sensation. Foot ulcers occur because of nerve damage.

5. PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE Diabetes affects the blood vessels and alters the flow of blood. Unhealed injury increase the risk of ulcer and gangrene .

6. FOOT ULCER It is a break in the skin or a deep sore, which can become infected. It result from minor scrapes, cuts that heal slowly, or from the rubbing of shoes .

7. ATHLETE’S FOOT Cause redness,itching, crackin. PLANTAR WARTS Caused by virus affecting outer layer of skin.

8. BLISTERS Caused by wearing improperly fitting shoes. CORNS Build up of hard skin over bony area

9. FUNGAL NAIL INFECTION Nails become discolored thick and brittle. BUNIONS Big toe angles towards the second toe.

10. PREVENTION Keep the blood glucose level within the range recommended by doctor. Avoid smoking.

11. Maintain the blood flow to the feet. Put the feet up when sitting. Wiggle the toes and move the ankles several times a day Don't cross the legs for long periods of time

12. Check the feet every day for sores, blisters, redness, calluses, or other problems. Wash the feet with warm water and keep it moist by applying lotion.

13. Gently smooth corns and calluses with an emery board or pumice stone . Check and trim the toe nails once a week.

14. inspection of the skin check for pulses and temperature of the feet an assessment of sensation to the foot .

15. WHEN TO SEEK MEDICAL CARE Changes in skin color Changes in skin temperature in the foot or ankle Dry cracks in the skin, especially around the heal. Unusual and/or persistent foot pain in the legs. Open sores on the feet that are slow to or are draining. Ingrown or toenail infected with fungus. Corns or calluses .

16. EXAMINATION AND TESTS History and physical examination Laboratory Tests X-ray Doppler Consultation

17. TREATMENT Self Care at home Medical Treatment Antibiotics Surgical debridement of wound Improvement of circulation by surgery or therapy. Referral to Orthopaedic surgeon Follow up