The document summarizes the Fabaceae plant family. It discusses that the family includes 600 genera and 1200 species, making it the second largest family of dicotyledons. Key characteristics include alternate leaves that are pinnately or palmately compound, papilionaceous flowers with 5 petals and 10 stamens that are usually diadelphous, and fruits that are legumes or pods. Examples of important food plants in the family are peas, chickpeas, soybeans, and lentils.

1. BY;
SELVAM G
I-M.SC
BOTANY
BHARTHIDASAN UNIVERSITY
TRICHY, TAMILNADU

2. Class - Dicotyledons
Subclass - Polypetalae
Series - Calyciflorae
Order - Leguminales
Family - Fabaceae

3.  Pisum sativum
 Cicer arietinum
 Glycine max
 Lathyrus odoratuS
 Crotolaria guncea
 Arachis hypogea

4.  The family is also known as Fabaceae. It includes 600 genera
and 1200 spices.
 It is regarded as the second largest family of dicotyledons.
 In India the family is represented by 1100 species and 100
genera.
 The family divided into 3 sub-families .
 Faboideae
 Caesalpinoideae
 mimosoidceae

5.  Fabaceae a wide variety of habits.
 The plants may be herbs eg Trifolium.
 Climbers eg Pisum sativum
 trees Erythrina aquatic plant.

6.  Stem: herbaceous, weak or woody branched
cylindrical or angular.
 Leaves: Alternate and stipulate leafbase is
swollen (pulvinus).
 Leaves are pinnately or palmately compound.
In Pisum sativum the upper leaflets are
modified to tendril.

7.  Raceme or panicle raceme sometimes solitary axillary.
 Flowers
 Flowers are bracteates, bracteolate, pedicillate,
complete, bisexual, zygomerphic usually Hypogynous
or slightly perigynous.
 Calyx
 Usually 5 sepals, gamosepalous, aestivation is valvate
or imbricate, odd sepal is anterior

8.  Corolla:
 5 petals, polypetolous, corolla is papilionaceous.
 The odd posterior petal is called standard or Vexillum is
the largest petal.
 The two lateral ones, called wing, two innermost are
smallest united to shaped structure called Keel.

9.  Stamens 10, usually diadelphous e.g. 1+ (9), sometimes
monadelphous, rarely polyandrous, anthers are dithecous,
dorsifixed and introrse.
 Gynoecium:
 Monocarpellary, ovary superior, unilocular with many
ovules at ventral sutures.
 Placentation is marginal. The style is long stigma capitate.
 Fruit:
 It is a legume (pod) or lomentum.

10.  Habit climbing herb.
 Root Tap, branched.
 Stem herbaceous, weak, fistular, branched, hairy.
 Leaf alternate, petiolate, stipulate, stipules leafy,
pinnately compound, imparipinnate, upper leaflets are
modified into tendrils and help in climbing.
 Leaflets opposite, ovate-elliptical, wavy margin, acute
apex unicostate, reticulate venation.

11.  Racemose or solitary axillary.
Flower
 Bracteate, pedicellate, complete, hermaphrodite,
zygomorphic pentamerous, hypogynous.
Calyx
 Sepals 5, gamosepalous, pentapartite, companulate, odd
sepal anterior, imbricate aestivation, green, hairy.
Corolla
 Petals 5, polypetalous, papilionaceous, consisting of a
large posterior petal – the vexillum or standard, two
lateral-alae or wings and two inner fused to form a boat
shaped structure the keel or carnia, vexillary aestivation.

12.  Stamens 10, diadelphous, nine are fused by the lower
halves of their filaments to form a tube round the
ovary and tenth posterior one free, anthers basifixed,
introrse, dithecous, enclosed in the keel.
Gynoecium
 Monocarpellary, ovary superior, unilocular, hairy,
elongated, laterally compressed, marginal
placentation ovules many, style long, stigma hairy.
Fruit
 Legume or pod or lomentum.

13. Floral formula

14.  Plants used as food:
 the family contains many food plants including
Cajanuscajans Pisum sativum Soyabean Glycine max
ect.
 Plant used for oils Arachis hypogea Glycene soya.
 Plant used ornmamental purposes Sesbania
grandiflora Lathyrus odoretam monosperma etc.
 plants timber and fibres Shishum (Dalbargia sisso),
Sunn hemp (Crotolaria juncea).