Solanaceae family
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This document summarizes the key characteristics of the Solanaceae plant family. It notes that Solanaceae includes many important agricultural crops and plants found worldwide in temperate and tropical regions. Key features described include their growth form as annual or perennial herbs, vines, shrubs or rarely trees; their leaves, flowers, fruits, and economic uses. Some examples of important Solanaceae plants are provided like potato, eggplant, peppers, and tomato.
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Solanaceae
This document summarizes the Solanaceae family of plants. It describes their global and regional distribution, as well as their morphological characteristics such as herbaceous or woody habits, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds. Some key economic species are highlighted, including tomato, potato, tobacco, and medicinal plants. The family has a cosmopolitan distribution and includes herbs, shrubs, trees, and twining plants, many of which are poisonous.
Family Asteraceae
This document provides information about the Asteraceae (Sunflower or Aster) family of flowering plants:
- It is the largest family of flowering plants, with over 1,500 genera and 23,000 species worldwide. India has 166 genera and 803 species.
- Plants can be herbs, shrubs, trees, with features like taproots, tubers, hairy or winged stems, alternate or opposite leaves.
- Flowers are arranged in capitula (flower heads), subtended by involucral bracts, with tubular or ligulate corollas. Stamens are syngenesious and anthers form a cylinder.
- Fruits are cy
Family Malvaceae
Malvaceae, or the mallows, is a family of flowering plants estimated to contain 244 genera with 4225 known species. Well-known members of economic importance include okra, cotton, cacao and durian. There are also some genera containing familiar ornamentals, such as Alcea, Malva and Lavatera, as well as Tilia
Brassicaceae family (BRASSICACEAE)
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Asteraceae
This document provides information about the Asteraceae family of flowering plants. It discusses the classification, distribution, morphological characteristics, types of flowers (disc and ray florets), and some economically important species of the family. Key points include that Asteraceae is one of the largest families, comprising around 950 genera and 20,000 species worldwide. It describes the distinguishing features of the family such as the composite flower head (capitulum) made up of disc and ray florets. Common genera mentioned are Helianthus, Eclipta, Tridax, Tagetes and Calendula.
Lamiaceae
1. The document discusses the Lamiaceae family, also known as the mint family. It is one of the largest families of flowering plants, with over 7,000 species distributed worldwide.
2. Members of the Lamiaceae family are mostly aromatic herbs or shrubs. They have characteristic features like opposite leaves, square stems, bilabiate flowers arranged in clusters, and nut-like fruits. Some economically important plants in this family include mints, basils, lavenders, rosemary, and sages.
3. The family is of great importance to humans for uses such as flavoring foods, perfumes, medicines, ornamentals, and dyes. Many species contain volatile oils that give
Family Rosaceae
this presentation is about family rosaceae. it is also known as Rose family. in this presentation you will study about the occurrence, distribution, vegetative characters, floral characters, important genera and economic importance this family.
Convolvulaceae
The Convolvulaceae family contains about 55 genera and 1930 species of mostly twining or climbing herbs. It is cosmopolitan but most diverse in the tropics and subtropics. Flowers are usually bisexual and monoecious with 5 sepals and petals. Fruits include capsules, berries, and nuts. Many species are important ornamentals or crops like sweet potato, while others like field bindweed are invasive weeds. Dodder is a holoparasitic genus that lacks chlorophyll and attaches to host plants to extract nutrients.
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Solanaceae
This document summarizes the Solanaceae family of plants. It describes their global and regional distribution, as well as their morphological characteristics such as herbaceous or woody habits, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds. Some key economic species are highlighted, including tomato, potato, tobacco, and medicinal plants. The family has a cosmopolitan distribution and includes herbs, shrubs, trees, and twining plants, many of which are poisonous.
Family Asteraceae
This document provides information about the Asteraceae (Sunflower or Aster) family of flowering plants:
- It is the largest family of flowering plants, with over 1,500 genera and 23,000 species worldwide. India has 166 genera and 803 species.
- Plants can be herbs, shrubs, trees, with features like taproots, tubers, hairy or winged stems, alternate or opposite leaves.
- Flowers are arranged in capitula (flower heads), subtended by involucral bracts, with tubular or ligulate corollas. Stamens are syngenesious and anthers form a cylinder.
- Fruits are cy
Family Malvaceae
Malvaceae, or the mallows, is a family of flowering plants estimated to contain 244 genera with 4225 known species. Well-known members of economic importance include okra, cotton, cacao and durian. There are also some genera containing familiar ornamentals, such as Alcea, Malva and Lavatera, as well as Tilia
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This document provides information about the Asteraceae family of flowering plants. It discusses the classification, distribution, morphological characteristics, types of flowers (disc and ray florets), and some economically important species of the family. Key points include that Asteraceae is one of the largest families, comprising around 950 genera and 20,000 species worldwide. It describes the distinguishing features of the family such as the composite flower head (capitulum) made up of disc and ray florets. Common genera mentioned are Helianthus, Eclipta, Tridax, Tagetes and Calendula.
Lamiaceae
1. The document discusses the Lamiaceae family, also known as the mint family. It is one of the largest families of flowering plants, with over 7,000 species distributed worldwide.
2. Members of the Lamiaceae family are mostly aromatic herbs or shrubs. They have characteristic features like opposite leaves, square stems, bilabiate flowers arranged in clusters, and nut-like fruits. Some economically important plants in this family include mints, basils, lavenders, rosemary, and sages.
3. The family is of great importance to humans for uses such as flavoring foods, perfumes, medicines, ornamentals, and dyes. Many species contain volatile oils that give
Family Rosaceae
this presentation is about family rosaceae. it is also known as Rose family. in this presentation you will study about the occurrence, distribution, vegetative characters, floral characters, important genera and economic importance this family.
Convolvulaceae
The Convolvulaceae family contains about 55 genera and 1930 species of mostly twining or climbing herbs. It is cosmopolitan but most diverse in the tropics and subtropics. Flowers are usually bisexual and monoecious with 5 sepals and petals. Fruits include capsules, berries, and nuts. Many species are important ornamentals or crops like sweet potato, while others like field bindweed are invasive weeds. Dodder is a holoparasitic genus that lacks chlorophyll and attaches to host plants to extract nutrients.
Ascleipadiacaea
This document provides information on the Asclepiadaceae plant family. It discusses the classification, distribution, habitat, morphology, and examples of some members of the family. The family has 280 genera and 1800 species that are mainly found in tropical regions. Plants in the family are mostly herbs, shrubs, or woody climbers that produce milky latex. Flowers are bisexual and have a fused corolla with corolline corona. Some economically important members include Asclepias curassavica which is used ornamentally and medicinally, Cryptostegia grandiflora which produces latex for rubber, and Hemidesmus indicus which has medicinal roots.
Solanaceae
1. Solanaceae is a family of flowering plants known as the nightshade family, containing over 2,500 species including important food crops like the potato, tomato, and peppers.
2. Members are found worldwide but are most abundant in the tropical regions of Latin America. They include herbs, shrubs, trees, and climbing plants. Many species contain poisonous alkaloids.
3. Economically important members are used as food (potato, tomato, peppers), medicine (belladonna, henbane), and narcotics (tobacco). Ornamental genera include petunia and datura.
Rutaceae
This document provides information about the plant family Rutaceae (citrus family). It discusses the general characteristics of the family including their distribution in tropical and temperate regions. Key features include hermaphrodite flowers with a disc below the ovary, 10 stamens in an obdiplostemonous arrangement, and a superior ovary. The family includes trees, shrubs, and few herbs. Many members have aromatic leaves and fruits valued for their vitamins and essential oils. Specific details are provided about Citrus aurantium describing its morphology.
Family lamiaceae
This document summarizes the taxonomic classification and characteristics of plants in the mint family (Lamiaceae). It describes their vegetative and floral structures and provides an example analysis of the species Ocimum sanctum. Some economic uses of Lamiaceae plants are mentioned, including as food, medicine, ornamentals, perfumes, and dyes. Key details provided include that they are mostly aromatic herbs or shrubs, have opposite leaves, bilabiate calyces and corollas, and schizocarpic fruits.
Ranunculaceae
The Ranunculaceae family contains over 2000 species of annual or perennial herbs, vines, and trees that are cosmopolitan but flourish in temperate climates. Important species include buttercups, larkspurs, and monkshoods. Plants have herbaceous stems, alternate or compound leaves, and cymose or solitary inflorescences bearing numerous stamens and carpels. Fruits are achenes or follicles. Many species are used ornamentally or medicinally as they contain alkaloids and glycosides. Some are also used as condiments, while others are weeds or produce poisonous juices.
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The document discusses the plant family Rubiaceae, otherwise known as the coffee family. It specifically focuses on Cinchona pubescens, commonly known as red cinchona. Some key details are:
- Cinchona pubescens is a tall tree native to Central and South America that grows in tropical forests between 300-3900 meters in altitude.
- Its bark contains quinine and quinidine, which are used to treat malaria and cardiac arrhythmias, respectively. An infusion of the bark also has other medicinal uses.
- The leaves are opposite and ovate with an entire margin. Pink flowers grow in panicle inflorescences and develop into capsular fruits containing
Asteraceae Family
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This document summarizes the characteristics of the Annonaceae plant family. It includes 130 genera and 2300 species of aromatic trees and shrubs found in tropical regions. Key features include oil ducts in bark, leaves and flowers, alternate simple leaves, axillary or terminal inflorescences, numerous spirally arranged stamens and carpels on a receptacle, and fruits that are aggregates of berries. Several species have economic importance as sources of edible fruits, oils, fibers, and wood.
Capparidaceae.pptx
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* Several shrubby species of Capparis occur in the Mediterranean region.
* Reference - Taxonomy of Angiosperms - Dr. B. P. Pandey
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This document provides information about the order Ginkgoales. It discusses that Ginkgoales is an ancient order of gymnosperms that is now only represented by one surviving species, Ginkgo biloba, known as the living fossil. The document describes the morphological features and life cycle of G. biloba, including its fan-shaped leaves, dioecious reproduction, and development of male microsporangia and female megasporangia. It also notes the economic and medicinal uses of G. biloba as an ornamental shade tree and treatment for memory problems.
Asclepiadaceae family
1. The Asclepiadaceae family includes 320 genera and 2,000 species that are widely distributed throughout the tropics and subtropics. It contains plants that are herbs, shrubs, vines, and rarely trees.
2. The family is characterized by having opposite or whorled leaves, cymose or racemose inflorescences, pentamerous flowers with a fused corolla and stamens, and a syncarpous gynoecium fused to form a disc.
3. Reproduction is through a specialized pollination mechanism involving pollinia and a translator apparatus to facilitate pollen transfer by insects from flower to flower.
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The document summarizes the characteristics of plants in the Acanthaceae family. It describes their vegetative parts such as leaves and stems, floral parts including sepals, petals, stamens and carpels. It notes that the family includes 250 genera and 2500 species distributed chiefly in tropics and subtropics. It provides examples of their economic importance as medicinal plants and ornamentals.
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Solanaceae taxonomy
This document provides details about the plant family Solanaceae. It discusses that Solanaceae is the third largest plant family, including 95 genera and over 2800 species. Key characteristics include herbs, shrubs, trees or vines with alternate leaves and five-petaled flowers. Economic importance includes food crops like potato, tomato and eggplant, as well as medicinal plants. Datura metal is described as having large white flowers, spiny capsules and endospermous seeds. Common Solanaceae species in Pakistan include tobacco, chili peppers and brinjal.
FAMILY APIACEAE
Characters of Apiaceae:
Stem fistular, leaves alternate, much dissected mostly decompound, sheathing leaf base; inflorescence umbel or compound umbel occasionally simple; flowers epigynous, pentamerous, regular rarely zygomorphic, hermaphrodite; calyx superior, pentafid or 0; corolla five, polypetalous, often inflexed; stamens 5; carpels 2; syncarpous, bicarpellary with 2 pendulous ovules; honey-disc surrounding the stigmas – stylopodium is present; fruit cremocarp; seeds endospermic and oily.
A. Vegetative characters:
Habit:
Plants are mostly herbs which may be annual, biennial or perennial, the herbs may be large (Bupleurum, Heracleum, Agelica) rarely shrubs with aromatic odour due to the presence of oil ducts. Pseudocarum climbs by means of its petioles which are very sensitive to contact.
Solanaceae.pptx
Solanaceae family is also known as the potato family.
Around 2000 species of dicotyledonous plants belong to this family.
Solanaceae is a family of angiosperms.
It is widely distributed all over the world in tropical, subtropical and temperate zones.
It includes a number of spices, medicinal plants, agricultural crops, etc.
Vegetables like potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, eggplant are included in the Solanaceae family.
Many plants are of medicinal importance. The main medicinal plants are Atropa belladonna, Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha), Datura, etc.
Some alkaloids are toxic too. Some of the important alkaloids are tropanes, nicotine, capsaicin, solanine, hyoscyamine, etc.
Many ornamental plants also belong to this family. E.g. Petunia, Lycianthes, Cestrum, etc.
These are important sources of spices. E.g. chilly
The leaves of Nicotiana tabacum are a major source of tobacco. Tobacco is a commercially very important plant.
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Poaceae
The document describes the Poaceae family of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as grasses. It details their morphological characteristics, classification, examples of important species, and their significant economic uses as sources of food, fodder, sugar, building materials, furniture, aromatics, medicines, paper, and ornamentals. Poaceae is one of the largest angiosperm families, with over 10,000 species found worldwide in various ecological habitats.
ROSACEAE.pptx
This document provides information on the Rosaceae family and some of its economically important members. It discusses the taxonomy and classification of Rosaceae, describing that it consists of about 115 genera and 3,200 species distributed worldwide, though mainly in temperate regions. Key characteristics of Rosaceae like habit, roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds are outlined. Details on specific genera such as apple, strawberry and rose are also provided, including their botanical features and floral formulas.
asteraceae-200420074618.pdf
This document provides information about the Asteraceae (Sunflower or Aster) family of flowering plants. It discusses the family's large geographical distribution, taxonomy according to different scholars, morphological characteristics including leaves, inflorescence, flowers, and fruits. It also outlines some economic uses of Asteraceae plants such as food, oil, rubber, insecticides, ornamentals, and medicinal properties. Taxonomists have assigned different systematic positions to the family over time.
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This document provides information on the Asclepiadaceae plant family. It discusses the classification, distribution, habitat, morphology, and examples of some members of the family. The family has 280 genera and 1800 species that are mainly found in tropical regions. Plants in the family are mostly herbs, shrubs, or woody climbers that produce milky latex. Flowers are bisexual and have a fused corolla with corolline corona. Some economically important members include Asclepias curassavica which is used ornamentally and medicinally, Cryptostegia grandiflora which produces latex for rubber, and Hemidesmus indicus which has medicinal roots.
Solanaceae
1. Solanaceae is a family of flowering plants known as the nightshade family, containing over 2,500 species including important food crops like the potato, tomato, and peppers.
2. Members are found worldwide but are most abundant in the tropical regions of Latin America. They include herbs, shrubs, trees, and climbing plants. Many species contain poisonous alkaloids.
3. Economically important members are used as food (potato, tomato, peppers), medicine (belladonna, henbane), and narcotics (tobacco). Ornamental genera include petunia and datura.
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This document provides information about the plant family Rutaceae (citrus family). It discusses the general characteristics of the family including their distribution in tropical and temperate regions. Key features include hermaphrodite flowers with a disc below the ovary, 10 stamens in an obdiplostemonous arrangement, and a superior ovary. The family includes trees, shrubs, and few herbs. Many members have aromatic leaves and fruits valued for their vitamins and essential oils. Specific details are provided about Citrus aurantium describing its morphology.
Family lamiaceae
This document summarizes the taxonomic classification and characteristics of plants in the mint family (Lamiaceae). It describes their vegetative and floral structures and provides an example analysis of the species Ocimum sanctum. Some economic uses of Lamiaceae plants are mentioned, including as food, medicine, ornamentals, perfumes, and dyes. Key details provided include that they are mostly aromatic herbs or shrubs, have opposite leaves, bilabiate calyces and corollas, and schizocarpic fruits.
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The Ranunculaceae family contains over 2000 species of annual or perennial herbs, vines, and trees that are cosmopolitan but flourish in temperate climates. Important species include buttercups, larkspurs, and monkshoods. Plants have herbaceous stems, alternate or compound leaves, and cymose or solitary inflorescences bearing numerous stamens and carpels. Fruits are achenes or follicles. Many species are used ornamentally or medicinally as they contain alkaloids and glycosides. Some are also used as condiments, while others are weeds or produce poisonous juices.
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The document discusses the plant family Rubiaceae, otherwise known as the coffee family. It specifically focuses on Cinchona pubescens, commonly known as red cinchona. Some key details are:
- Cinchona pubescens is a tall tree native to Central and South America that grows in tropical forests between 300-3900 meters in altitude.
- Its bark contains quinine and quinidine, which are used to treat malaria and cardiac arrhythmias, respectively. An infusion of the bark also has other medicinal uses.
- The leaves are opposite and ovate with an entire margin. Pink flowers grow in panicle inflorescences and develop into capsular fruits containing
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The document summarizes key information about the Asteraceae (Compositae) family. It describes their classification as dicots with composite flower heads. The flowers can be tubular disc florets in the center and ligulate ray florets around the edge. Their fruits are cypselas and they have evolved specialized features like the pappus for wind dispersal. The family is considered advanced due to traits like the composite inflorescence that aid in cross-pollination and their worldwide success with many species.
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This document summarizes the characteristics of the Annonaceae plant family. It includes 130 genera and 2300 species of aromatic trees and shrubs found in tropical regions. Key features include oil ducts in bark, leaves and flowers, alternate simple leaves, axillary or terminal inflorescences, numerous spirally arranged stamens and carpels on a receptacle, and fruits that are aggregates of berries. Several species have economic importance as sources of edible fruits, oils, fibers, and wood.
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Asclepiadaceae family
1. The Asclepiadaceae family includes 320 genera and 2,000 species that are widely distributed throughout the tropics and subtropics. It contains plants that are herbs, shrubs, vines, and rarely trees.
2. The family is characterized by having opposite or whorled leaves, cymose or racemose inflorescences, pentamerous flowers with a fused corolla and stamens, and a syncarpous gynoecium fused to form a disc.
3. Reproduction is through a specialized pollination mechanism involving pollinia and a translator apparatus to facilitate pollen transfer by insects from flower to flower.
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The document summarizes the characteristics of plants in the Acanthaceae family. It describes their vegetative parts such as leaves and stems, floral parts including sepals, petals, stamens and carpels. It notes that the family includes 250 genera and 2500 species distributed chiefly in tropics and subtropics. It provides examples of their economic importance as medicinal plants and ornamentals.
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This ppt contains all about the family Rosaceae under Dicotyledons. It explains about its systematic position, general characters, phylogenetic affinities, floral formula and diagram, economic importance and important genera under this family.
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This document provides details about the plant family Solanaceae. It discusses that Solanaceae is the third largest plant family, including 95 genera and over 2800 species. Key characteristics include herbs, shrubs, trees or vines with alternate leaves and five-petaled flowers. Economic importance includes food crops like potato, tomato and eggplant, as well as medicinal plants. Datura metal is described as having large white flowers, spiny capsules and endospermous seeds. Common Solanaceae species in Pakistan include tobacco, chili peppers and brinjal.
FAMILY APIACEAE
Characters of Apiaceae:
Stem fistular, leaves alternate, much dissected mostly decompound, sheathing leaf base; inflorescence umbel or compound umbel occasionally simple; flowers epigynous, pentamerous, regular rarely zygomorphic, hermaphrodite; calyx superior, pentafid or 0; corolla five, polypetalous, often inflexed; stamens 5; carpels 2; syncarpous, bicarpellary with 2 pendulous ovules; honey-disc surrounding the stigmas – stylopodium is present; fruit cremocarp; seeds endospermic and oily.
A. Vegetative characters:
Habit:
Plants are mostly herbs which may be annual, biennial or perennial, the herbs may be large (Bupleurum, Heracleum, Agelica) rarely shrubs with aromatic odour due to the presence of oil ducts. Pseudocarum climbs by means of its petioles which are very sensitive to contact.
Solanaceae.pptx
Solanaceae family is also known as the potato family.
Around 2000 species of dicotyledonous plants belong to this family.
Solanaceae is a family of angiosperms.
It is widely distributed all over the world in tropical, subtropical and temperate zones.
It includes a number of spices, medicinal plants, agricultural crops, etc.
Vegetables like potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, eggplant are included in the Solanaceae family.
Many plants are of medicinal importance. The main medicinal plants are Atropa belladonna, Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha), Datura, etc.
Some alkaloids are toxic too. Some of the important alkaloids are tropanes, nicotine, capsaicin, solanine, hyoscyamine, etc.
Many ornamental plants also belong to this family. E.g. Petunia, Lycianthes, Cestrum, etc.
These are important sources of spices. E.g. chilly
The leaves of Nicotiana tabacum are a major source of tobacco. Tobacco is a commercially very important plant.
TAXONOMY- characters of Nyctaginaceae
The document summarizes the characteristics of the plant family Nyctaginaceae. Key features include flowers that open in the late afternoon and are usually surrounded by brightly colored bracts. Common plants in the family include Mirabilis jalapa, Boerhaavia diffusa, and Bougainvillea species. Plants range from herbs to shrubs and some climb. Flowers are perfect or imperfect, with 4-5 petal-like tepals. The fruit is a dry, one-seeded achene surrounded by persistent perianth lobes. Some species have medicinal uses while others are grown ornamentally. Nyctaginaceae is closely related to Polygonaceae but can be distinguished by its fruit enclosed
Poaceae
The document describes the Poaceae family of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as grasses. It details their morphological characteristics, classification, examples of important species, and their significant economic uses as sources of food, fodder, sugar, building materials, furniture, aromatics, medicines, paper, and ornamentals. Poaceae is one of the largest angiosperm families, with over 10,000 species found worldwide in various ecological habitats.
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This document provides information about the Asteraceae (Sunflower or Aster) family of flowering plants. It discusses the family's large geographical distribution, taxonomy according to different scholars, morphological characteristics including leaves, inflorescence, flowers, and fruits. It also outlines some economic uses of Asteraceae plants such as food, oil, rubber, insecticides, ornamentals, and medicinal properties. Taxonomists have assigned different systematic positions to the family over time.
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The potato is a tuber that was botanically named Solanum tuberosum in 1596. It develops from underground stolons and stores starches and sugars. Tubers vary widely in size, weight, and color. They have scars from scale leaves, multiple eyes that are axillary buds, lenticels for gas exchange, and an almost impermeable skin for protection. Potatoes are grown for their starchy tubers which are eaten around the world.
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infloresences, leaves (complexity, attachment to stem, arrangement, blade shape, margin, apex,
base, venation and trichomes). Other interesting facts.
1. Isomeris arboea (Bladderpod) - Drought tolerant plant
2. Sinningia macrostachya
3. Ceropegia dichotoma
4. Lilium longiflorum
5. Peperomia verticiliata
Solution
I. Isomeris arboea
Also known as Bladderpod, Burrofat and California cleome.This plant is a fast-growing
evergreen dicot shrub from the family Capparaceae. It is a dense shrub with profuse branching
and small hairs/trichomes. It normally grows in well-draining rocky areas with good exposure to
sunlight. It is found in Southern Sierra Nevada Foothills, Tehachapi Mountain area, San Joaquin
Valley,Central Coast, South Coast, Channel Islands, Deserts, and Baja,CA
Habitat - Coastal bluffs, hills, desert washes, flats below 3,900\'
Height by Width: 3-4\' H x 4\' W
Stems - profusely branched; glabrate or puberulent (bark corky, twigs smooth)
inflorescence: The plant produces abundant inflorescences at the ends of the stem branches, each
a cluster of bright yellow flowers. Each flower has usually four petals and six whiskery
protruding stamens with curling tips holding the anthers. The fruit is an inflated capsule about 4
centimeters long and usually oval in shape. It is smooth and green when new, aging to light
brown. Fruits when dry, resemble a paper lantern that rattles (the seeds inside the dried fruit
rattle around). The flowers are dense terminal racemes. The calyx is four-cleft and the sepals are
fused in the basal half. It has four petals ½” long, 6 yellow stamens that are long and a pistil with
a short style. Sepals persistent, connate ca. 1/2 of length, green, lanceolate, 4–7 × 2.2–4 mm,
margins entire, glabrous; petals yellow, ovate-elliptic, 8–14 × 4.2–5 mm, (apex acute); stamens
yellow, 15–25 mm; anthers 2–2.5 mm; gynophore (reflexed), 10–20 mm in fruit; ovary 3–6 mm
(often aborting in bud); style 0.9–1.2 mm. Capsules (tardily dehiscent), usually inflated ,(valves
sometimes 3), 20–30 × 6–12 mm, smooth. Seeds 5–25, dark brown, obovoid, 6–7 × 5–6 mm,
smooth.
Leaves: Its leaves are made up of three equal leaflike leaflets, each a long, pointed oval 1-4 cm
long. The leaves are alternate, entire, petiolate and trifoliate with leaflets that are oblong-elliptic
with small pointed tips. petiole 1–3 cm; leaflets 3, blade oblong-elliptic, 1.5–4.5 × 0.4–1.3 cm,
margins serrate, apex acuminate to obtuse, surfaces glaucous. Racemes 1–3 cm (6–40 cm in
fruit); bracts unifoliate, obovate to spatulate, 2–15 mm. Pedicels 7–15 mm (thickened in fruit).
extra information:
II. Sinningia macrostachya
Family: Gesneriaceae
Popular names – leather leaf, Gloxinia
Sinningia macrostachya has a perennial stem base, very stiff leaves, and numerous small orange
flowers. Its fleshy stems are joined to the woody trunk. Each year, the woody part of the stems
exten.
Rubiaceae
This document summarizes key information about the plant family Rubiaceae. It discusses the systematic position of Rubiaceae as a family within the order Rubiales. It then describes the worldwide distribution of Rubiaceae, noting it contains over 13,000 species found in most habitats. The document outlines common morphological features of Rubiaceae, including stipules, inferior ovaries, and animal-pollinated flowers. It provides examples of economic plants from Rubiaceae like coffee, cinchona, and Ixora species. The document concludes with a detailed description of floral characteristics of the ornamental shrub Ixora coccinea.
Identification of monocot weeds pdf
This document discusses several monocot weed species found in Chhattisgarh, India. It begins by explaining that monocots have one cotyledon and includes grasses, sedges, lilies and cattails. Several grass species are described, including Saccharum munja, Eleusine indica, Phalaris minor and Cynodon dactylon. Sedges are also discussed. The document then provides detailed descriptions, images and information on the growth habit, habitat and uses of various monocot weed species found in the region.
Family cannabiaceae
This document describes the Cannabaceae family, which includes two genera: Cannabis and Humulus. Cannabis sativa is the most widely known species, growing throughout India. It is a dioecious annual herb with palmately compound leaves. Male plants produce small green/yellow flowers in loose panicles, while female plants have dense clusters sometimes hidden by bracts. The fruit is an achene covered by sepals. Humulus lupulus is commonly known as hops, a dioecious perennial vine grown commercially for its flower cones used in beer production.
10 DOH Approved Herbal Plants in the Philippines
This document provides taxonomic accounts and descriptions of 10 herbal plants that have been approved by the Department of Health for treatment. It describes the plant name, taxonomic classification, physical description, distribution, traditional medicinal uses, and major phytochemical constituents for each of the following plants: Lagundi, Yerba Buena, Sambong, Tsaang Gubat, Niyog-niyogan, Bayabas, Akapulko, Ulasimaang Bato/Pansit-pansitan. The document aims to inform readers about various indigenous Philippine plants that have therapeutic properties and government approval for treating ailments.
Pea
This document provides an introduction to pea (Pisum sativum L.), including its origin, distribution, description, botany, uses, and breeding. It notes that pea originated in the Mediterranean region and western Asia and is now widely cultivated globally. Pea is used as a fresh or processed vegetable and for dehydration, canning, and freezing. The document describes pea plant morphology and inheritance patterns. It outlines breeding objectives such as disease resistance, yield, and quality. Breeding methods including selection and hybridization are discussed. Popular varieties developed in India are mentioned.
Euphorbiaceae
1. The Euphorbiaceae family contains over 283 genera and 7,300 species found throughout the world. It includes many plants of economic importance.
2. Plants in this family exhibit great variation in habit, ranging from annual or perennial herbs, shrubs, trees, and some that are cactus-like. They possess characteristics like taproots, branched stems, alternate or opposite leaves, and latex-containing vessels.
3. The flowers are always unisexual and may be arranged in inflorescences like cymes, spikes or heads. They typically lack either calyx or corolla or both. Important genera include Euphorbia, Ricinus, Phyllanthus, Cro
family_leguminosae_ppt.pptx
This document provides information about the Leguminosae family of plants. It discusses that the Leguminosae family is also known as the pea family, and is the second largest family of dicotyledonous plants. It is widely distributed and economically important. The document outlines the classification of the family and describes characteristics such as their roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds. It provides details on their vegetative parts as well as floral characteristics like their inflorescence, calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium. Diagrams are also included to illustrate these structures like the descending imbricate corolla aestivation and floral formula of Pisum sativ
Lamiaceae & nyctaginaceae
The document describes the systematic position and characteristics of the plant families Lamiaceae and Nyctaginaceae. It provides the division, subclass, order, and other taxonomic ranks. Key characteristics include opposite leaves, bilabiate flowers, four stamens, and schizocarpic fruits. Example genera discussed are Ocimum, Salvia, and Mirabilis. Some species have medicinal uses or are grown as ornamentals.
Family Of Annonaceae
The document discusses the characteristics of plants in the Annonaceae family. Some key points:
- Annonaceae includes trees, shrubs, lianas, and climbers. Leaves are simple, entire, alternate and exstipulate.
- Flowers are hermaphroditic or unisexual, trimerous, hypogynous or perigynous. Sepals, petals and stamens are spirally arranged.
- The gynoecium has numerous free carpels spirally arranged on the receptacle. Fruits are berries or aggregate into a compound fruit.
- The family has over 2,100 species widely distributed in tropical
Taxon.c.b.
This document provides an overview of plant taxonomy including its objectives, main references, and course syllabus. It discusses key concepts in plant taxonomy such as identification, classification, and nomenclature. It also summarizes several important plant families including Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Poaceae, Brassicaceae, Apiaceae, Lamiaceae, and Rosaceae. Methods of plant taxonomy are outlined including morphology, floristics, herbaria, and botanical gardens. The importance of field observation and a region's flora are also noted.
Gnetophyta
This document summarizes key characteristics of the plant division Gnetophyta. It describes three main genera within this division: Welwitschia, Ephedra, and Gnetum. Welwitschia is a bizarre desert plant found in Africa with only two strap-like leaves. Ephedra is a genus of small shrubs or vines found in dry areas worldwide. Gnetum includes about 30 tropical vine-like species. All three genera share some characteristics with flowering plants like vessel elements in xylem and double fertilization, distinguishing them from other gymnosperms.
Rubiaceae famil yppt yvani
This document provides classification information for the plant family Rubiaceae. Some key points:
- Rubiaceae is a large family of flowering plants known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family, containing over 13,000 species across 611 genera.
- Members include trees, shrubs, lianas, herbs and some epiphytes. Leaves are usually simple, elliptic with a cuneate base and acute tip. Stipules are fused between opposite leaves.
- Flowers are small to medium, usually 4 or 5 merous, and bisexual. They are aggregated in inflorescences like cymes or panicles. The perianth has a distinct
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Answer and describe the following five plants habit, habitat, life .pdf
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Solanaceae family
- 1. SHRI SHANKARACHARYA MAHAVIDYALAYA JUNWANI ,BHILAI BOTANY PRESENTATION B.Sc. 2ND SUBMITTED BY :- Ms. VARSHA YADAV Assistant Professor Department of Botany
- 3. The Solanaceae, or nightshades, are a family of flowering plants that ranges from annual and perennial herbs to vines, lianas, epiphytes, shrubs, and trees, and includes a number of agricultural crops, medicinal plants, spices, weeds, and ornamentals. DEFINITION :-
- 4. Map showing the distribution of the Solanaceae throughout the world (light green areas) Even though members of the Solanaceae are found on all continents except Antarctica, the greatest variety of species are found in Central America and South America. Centers of diversity also occur in Australia and Africa. Solanaceae occupy a great number of different ecosystems, from deserts to rainforests, and are often found in the secondary vegetation that colonizes disturbed areas. In general, plants in this family are of tropical and temperate distribution. Distribution
- 6. •This is a family of wide distribution. •Plants are terrestrial and are adapted to grow in temperate and tropical places, growing wild in shady places. •They are annual herbs, shrubs and rarely trees. Roots: They have tap root system, and the roots are branched. Stem: •Stem is erect and weak, may be aerial or underground. •It is herbaceous, may be profusely branched, hairy or prickly. •It is solid and cylindrical with tuberous in the case of potato Leaves: They may be simple or pinnately compound (as in tomato). They are alternate or opposite, exstipulate, hairy, petiolate, dentate, ovate, unicostate and reticular venation. Inflorescence: Cymose or solitary axillary. Flowers: They are complete, small, usually white in color, pentamerous, hypogynous and bisexual. They are pedicellate, ebracteate, actinomorphic. Calyx: 5 sepals, green in color, gamosepalous, campanulate or tubular. Valvate or imbricate aestivation, persistent.
- 7. Corolla: 5 petals,of various shape and color, gamopetalous, rotate, lobes oblong or tubular valvate or imbricate aestivation Androecium: Stamens 5, generally yellow in color, polyandrous, epipetalous anthers, massive Filaments are short, anther oblong, basifixed and bicelled Dehiscence of anthers is by means of apical pores as in Solanum species or by longitudinal slits. Anthers form a cone around the style. Gynoecium: Bicarpellary, syncarpous, ovary is superior and obliquely placed. Ovary is bilocular with swollen placenta, placentation is axile. Style is thick and short, stigma is sticky, bifid or bilobed and capitate. Fruit: Berry with persistent calyx or spinous capsule
- 9. Some important plants of the family: Solanum tuberosum (potato) Solanum melongena (brinjal) Capsicum annum (green pepper) Lycoperscum esculentum (tomato) Nicotiana tobaccum (tobacco) Petunia hybrida (petunia) Datura metel (devil’s trumpet) Datura stramonium (jimsonweed) Withania somnifera (ashwagandha or rennet) Economic importance: Solanum tuberosum, melongena, Capsicum annum, Lycopersicum esculentum etc. are used as vegetables. Nicotiana tobaccum leaves and stem are used for preparing cigarettes and tobacco products. Atropa belladonna’s dried leaves, stems and roots yield ‘belladona’ to relieve pain, cough and excessive perspiration. Atropine is a drug obtained from the dried leaves of some plants to dilate the pupil of the eye. Dried leaves and roots of Datura metel and stramonium are used for the treatment of asthma. Withania somnifera can coagulate milk for making cheese. Petunia hybrida, Cestrum nocturnum, Solanum villosum have ornamental value.