News about alternative RNA splicing and their relation with medicine.

1. By: Valentina Cardona Buitrago
Molecular Biology
Teacher: Lina Martinez
2016

4.  One of the ways that cells
produce multiple protein
isoforms from individual
genes is a process called
alternative splicing.
 know the functions and
interactions of the products of this
process is very important for
understanding the causes and
possible solutions thus to illness.

6. One of the ways that cells produce
multiple protein isoforms from
individual genes is a process called
alternative splicing.

7. The number of different proteins in
human cells exceeds the number of
genes.
Proteins have a unique function in the cell,
or do their roles sometimes overlap?

8. Different protein isoforms encoded by the same gene
Have divergent functions in each one tissue.
Interacted whit different protein partners.

9. Student`s observation:
This news amplifies beliefs about the complexity of the
organism, because although there is a sequence of
established human genome, each step by the central
dogma have hundreds events that leading to a marked
diversity in the functions and interactions of proteins.

11. In humans the differentiation of stem cells is
vital.
Mutations in differentiation pathways of
different cell types can be drivers of cancers.
Researchers found a new
mechanism of differentiation in
megakaryocytes, the blood cells
responsible for platelet
production.

12. There are two key proteins in the pathway ,PRMT1 and
RBM15 .They may also regulate differentiation many tissues.
• RBM15 RNA-binding protein binds to intron
regions of the pre-messenger RNA for genes
of transcription factors such as RUNX1, GATA1
and TAL1  normal and abnormal
hematopoiesis.
• RBM15 appears to recruit the splicing factor
SF3B1 to correctly splice the exons.
PMRT1 suppresses the
activity of RBM15 for a
process called
ubiquination .

13. A mutant fusion of RBM15 and MKL1
proteins is associated with acute
megakaryoblastic leukemia.
If RBM15 protein is low  megakaryocytic progenitor
cells cannot differentiate.
If RBM15 is high  the progenitor cells is differentiate
into mature megakaryocytes.

14. Student`s observation:
Understanding the mechanism of action of proteins
involves multiple areas such as roles, interactions with each
other and the regulation of these are vital to finding the
causes of the disturbances and the formulation of possible
solutions.

16. The fact that both news talk about
alternative splicing, confirms the
importance of this process in the
body, because here multiple
mutations that are characteristic of
many diseases and their detection and
treatment could mean big advances in
medicine .

17. Alternative RNA
splicing is attracting
attention in cancer
research.

18. The protein isoforms can
contribute to evaluate disease
and prove to be valuable targets
for drug therapy.

19. • MARTINEZ SÁNCHEZ, Lina María. Biología molecular. 2. ed.
Medellín: UPB. Fac. de Medicina, 2006.
• University of Alabama at Birmingham. (2016, January 12). New
pathway to differentiation found, shedding light on some
cancers. ScienceDaily. Retrieved February 28, 2016 from
www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/01/160112093533.htm
• Dana-Farber Cancer Institute. (2016, February 11). Alternative
proteins encoded by the same gene have widely divergent
functions in cells.ScienceDaily. Retrieved February 28, 2016 from
www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/02/160211141339.htm