Pamphlet with the presentation of two news on Genetic Transcription:
- How 1,000 new genetic variants were discovered in blood groups
- New mechanisms of gene inactivation may prevent aging and cancer
Seminario biologia molecular. MicroRNA 197-3p y daño endotelial en la enferme...VALEVEROVILLADAORTIZ
En esta exposición se hace referencia a un artículo en el que se estudió la relación entre el MicroRNA 197-3p y el daño en células endoteliales de arteria coronaria en niños con enfermedad de Kawasaki.
Eukaryotic cells have their genetic material in the nucleus, in the other side, prokaryotes have it dispersed in the cytoplasm.
From this DNA will be synthesized RNA, which will act as an intermediary, carrying genetic information from the nucleus to the ribosomes located in the cytoplasm to carry out protein synthesis.
genetic code consists of 64 triplets (codons) of nucleotides, each codon encodes for one of the 20 amino-acids used in the synthesis of proteins.
The study of the genetic code, allow s us identify mutations in specific genes, to detect diseases or predispositions to some pathologies such as those proposed by the articles, and with tan information, implement a PREVENTIVE MEDICINE.
Knowing the sequence of genes that cause certain genetic diseases, is essential for GENE THERAPY branch. In brief it consist in introduce a correct copy of the defective gene that was visualized into the cells, by some vectors, previously studied.
With the knowledge of genetic information, can be provided counseling before and after pregnancy to future parents (Give information about the diseases to which it is susceptible and existing treatments), having always instilled an ethical principle: THE HUMAN LIFE RESPECT.
Promote investigation in medicine basic areas, such as cell biology, molecular biology, biochemistry and pharmacology, with the aim of implement humanity solutions .
Annals of Mutagenesis is an open access, peer reviewed, scholarly journal dedicated to publish articles covering all areas of Mutagenesis.
The journal aims to promote research communications and provide a forum for doctors, researchers, physicians and healthcare professionals to find most recent advances in all areas of Mutagenesis. Annals of Mutagenesis accepts original research articles, reviews, mini reviews, case reports and rapid communication covering all aspects of mutagenesis.
Annals of Mutagenesis strongly supports the scientific up gradation and fortification in related scientific research community by enhancing access to peer reviewed scientific literary works. Austin Publishing Group brings universally peer reviewed journals under one roof thereby promoting knowledge sharing, mutual promotion of multidisciplinary science.
Chromosomes contains the genetic material, it means that when any alteration happens in the number and chromosomes structure can cause genetics illness, for example: ADS, cognition problems or some changes in the genome that can represent a benefit or damage for an individual or a specie like the protection of XX chromosome.
A survey of some recent genetic studies of Jewish history - migrations during the Diaspora, etc.as well as some old results from Maurice Fishberg in the early 1900s
Seminario biologia molecular. MicroRNA 197-3p y daño endotelial en la enferme...VALEVEROVILLADAORTIZ
En esta exposición se hace referencia a un artículo en el que se estudió la relación entre el MicroRNA 197-3p y el daño en células endoteliales de arteria coronaria en niños con enfermedad de Kawasaki.
Eukaryotic cells have their genetic material in the nucleus, in the other side, prokaryotes have it dispersed in the cytoplasm.
From this DNA will be synthesized RNA, which will act as an intermediary, carrying genetic information from the nucleus to the ribosomes located in the cytoplasm to carry out protein synthesis.
genetic code consists of 64 triplets (codons) of nucleotides, each codon encodes for one of the 20 amino-acids used in the synthesis of proteins.
The study of the genetic code, allow s us identify mutations in specific genes, to detect diseases or predispositions to some pathologies such as those proposed by the articles, and with tan information, implement a PREVENTIVE MEDICINE.
Knowing the sequence of genes that cause certain genetic diseases, is essential for GENE THERAPY branch. In brief it consist in introduce a correct copy of the defective gene that was visualized into the cells, by some vectors, previously studied.
With the knowledge of genetic information, can be provided counseling before and after pregnancy to future parents (Give information about the diseases to which it is susceptible and existing treatments), having always instilled an ethical principle: THE HUMAN LIFE RESPECT.
Promote investigation in medicine basic areas, such as cell biology, molecular biology, biochemistry and pharmacology, with the aim of implement humanity solutions .
Annals of Mutagenesis is an open access, peer reviewed, scholarly journal dedicated to publish articles covering all areas of Mutagenesis.
The journal aims to promote research communications and provide a forum for doctors, researchers, physicians and healthcare professionals to find most recent advances in all areas of Mutagenesis. Annals of Mutagenesis accepts original research articles, reviews, mini reviews, case reports and rapid communication covering all aspects of mutagenesis.
Annals of Mutagenesis strongly supports the scientific up gradation and fortification in related scientific research community by enhancing access to peer reviewed scientific literary works. Austin Publishing Group brings universally peer reviewed journals under one roof thereby promoting knowledge sharing, mutual promotion of multidisciplinary science.
Chromosomes contains the genetic material, it means that when any alteration happens in the number and chromosomes structure can cause genetics illness, for example: ADS, cognition problems or some changes in the genome that can represent a benefit or damage for an individual or a specie like the protection of XX chromosome.
A survey of some recent genetic studies of Jewish history - migrations during the Diaspora, etc.as well as some old results from Maurice Fishberg in the early 1900s
PharmaCon2007 Congress, Dubrovnik, Croatia "New Technologies and Trends in Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Industry and Education" http://www.pharmacon2007.com
Abstract is available at http://www.pharmaconnectme.com
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
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2. MEDICAL
UTILITY
We can see that genetic transcription has
a great importance in the practice of
medicine; And this is reflected in both
news.
With the discovery of 1.000 new variants
in blood groups, we can verify the
prevalence of the polymorphism
generated during
the alternative
splicing mechanism.
Was something
that was omitted
before and that ha-
ving had knowledge
of it before, could
have avoided many complications.
The results presented in these research
give encouragement to health professio-
nals and patients to continue struggling
to find a cure as occurs with the inactiva-
tion of RNA polymerase by the presence
of methyl groups in the promoter and the
DNA sequence.
GENETIC
TRANSCRIPTION
By: Jaime Andrés Mejía Sánchez
Molecular Biology
UPB
- Lund University. (2017, January 26).
How 1,000 new genetic variants were
d i s c o v e r e d i n b l o o d
groups. ScienceDaily. Retrieved
F e b r u a r y 2 5 , 2 0 1 7 f r o m
w w w . s c i e n c e d a i l y . c o m /
releases/2017/01/170126081721.htm
- Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz
Lipmann Institute (FLI). (2017,
February 23). New mechanisms of gene
inactivation may prevent aging and
cancer. ScienceDaily. Retrieved
F e b r u a r y 2 6 , 2 0 1 7 f r o m
w w w . s c i e n c e d a i l y . c o m /
releases/2017/02/170223101841.htm
- MARTINEZ SÁNCHEZ, Lina María.
Biología molecular. 8. ed. Medellín:
UPB. Fac. de Medicina, 2015. 117 p.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
3. INTRODUCTION
Genetic transcription is the
process for the synthesis of an
RNA molecule from a strand of
DNA (3' → 5') by RNA polymerase
and it’s transcription factors.
This process has several events,
which include initiation, elonga-
tion, and termination.
The control of transcription in
eukaryotes, occurs mainly in the
initiation and in some occasions in
the elongation.
1,000 new genetic
variants discovered in
blood groups
Through the creation of a new computer
program, Mattias Möller processed the
genomes of 2.504 people,
reason why he discover 1.000
hitherto unknown mutations.
“…I started from the genes
instead, to find variations in
DNA which might give rise to a
new antigen, likely to cause
problems in case of transfusion,
for example.”
- Mattias Möller.
What's next?
A future research field is Africa,
where there is greater variation
between different population
groups.
Student’s opinion
The contribution of this research, can
help improve control
the presence of adverse
reactions in blood trans-
fusions, transplants or
even in pregnancy.
Preventing aging
and cancer
During aging as well as during the deve-
lopment of age-induced diseases like cancer,
the activation of genetic informa-
tion is increasingly defective.
What did they find?
For the first time, researchers
from the Leibniz Institute on Aging
in Jena, verified that a lack of methyl groups
even in the gene body, leads to an incorrect
gene activation and, as a consequence, abe-
rrant proteins are produced, which impinge
on the cell structure. Thus, the function and
identity of a cell are massively disrupted
leading to the emergence of cancer.
What do the results entail?
If the damage is caused by a problem in DNA
methylation, it can be prevent by regulated
with chemical compounds.
Student’s opinión
This research is a breakthrough for cancer
therapy. It is important to begin testing ways
to traffic methyl groups to non-methylated
DNA sequences of cancer cells, as an alterna-
tive for stopping the proliferation of these
cells.
4. INTRODUCTION
Initiation
Termination
Elongation
Binding of the RNA polymerase to the
promoter sequence (TATA, GC, etc.)
Action of topoisomerase on DNA.
Beginning of transcription.
Nucleic acid and
protein complex
stabilized by:
Binding of DNA to RNA
polymerase.
Binding of nucleotides between
the nascent RNA strand and
the template DNA strand, in
the enzymatic complex.
Binding of RNA with RNA
polymerase to the enzyme exit
channel.
Separation of transcription complex.
5. How 1,000 new genetic
variants were discovered
in blood groups
January 26, 2017
Lund University
6. How 1,000 new genetic variants were
discovered in blood groups
On the surface of the red blood cells are proteins and sugar molecules,
in which small differences give rise to different antigens.
That antigens have functions such as transporting necessary nutrients
or signalling, and are randomly present in all individuals
(Different individuals express different antigens).
7. How 1,000 new genetic variants were
discovered in blood groups
“Never before has there been a worldwide mapping of blood group genes in healthy individuals.
Most previously known blood group variants were discovered when a blood transfusion failed...“
- Mattias Möller.
B
A
+ Immune reaction
Rejection of the
transplanted organ
Mild and barely
noticeable
Rapid breakdown
of red blood cells
=
Death
8. How 1,000 new genetic variants were
discovered in blood groups
Mismatch blood can lead to death.
Until now the study has focused on
the populations of Europe and North
America. A future research field is
Africa, where there is greater variation
between different population groups.
Many new antigens are likely to be
discovered.
9. Student’s opinion
I suppose that these alterations, variants may be due to an
alternative splicing mechanism.
I think that the contribution of this research, can help
improve control the presence of adverse reactions in
blood transfusions, transplants or even in pregnancy.
Never take anything for granted, just as we saw on this
investigation, everything is constantly changing, and
something that is apparently basic, may be more complex
than it seems.
10. New mechanisms of gene
inactivation may prevent
aging and cancer
February 23, 2017
Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann
Institute (FLI)
11. New mechanisms of gene inactivation may
prevent aging and cancer
Previous knowledge:
Gene expression is strictly regulated in order to build tissue-specific cells with
tissue-specific attributes.
If methyl groups are enzymatically bound to a ge-
ne's starting point, known as the promoter, the res-
pective gene is inactivated.
The activation of genetic information deteriorates
with aging.
12. New mechanisms of gene inactivation may
prevent aging and cancer
Why does the DNA inside the body of the gene
also methylate as the promoter?
They proved that genes are also aberrantly
activated if DNA methylation is missing within the
gene body.
Here lies why DNA methylation is very often
missing in cancer cells.
13. A lack of DNA methylation
at the gene body.
↑ production of aberrant
proteins
Function and identity of a
cell are disrupted
New mechanisms of gene inactivation may
prevent aging and cancer
New target for cancer therapy.
Find a way to traffic methyl groups
to non-methylated DNA sequences
of cancer cells.
14. Student’s opinion
This research is a breakthrough for cancer therapy. It is
important to begin testing ways to traffic methyl groups
to non-methylated DNA sequences of cancer cells, as an
alternative for stopping the proliferation of these cells.
It is also very gratifying to know that on the day this
therapy is developed, it will represent a less invasive
treatment.
16. M E D I C A L U T I L I T Y
The researches presented in this
pamphlet are important from the point
of view that although we are members
of the same species, there is still a
polymorphism that makes us not
compatible with any individual, and
that must be taken into account at the
time of any invasive procedure in the
practice of medicine, such as a
transfusion, a transplant or a newborn
with fetal erythroblastosis.
17. M E D I C A L U T I L I T Y
As for the news of "new mechanisms of
inactivation of genes", there is now a very big
challenge that is to find the way to apply the
treatment in such a way that it is effective and
reaches its destination.
18. M E D I C A L U T I L I T Y
It would be wise if scientists were not so limited
to develop treatments of this kind, since gene
therapy is a procedure that is not invasive and
with which the patient is not subjected to stress.
19. Lund University. (2017, January 26). How 1,000 new genetic variants
were discovered in blood groups. ScienceDaily. Retrieved February 25,
2017 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/01/170126081721.htm
Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann
Institute (FLI). (2017, February 23). New
mechanisms of gene inactivation may prevent
aging and cancer. ScienceDaily. Retrieved
February 26, 2017 from www.sciencedaily.com/
releases/2017/02/170223101841.htm
MARTINEZ SÁNCHEZ, Lina María. Biología
molecular. 8. ed. Medellín: UPB. Fac. de
Medicina, 2015. 117 p.
BIBLIOGRAPHY