The document discusses ethnicity, multilingualism, and code-switching. It defines ethnicity as identifying with a group through shared heritage, language, culture, and ancestry. Multilingualism refers to an individual's ability to speak multiple languages. Code-switching occurs when bilingual speakers blend two languages in conversation, such as switching between sentences or inserting words from one language into a sentence in another language. Examples of code-switching in English-Indonesian and Hong Kong Cantonese-English are provided.

1. Ethnicity and
Multilingualism
Group 2 :
Galih Depri Lenggana (1002727)
Hanifa Muslima (1006322)
Liuthfi Rahinal Amanat (1002740)
Novia Mayasari (1002743)
Syarifuddin (1002699)

2. Our discussions….
• Ethnicity and Multilingualism
• Code-Switching in German
• Ethnology
• Language Contact and Code-
Switching
• Examples
• Question and Answer Session

3. Luthfi rahinal amanat

4. Definition of Ethnicity
• The terms ethnicity and ethnic group are
derived from the Greek word
• ἔθνος ethnos, normally translated as
"nation".
• The terms refer currently to people thought to
have common ancestry who share a
distinctive culture.

5. Continued…
• ethnicity is a group of people
whose members identify with each
other, through a common heritage,
often consisting of a common
language, a common culture (often
including a shared religion) and/or
an ideology that stresses common
ancestry or endogamy

6. Ethnicity in Language use
• The language that is deemed
as a Nationalist Symbol
• Based from racial, culture or
family origin

7. Continued…
• Be the major badge of
ethnicity – that is
racial, cultural and family
origin

8. Multilingualism
• Individual Ability
–Bilingual
–Multilingual
• Mother tongue (Vernacular)

9. Continued…
• L1 First Language
• L2 Second Language
» Compound Bilingual
» Co-Ordinate Bilingual

10. SYARIFUDDIN

11. Code Switching
- Definition
Romaine’s (1989: 112)
- Tag switching
- Intersentential switch
- Intrasentential switch

12. Du and Sie
- Differentiate singular and plural

13. By : Hanifa Muslima

14. WHAT IS ETHNOLOGY ?
• Greenberg :
The science that analyzes and compares human cultures, as
in social structure, language, religion, and technology; cultural
anthropology.
• Cambridge Online Dictionaries :
The comparative and historical study of different societies and
cultures.
• Merriam Webster Online Dictionary :
A science that deals with the division of human beings into
races and their origin, distribution, relations, and
characteristics .

15.  The article : Actually, Chinese May Not Be The Mother
Tongue by Sunny Goh represents the 3 different views of
Chinese language in Singapore :

16. HONG KONG CHAT ‘MIX’
•
 Based on the script on page 78 about ‘Mix’, the blend of
English and Cantonese heard in Hongkong (mostly used by
among young people to gain popularity).
 There are some points that show the ‘Mix’ and code switching
involved in the chat:
I. The uses of ‘la/lar’ which are marked for solidarity
II. There are some direct interferences from Chinese :
a) ‘granny number 8’ denotes a ‘nosy’ person
b) ‘shooting arrows’ is a Chinese idiom for a personal attack
c) ‘GER’ is an English spelling of the Chinese word for ‘only’.

17. NOVIA MAYASARI

18. Languange Contact and Code-
Switching
• Languages don't exist in isolation.
Rather, they are used by speech communities
whose members interact with one another
as well as with members of other speech
communities.
• Language contact occurs when two or more
languages or varieties interact.
• Language contact occurs in a variety of
phenomena, including
borrowing, interference and code-switching.

19. • The term interference refers to the influence
of one language (or variety) on another in the
speech of bilinguals who use both languages.
• Borrowing is a process of word borrowed from
a donor language and incorporated into a
recipient language.
• code-switching is the concurrent use of more
than one language, or language variety, in
conversation.

20. GALIH DEPRI

21. Example of Code Switching
Singlish:
- You know what happen lah. Fine. (='you know
what happened? I got fined.')
- Otherwise, how can be considered
Singaporean ah?
English-Indonesian:
- Nice to meet you, my name is John, boleh saya
duduk di sini?

22. Continued….
• Others
- Inilah yang mendongkrak perekonomian kita
sekarang ini, dan insya Allah growth itu akan
menjadi lebih sustain.
- Kalau dia sudah menunjukkan rasa cintanya,
go ahead, jangan malu-malu kucing.

23. Continued…
• A: Maaf mas, boleh saya duduk di sini?
B: Oh silahkan mba.
A: Loh, Deni.?
B: Ah, Yanti, kemana aja lu? Baru sekarang gua
liat lu lagi?
A: Ada aja nih, biasa lah gua lagi sibuk
ngurusin kerjaan……..

24. Question Please….